Keyboard shortcuts and their meaning! What key combinations are worth remembering? Windows 7 command: execute key combination

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Ctrl+Esc Win	Open the Start menu
Ctrl + Shift + Esc	Calling the "Task Manager"
Win+E	Launching Explorer
Win+R	Displaying the “Run program” dialog, analogous to “Start” - “Run”
Win+D	Minimize all windows or return to original state (switch)
Win+L	Locking a workstation
Win+F1	Access Windows Help
Win+Pause	Opening the System Properties window
Win+F	Open file search window
Win + Ctrl + F	Open computer search window
Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the entire screen
Alt + Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the currently active window
Win + Tab Win + Shift + Tab	Switches between taskbar buttons
F6 Tab	Move between panels. For example, between the desktop and the Quick Launch panel
Ctrl+A	Select everything (objects, text)
Ctrl+C Ctrl + Insert	Copy to clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl+X Shift+Delete	Cut to clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl+V Shift + Insert	Paste from clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl + N	Create a new document, project, or similar action. In Internet Explorer, this causes a new window to open with a copy of the contents of the current window.
Ctrl+S	Save the current document, project, etc.
Ctrl+O	Call a file selection dialog to open a document, project, etc.
Ctrl+P	Seal
Ctrl+Z	Undo last action
Shift	CD-ROM autorun lock (hold while the drive reads the newly inserted disc)
Alt+Enter	Switch to full screen mode and back (switch; for example, in Windows Media Player or in a command interpreter window).

Keyboard shortcuts for working with text

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Ctrl+A	Select all
Ctrl+C Ctrl + Insert	Copy
Ctrl+X Shift+Delete	Cut
Ctrl+V Shift + Insert	Insert
Ctrl + ← Ctrl + →	Moving through words in the text. Works not only in text editors. For example, it is very convenient to use in the browser address bar
Shift + ← Shift + → Shift + Shift + ↓	Text selection
Ctrl + Shift + ← Ctrl + Shift + →	Selecting text by words
Home End Ctrl + Home Ctrl+End	Move to the beginning or end of a line of text
Ctrl + Home Ctrl+End	Move to the beginning or end of the document

Keyboard shortcuts for working with files

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Shift + F10 Menu	Displays the context menu of the current object (same as right-clicking).
Alt+Enter	Calling “Object Properties”
F2	Renaming an object
Drag with Ctrl	Copying an object
Drag with Shift	Moving an object
Drag with Ctrl + Shift	Create an object shortcut
Ctrl clicks	Selecting multiple objects in random order
Shift clicks	Selecting multiple adjacent objects
Enter	Same as double clicking on an object
Delete	Deleting an object
Shift+Delete	Permanently deleting an object without placing it in the trash

Keyboard shortcuts for working in Explorer

Keyboard shortcuts for working with windows

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Alt+Tab Alt + Shift + Tab	Calling the transition menu between windows and navigating through it
Alt+Esc Alt + Shift + Esc	Switch between windows (in the order in which they were launched)
Alt+F6	Switching between multiple windows of the same program (for example, between open WinWord windows)
Alt+F4	Closing the active window (running application). On the desktop - call the Windows shutdown dialog
Ctrl+F4	Closing the active document in programs that allow multiple documents to be opened simultaneously
Alt F10	Calling the window menu
Alt + − (minus)	Calling the system menu of a child window (for example, a document window)
Esc	Exit a window menu or close an open dialog
Alt + letter	Call a menu command or open a menu column. The corresponding letters in the menu are usually underlined (either initially, or become underlined after pressing Alt). If the menu column is already open, then to call the desired command you must press the key with the letter that is underlined in this command
Alt + Space	Calling the window system menu
F1	Calling application help
Ctrl+Up Ctrl+Down	Scroll text vertically or move up and down paragraphs of text

Keyboard shortcuts for working with dialog boxes

Keyboard shortcuts for working in Internet Explorer

Keyboard shortcut	Description
F4	Displaying a list of the Address field
Ctrl + N F5	Start another browser instance with the same web address
Ctrl+R	Refresh the current web page
Ctrl+B	Opens the Organize Favorites dialog box
Ctrl+E	Opens the Search panel
Ctrl+F	Starting the Search Utility
Ctrl + I	Opens the Favorites panel
Ctrl+L	Opens the Open dialog box
Ctrl+O	Opens the Open dialog box, similar to CtrL+L
Ctrl+P	Opens the Print dialog box
Ctrl+W	Closing the current window
F11	Switch to full screen mode and back (works in some other applications as well).

Special abilities

• Press the SHIFT key five times: Turn Sticky Keys on or off.
• Hold down the Right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Turn input filtering on or off.
• Hold down the Num Lock key for five seconds: Turn the switch audio on or off.
• Alt Left + Shift Left + Num Lock: Enable or disable keyboard pointer control.
• Alt left + Shift left + PRINT SCREEN: Turn high contrast on or off.

Overall material rating: 4.8

SIMILAR MATERIALS (BY TAG):

Keen Eye - Antivirus Utility Data encryption The world's most expensive supercomputers USB hub - hub. What is this? Types of USB hubs

A number of new keyboard shortcuts (hot keys) have appeared in the Windows 7 operating system. Using hot keys makes working on a computer more convenient, significantly speeds up the process and saves valuable time.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Ctrl+Esc Win	Open the Start menu
Ctrl + Shift + Esc	Calling the "Task Manager"
Win+E	Launching Explorer
Win+R	Displaying the “Run program” dialog, analogous to “Start” - “Run”
Win+D	Minimize all windows or return to original state (switch)
Win+L	Locking a workstation
Win+F1	Access Windows Help
Win+Pause	Opening the System Properties window
Win+F	Open file search window
Win + Ctrl + F	Open computer search window
Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the entire screen
Alt + Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the currently active window
Win + Tab Win + Shift + Tab	Switches between taskbar buttons
F6 Tab	Move between panels. For example, between the desktop and the Quick Launch panel
Ctrl+A	Select everything (objects, text)
Ctrl+C Ctrl + Insert	Copy to clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl+X Shift+Delete	Cut to clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl+V Shift + Insert	Paste from clipboard (objects, text)
Ctrl + N	Create a new document, project, or similar action. In Internet Explorer, this causes a new window to open with a copy of the contents of the current window.
Ctrl+S	Save the current document, project, etc.
Ctrl+O	Call a file selection dialog to open a document, project, etc.
Ctrl+P	Seal
Ctrl+Z	Undo last action
Shift	CD-ROM autorun lock (hold while the drive reads the newly inserted disc)
Alt+Enter	Switch to full screen mode and back (switch; for example, in Windows Media Player or in a command interpreter window).

Work with text.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Ctrl+A	Select all
Ctrl+C Ctrl + Insert	Copy
Ctrl+X Shift+Delete	Cut
Ctrl+V Shift + Insert	Insert
Ctrl + ← Ctrl + →	Moving through words in the text. Works not only in text editors. For example, it is very convenient to use in the browser address bar
Shift + ← Shift + → Shift + Shift + ↓	Text selection
Ctrl + Shift + ← Ctrl + Shift + →	Selecting text by words
Home End Ctrl + Home Ctrl+End	Move to the beginning or end of a line of text
Ctrl + Home Ctrl+End	Move to the beginning or end of the document

Working with files.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Shift + F10 Menu	Displays the context menu of the current object (same as right-clicking).
Alt+Enter	Calling “Object Properties”
F2	Renaming an object
Drag with Ctrl	Copying an object
Drag with Shift	Moving an object
Drag with Ctrl + Shift	Create an object shortcut
Ctrl clicks	Selecting multiple objects in random order
Shift clicks	Selecting multiple adjacent objects
Enter	Same as double clicking on an object
Delete	Deleting an object
Shift+Delete	Permanently deleting an object without placing it in the trash

Working in Explorer.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
F3 or Ctrl + F	Show or hide the search bar in Explorer (switch).
← → + (on numeric keypad) − (on numeric keypad)	Navigation through the explorer tree, folding and unrolling of nested directories.
* (asterisk) (on numeric keypad)	Show all folders within a selected folder
F5	Refresh the Explorer or Internet Explorer window.
Backspace	Go up a level in the Explorer or Internet Explorer window.
F4	Go to the address bar in Explorer or Internet Explorer.

Working with windows.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Alt+Tab Alt + Shift + Tab	Calling the transition menu between windows and navigating through it
Alt+Esc Alt + Shift + Esc	Switch between windows (in the order in which they were launched)
Alt+F6	Switching between multiple windows of the same program (for example, between open WinWord windows)
Alt+F4	Closing the active window (running application). On the desktop - call the Windows shutdown dialog
Ctrl+F4	Closing the active document in programs that allow multiple documents to be opened simultaneously
Alt F10	Calling the window menu
Alt + − (minus)	Calling the system menu of a child window (for example, a document window)
Esc	Exit a window menu or close an open dialog
Alt + letter	Call a menu command or open a menu column. The corresponding letters in the menu are usually underlined (either initially, or become underlined after pressing Alt). If the menu column is already open, then to call the desired command you must press the key with the letter that is underlined in this command
Alt + Space	Calling the window system menu
F1	Call application help.
Ctrl+Up Ctrl+Down	Scroll text vertically or move up and down paragraphs of text.

Working with dialog boxes.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
Ctrl+Tab	Move forward through tabs
Ctrl + Shift + Tab	Move back through tabs
Tab	Move forward through options
Alt + underlined letter	Execute the appropriate command or select the appropriate option
Enter	Execute a command for the current option or button
Arrow keys	Select a button if the active option is part of a radio button group
Shift + Tab	Move back through options

Working in Internet Explorer.

Keyboard shortcut	Description
F4	Displaying a list of the Address field
Ctrl + N F5	Start another browser instance with the same web address
Ctrl+R	Refresh the current web page
Ctrl+B	Opens the Organize Favorites dialog box
Ctrl+E	Opens the Search panel
Ctrl+F	Starting the Search Utility
Ctrl + I	Opens the Favorites panel
Ctrl+L	Opens the Open dialog box
Ctrl+O	Opens the Open dialog box, similar to CtrL+L
Ctrl+P	Opens the Print dialog box
Ctrl+W	Closing the current window
F11	Switch to full screen mode and back (works in some other applications as well).

Special abilities.

• Press the Shift key five times: Turn Sticky Keys on or off
• Hold down the Right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Turn input filtering on or off
• Hold down the Num Lock key for five seconds: Toggle voiceover on or off
• Alt Left + Shift Left + Num Lock: Enable or disable keyboard pointer control
• Alt Left + Shift Left + PRINT SCREEN: Toggle High Contrast on or off

Guys, we put our soul into the site. Thank you for that
that you are discovering this beauty. Thanks for the inspiration and goosebumps.
Join us on Facebook And In contact with

To make working on a computer easier and faster, hot keys were invented long ago. And if you don’t yet know all the useful combinations, then here is an excellent cheat sheet that the editors also enjoy using website.

Windows operating system

1. Ctrl+C- copy. To see the contents of the clipboard in MS Office, press Ctrl+C twice.
2. Ctrl+N- create a new document.
3. Ctrl+O- open.
4. Ctrl+S- save.
5. Ctrl+V- insert.
6. Ctrl+W- close a window.
7. Ctrl+X- cut out.
8. Ctrl+Y- repeat the canceled action.
9. Ctrl+Z- undo the last change.
10. Ctrl+Home- move to the beginning of the document.
11. Ctrl+End- move to the end.
12. Windows+E- launch Windows Explorer.
13. Windows+D- minimize all windows by going to the desktop, or restore windows.
14. Windows+U- turns off the computer.
15. Alt+Tab- allows you to switch between open windows. Hold Alt, press Tab several times, select the desired window image and release the keys. You can also use the Windows+Tab shortcut. In this case, several presses of Tab will also allow you to select the desired window, after which you must press Enter.
16. Alt+Tab+Shift And Windows+Tab+Shift scroll windows in the opposite direction. Alt - call the system menu of the open window. You can work in it using arrows or Alt+letter. After pressing Alt, underlined or highlighted letters appear, clicking which opens the corresponding menu section.
17. Shift+F10- open the context menu of the current object and select a section using the Up/Down arrows. This combination replaces right-clicking. In addition, in the Windows operating system it is possible to set individual key combinations for quickly launching programs. On the desktop, right-click on the shortcut of the desired program and select the “Properties” section. In the dialog box, find the “Shortcut” tab. In the "Shortcut" field, enter the desired key. Ctrl+Alt will appear automatically in front of the selected key. Then click Ok. To call the desired program you will need to use Ctrl+Alt+the specified key.
18. Ctrl+Shift+Esc- call the task manager.

MS Word

1. Ctrl+Space- remove formatting from the selected area. Changes the formatting of the text you enter next.
2. Ctrl+0- change the spacing between paragraphs.
3. Ctrl+1- sets single spacing between lines.
4. Ctrl+2- sets double spacing between lines.
5. Ctrl+5- sets one and a half spacing between lines.
6. Alt+Shift+D- displays the current date.
7. Alt+Shift+T- displays the current time.

MS Excel

1. F2- opens the cell and allows editing.
2. Ctrl+space- select a column.
3. Ctrl+Enter- fill the selected cells with the same data.
4. Shift+Space- select a row.
5. Ctrl+Home- move to the beginning of the document, cell A1 becomes active.
6. Ctrl+Page Up- go to the next sheet of the book.
7. Ctrl+Page Down- go to the previous page of the book.
8. Ctrl+1- open the cell format window.
9. Ctrl+Shift+4 (Ctrl+$)- apply a currency format with two decimal places.
10. Ctrl+Shift+5 (Ctrl+%)- apply percentage format.
11. Ctrl+: (Ctrl+colon)- display the current time.
12. Ctrl+; (Ctrl+semicolon)- display the current date.
13. Ctrl+" (Ctrl+double quote)- copy the top cell to the current one.

Google Chrome

1. F6, Ctrl+L or A lt+D - moves to an area accessible for keyboard input and selects its contents, for example, in the address bar.
2. F11- opens the current page in full screen mode; to exit this mode you need to press F11 again.
3. Alt+Home- opens the home page in the current tab.
4. Backspace or Alt+left arrow- return to the previous page in history.
5. Shift+Backspace or Alt+right arrow- move to the next page in the story.
6. Ctrl+Shift+Delete- brings up the “Clear History” dialog box.
7. Ctrl+Enter- adds www. before what is entered in the address bar and .com after (that is, what you typed google becomes www.google.com).
8. Ctrl+Shift+N- opens a new window in incognito mode.
9. Ctrl+Tab or Ctrl+Page Down- go to the next tab.
10. Ctrl+Shift+Tab or Ctrl+Page Up- go to the previous tab.
11. Ctrl+Shift+T- reopens the last closed tab.
12. Ctrl+Shift+J- opens the developer tool, where you can view the source code of the page.
13. Shift+Alt+T- switch to browser tools; arrows - move between tools, Enter - select a tool.
14. Shift+Esc- opens “Task Manager”.
15. Ctrl++ (plus)
16. Ctrl+- (minus)
17. Ctrl+0- returns the standard (100%) page scale.
18. Ctrl+1-Ctrl+8- go to the tab with the corresponding serial number.
19. Ctrl+9- go to the last tab; search in the default search engine.
20. Ctrl+D
21. Ctrl+F or Ctrl+G
22. Ctrl+H- opens a page of history.
23. Ctrl+J- opens the downloads page.
24. Ctrl+K or Ctrl+E- moves to the address bar.
25. Ctrl+N- opens a new window.
26. Ctrl+O- calls the file open window.
27. Ctrl+P- starts printing the current page.
28. Ctrl+R or F5- refreshes the current page.
29. Ctrl+S- saves the current page.
30. Ctrl+T- opens a new tab.
31. Ctrl+U- opens a page with its source code. It is worth noting that typing in the address bar "view-source:page address" also opens the source code of the page.
32. Ctrl+W or Ctrl+F4- closes a pop-up window or current tab. In addition, when following links in Google Chrome, you can forget about the right mouse button using the following great combinations: Ctrl+clicking on a link (or clicking on a link with the middle mouse button or scroll wheel) - opens the link in a new tab, while leaving the old one current; Ctrl+Shift+clicking on a link (or Shift+clicking on a link with the middle mouse button or scroll wheel) - opens the link in a new tab and switches to it; Shift+click on a link - opens the link in a new window.

Mozilla Firefox

1. F5- refreshes the page.
2. Space- scrolls the page down.
3. Shift+Space-scrolls the page up.
4. Alt-Home- opens the home page.
5. Ctrl+Shift+T- reopens the last closed tab; / - opens a search window as you enter text.
6. Ctrl++ (plus)- zooms in on the page.
7. Ctrl± (minus)- reduces the page scale.
8. Ctrl+D- saves the current page as a bookmark.
9. Ctrl+F- calls up a text search window.
10. Ctrl+K- go to the search bar.
11. Ctrl+L- Go to the address bar.
12. Ctrl+T- opens a new tab.
13. Ctrl-W- closes the tab; as an addition - use bookmarks with keywords. In order to remember a site you like or frequently visit, create a bookmark. After saving it, right-click on this bookmark and open its properties. Specify the “short name” (aka keyword), save. As a result, you can directly enter this word in the address bar, which will open the desired page.

1. Tab+Enter- sends a letter; / - moves to the search window.
2. A- write a response to everyone.
3. C- create a new letter.
4. F- forward the letter.
5. K- opens the previous email chain or moves the cursor to the previous contact.
6. J- opens the next email chain or moves the cursor to the next contact.
7. M- hides a chain of letters, subsequent correspondence does not go into the inbox.
8. N- opens the next letter in the chain of letters.
9. P- opens the previous letter in the chain.
10. R- write a response to the letter.
11. X- selects a chain of letters, after which you can delete it, hide it, or apply another action from the drop-down list.
12. G+C- opens the contact list.
13. G+I- opens the inbox folder.
14. G+S- goes to the list of marked messages.
15. Y+O- saves the current email chain and opens the next email; #+O (or ]) - deletes a chain of letters and opens the next letter.
16. Ctrl+S- saves the letter as a draft.

Mac Operating System

1. Option+Cmd+D- displays or hides the panel.
2. Dock Cmd+Option+H- hides all programs except the one you are working in.
3. Cmd+W- closes the active open window.
4. Option+Cmd+W- closes all windows.
5. Option+Cmd+Right Arrow- Expands a directory and/or subdirectory in a list in the Finder.
6. Cmd+[- goes to the previous folder.
7. Cmd+]- moves to the next folder.
8. Cmd+Shift+3- copies the screen to the clipboard.
9. Cmd+Shift+4- copies only part of the screen to the clipboard.
10. Shift+Option+Cmd+Q- instant exit.
11. Shift+Cmd+Q- comes out in 2 minutes.
12. Shift+Cmd+Delete- clears the trash can.
13. Cmd+T- opens a new window in Safari.
14. Cmd+K- opens a connection to the server.
15. Shift+Cmd+?- calls up the help window.
16. WITH- loads DVD, CD, USB drive.
17. Cmd+Option+I- opening the “Inspector” window.
18. Cmd+Option+Esc- selects a program to forcefully terminate.
19. Cmd+Option+Power button- puts the computer into sleep mode.
20. Cmd+Сtrl+power button- forced reboot of the computer.
21. Cmd+Option+Ctrl+power button- closing all programs and turning off the computer.

Probably, every user on his way to the heights of computer mastery asks the questions: How can I speed up the system? How to make work more comfortable? And here numerous “registry tweaks”, tweaks, boosters and optimizers come into play. Some users, caught up in this process, even gain the very valuable experience of reinstalling a system that has been optimized to death.

But now let's leave such entertainment for a while and try to look at the problem from the other side. Completely different. For example, two people have cars (no, not Pentiums or Athlones, but the cars they drive). These two people get behind the wheel and race. And it turns out that one of them drives faster. You can, of course, say that his car is more powerful. But let's put them behind the same cars. Somebody will go faster anyway. Because he CAN drive fast. It’s the same with those machines that are computers. Someone barely presses the buttons, performing one useful action in five minutes. And for some, their fingers simply flutter over the keyboard, windows on the screen change at such a speed that less experienced users do not even have time to understand what is happening.

So, we conclude: in order to increase the productivity of your communication with a computer, you need to master the means of this very communication. What means do we have? Mouse and keyboard. There are not so many buttons on the mouse, and their purpose is immediately clear. But the keyboard... A bunch of keys, usually 105 or 106, and if everything is clear with letters and numbers, then with the rest of the keys it’s not so simple. But there are also key combinations! Even an advanced user may not know some of the secrets here.
Let's say right away that any self-respecting computer scientist should master the ten-finger touch typing method. Why so categorical? Simple arithmetic: how many times a day do you have to press keys on your keyboard? We can assume that quite a lot, even if you do not type several sheets of text, but limit yourself to typing Internet addresses in your favorite browser or entering a network password. Count how much time you spend looking down at the keyboard, finding the right key, placing your finger on it and pressing it. Now imagine how much shorter this procedure will be if you don’t have to look at the keyboard and search for the right key. To train a blind ten-finger finger, it takes a week or two of daily lessons for several hours. And for the rest of your life, you will gain the ability to work with a keyboard much faster and, undoubtedly, more comfortably than before. Draw your own conclusions.

Now let's figure out WHAT you need to press, or, simply put, what key combinations there are and what you can do with them. Windows Help says: "When using Windows, use keyboard shortcuts instead of the mouse. Using keyboard shortcuts, you can open, close, and navigate the Start menu, the desktop, various menus and dialog boxes, and web pages. Using shortcuts keys will make it easier to interact with the computer." And this is undoubtedly the truth.

Now let's finally get down to business and start studying these very combinations. The first table shows the most commonly used ones. If you still don't use them, get them on board immediately.

Note for complete novice users: the "+" sign between the key designations means that these keys should be pressed together, and in the order in which they are indicated. So, for example, if you see the message “press CTRL+C,” this means that you need to first press the CTRL key, and then, without releasing it, press the C key and then release them in the reverse order. If you press the C key first, and then CTRL, something completely different from what you intended will happen...

Key combinations. Table 1

Combination	Action
CTRL+C, CTRL+INS	Copy
CTRL+V, SHIFT+INS	Insert
CTRL+X	Cutting
SHIFT+DEL	When working with text - cutting, when working with files - deleting without placing in the trash
CTRL+Z	Undo last action
Hold down CTRL while dragging an element	Copying a dragged element
Hold down CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an element	Create a shortcut for a dragged element
F2	Rename a selected object
CTRL + RIGHT ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the next word
CTRL + LEFT ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word
CTRL + DOWN ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph
CTRL + UP ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph
CTRL + SHIFT with any arrow	Selecting a paragraph
SHIFT with any arrow	Select multiple items in a window or desktop, or select text in a document
CTRL+A	Select all
F3	Open search window
ALT+ENTER, ALT+double click	Launching the properties window for the selected object
ALT+F4	Close active window
ALT + SPACEBAR	Open the system menu of the active window
ALT+minus	Open the system menu of a child window in a program that allows simultaneous work with several windows
CTRL+F4	Close the active document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents
ALT+TAB	Go to next window
ALT+SHIFT+TAB	Go to the next window in the opposite direction
ALT+F6	Moving to the next document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents
ALT+ESC	Switch between items in the order they were opened
F6	Switch between screen elements in a window or desktop
F4	Display the address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer
SHIFT+F10	Open the context menu for the selected element
CTRL+ESC	Opening the Start menu
ALT + underlined letter in menu title	Display the corresponding menu
Underlined letter in open menu command name	Execute the appropriate command
F10	Activating the menu bar of the current program
F5	Refresh the active window
BACKSPACE	View a folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. When working with text, delete the character to the left of the cursor."
DELETE	When working with files, delete the file to the trash. When working with text, delete the character to the right of the cursor
ESC	Cancel current action
SHIFT when inserting a CD into the drive	Refusal of automatic start

Now let's see what you can do with the keyboard in dialog boxes.

Key combinations. table 2

For those who prefer to work with Windows Explorer, the following table will be useful, which shows ways to work with the directory tree.

Key combinations. Table 3

Combination	Action
Up and down arrows	Navigating the Explorer Tree
END and HOME	Move to the bottom and top position of the tree respectively
"*" (asterisk) on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled	Display all folders subfolders of the selected directory
Plus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled	Expands the selected branch
Minus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled	Collapses the selected branch
Left arrow	Collapses the selected branch, or branches to the parent branch
Right Arrow	Expands the selected branch, or navigates to the first subfolder

Among other things, your keyboard most likely has special keys that open up additional options. These are the Windows key, the context menu key, and the Turbo or Fn key. The Turbo key (aka Fn) in combination with the F11 key locks the keyboard. And, accordingly, it unlocks by pressing the same combination again. The purpose of the context menu button is clear from its name. As an alternative, you can use the combination SHIFT+F10. For those who have not yet understood: using this button, they call up the context menu, that is, the menu that is usually called up by right-clicking on an object.

Now let's look at the Windows key.

Key combinations. Table 4

Combination	Action
Win	Opens the "Start" menu
Win+D	Minimizes windows, press again - maximizes them
Win+M	Minimizes windows, except dialog ones
Win+SHIFT+M	Maximizes windows
Win+E	Launching Explorer
Win+R	Launching the Run dialog box
Win+F	Search
Win+CTRL+F	Search for a computer
Win+F1	Launch Windows Help
Win+U	Opening Utility Manager
Win+BREAK	Opening the system properties window
Win+L	For Windows XP - blocking the computer, or, if the computer is not included in the domain, switching users
Win+TAB	Switch between buttons on the taskbar. By clicking on any button, you can expand the selected window by pressing Enter.

Now let's talk about quickly launching programs. Firstly, you can use the Run window, which, as you already know, is opened by pressing the Win+R key combination. Below is a small list of the most commonly used commands entered into the Run window.

Key combinations. Table 5

Team	What's running
cmd, command	Command line
notepad	Notebook
wordpad	Text editor WordPad
calc	Calculator
mspaint	Graphic editor Paint
regedit	Registry Editor
winmine	"Mine Mines" game
control	Control Panel
x:	Explorer window with table of contents of disk directories (x - drive letter)
excel	Excel Spreadsheets
winword	Word processor

If you are too lazy to type commands, you can do the following. Create a shortcut for a program or document that you plan to run frequently. Open the shortcut properties and in the "Shortcut" line, specify the key combination that will launch this shortcut.

Since you use the Windows operating system, then most likely you also have Microsoft Office installed. And, probably, you sometimes (and maybe often) have to create text documents using Word. But the text must not only be created, it must also be formatted. And to do this, you have to look up from the keyboard and use your mouse to poke at buttons and menus: alignment, underlining, font size... And if you type quickly (haven’t you forgotten that you absolutely need to master the touch typing method?), then get distracted by You don’t want a mouse at all, because it wastes quite a lot of time. So, to optimize yourself yourself, it would not hurt you to learn how to use the keyboard to format text.

By default, the most frequently used commands have keyboard shortcuts already configured. If you want to see which combination is used for which command, or even reconfigure it to your own combinations, go here: Tools - Settings - Commands tab - Keyboard button.
Well, below are some default combinations. Learn and use.

Character Formatting

Key combinations. Table 6

Combination	Action
CTRL+SHIFT+F	Font selection
CTRL+SHIFT+P	Selecting font size
CTRL+D	Window for changing font format
SHIFT+F3	Changing the case of letters
CTRL+SHIFT+A	Convert all letters to uppercase and back
CTRL+B	Adding bold style
CTRL+U	Underline text
CTRL+SHIFT+W	Underline words but not spaces
CTRL+SHIFT+D	Double underline text
CTRL+SHIFT+H	Convert to hidden text
CTRL+I	Adding italics
CTRL+SHIFT+K	Convert all letters to small caps
CTRL+"=" (equal sign)	Convert to subscript
CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+X	Convert to superscript
CTRL+SPACEBAR	Removing additional formatting from selected characters
CTRL+SHIFT+Q	Designing selected characters in Symbol font
CTRL+SHIFT+8	Displaying non-printing characters
SHIFT+F1 (then click the text of interest)	Displaying character formatting information
CTRL+SHIFT+C	Copy formatting
CTRL+SHIFT+V	Paste formatting

Formatting Paragraphs

Key combinations. Table 7

Combination	Action
CTRL+0 (zero)	Increase or decrease the space before the current paragraph by one line
CTRL+E	Centering a paragraph
CTRL+J	Justify a paragraph
CTRL+L	Align a paragraph left
CTRL+R	Align a paragraph to the right
CTRL+M	Adding left padding
CTRL+SHIFT+M	Removing left indentation
CTRL+T	Creating a lip
CTRL+SHIFT+T	Reducing the protrusion
CTRL+Q	Remove additional formatting from selected paragraphs
CTRL+SHIFT+S	Applying a style
CTRL+SHIFT+N	Applying a style
CTRL+SHIFT+L	Applying a style

Editing and moving text and pictures

Key combinations. Table 8

Combination	Action
BACKSPACE	Deleting one character to the left of the cursor
CTRL+BACKSPACE	Delete one word to the left of the cursor
DEL	Deleting one character to the right of the cursor
CTRL+DEL	Delete one word to the right of the cursor
CTRL+X, SHIFT+DEL	Deleting a selection to the clipboard
CTRL+Z	Cancel action
CTRL+Y	Repeat action
F2, then move the cursor and press ENTER
SHIFT+DOWN ARROW	One line down
SHIFT+UP ARROW	One line up
CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW	Until the end of the paragraph
CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW	Before the beginning of the paragraph
SHIFT+PAGE DOWN	One screen down
SHIFT+PAGE UP	Up one screen
ALT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN	Until the end of the document
CTRL+SHIFT+HOME	Before the document begins
CTRL+A	Select entire document
CTRL+SHIFT+F8, then - cursor movement keys (to exit the mode - ESC key)	Select a vertical block of text
F8, then - cursor movement keys (to exit the mode - ESC key)	Select a specific fragment of a document

Work with documents

Key combinations. Table 10

Basic Windows hotkeys 1

So, in fact, it is. When an experienced user switches from one program to another, it is rarely difficult for him to master the new interface and new features. As a rule, everything that worked on old or other versions also works successfully with new software systems.

What is the reason? Very simple. The main attention is paid to the “friendliness” and understandability of the interface. Once in demand, proven technologies for using programs rarely undergo changes.

One of these tricks - “hot keys” in text editors such as MS Word, MS WordPad, OpenOffice.org and many others - requires a separate discussion due to their regular use.

There are several common keyboard shortcuts for managing files from application programs. These are Ctrl+N, Ctrl+O, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+Q. Let's look at the purpose of each combination separately.

To create a new document, be it a text file, an audio file or a video, in the appropriate program press Ctrl+N or select the desired menu item. To open an existing file, use the combination Ctrl+O.

Despite the ability to autosave, computer malfunctions can become a headache if the data you are editing is irretrievably lost. Therefore, it is good practice to periodically press Ctrl+S. This command saves the changes made. Sometimes there is a need to save data to another file, then the F12 key comes to the rescue.

You can print a document using the Ctrl+P command. Try using this combination and you will see that it is much easier than searching for the desired command with your mouse in the menu.

And, of course, to finish working with the program - a pleasant end to the working day - there are many options for hot keys. You can, for example, press Alt+F4 or Ctrl+W, which are standard commands for closing an application, or you can use a specially provided menu command or its hotkey - Ctrl+Q (in OpenOffice.org).

The name itself - a text editor - implies typing and editing texts. Therefore, it is worth looking at general purpose commands for editing documents in more detail.

Firstly, these are the standard operations “Cut”, “Paste”, “Copy”. Although they are described in all guides and articles (even on our website), I consider it necessary to repeat here.

So, to cut the selected object to the clipboard, press Ctrl+X or Shift+Del; to copy the selected object to the clipboard - Ctrl+C or Ctrl+Ins; to paste an object from the buffer - Ctrl+V or Shift+Ins.

Now let's talk about such an interesting feature of MS Word as working with vertical blocks of text. To understand what this is, consider an example where vertical and horizontal blocks are compared:

As a rule, most users do not even know what vertical blocks are and that all the same editing operations apply to them as for ordinary horizontal ones.

To switch to vertical block selection mode, press Ctrl+Shift+F8. Only then select the block with the mouse or the cursor keys. You can do it another way: select a block of text and simultaneously hold down the Alt key. Experiment with vertical blocks. I am sure that they will come in handy someday and will help you save a lot of time and effort.

Often the results of editing do not bring satisfaction from the work done, and you want to go back a step, or even several steps back. To do this, press Ctrl+Z. If you need to repeat the changes made, then there is a very convenient command - Ctrl+Y.

And finally: when working with documents you sometimes have to change the scale of the text. There is a special menu item for this, but it is much more convenient to turn the mouse wheel and simultaneously hold down the Ctrl key. Try it, I think you will like this simple technique.

Let's summarize:

operations with files: Ctrl+N, Ctrl+O, Ctrl+S, F12, Ctrl+P;

working with the clipboard: Ctrl+X, Ctrl +C, Ctrl+V, Ctrl+Z, Ctrl+Y, Shift+Ins, Shift+Del, Ctrl+Ins, Ctrl + selection - for a vertical block of text;

change the scale, display text: Ctrl + rotate the mouse wheel.

The document should look beautiful, so that it is pleasant to look at, so that all tables are neat, the most important thoughts are highlighted, so that there is nothing superfluous on the page and at the same time there are no unreasonably empty spaces. The ideal is not achievable, but there are a number of techniques that make it easier to change a document in order to, through trial and error, get at least a little closer to the cherished perfection.

Font effects play an important role in the perception of text. Let's look at some of them in more detail.

To underline a word, you need to select it and then simultaneously press the Ctrl+U key combination. In this case, both all characters of the selected text and the spaces between them will be underlined. To underline only words you need to use Ctrl+Shift+U. To select a block of text in italics, you can use the combination Ctrl+I. If, to increase clarity, it was decided to highlight some phrases in bold, then for this there is a convenient alternative to the mouse - Ctrl + B.

It is often necessary for a phrase to be typed in capital letters. The easiest way to do this is to immediately type in uppercase. However, it is not always possible to do everything correctly, so a special command was developed to convert a selected piece of text into upper or lower case - Shift+F3.

All the key combinations described above work as switches. This means that to return to the previous text input mode, you must press the same key combination again that changed the standard mode. For example, the Ctrl+U command will set the font attribute responsible for the underscore. To remove this attribute and return to the normal style, you must press Ctrl+U again.

Notes and footnotes are an integral part of any creative work. Of course, you can use the menu item of the same name to insert a footnote, but it is much easier to do this by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F.

To insert a page break, it is convenient to use Ctrl+Enter.

Some things can only be done if you use a mouse and keyboard at the same time. The most common example is smooth resizing of table cells. This is achieved by resizing the cell using the mouse and simultaneously pressing the Alt key.

It's no secret that text looks much better on a computer screen or in printed form when it is aligned in width. This alignment is achieved by increasing the length of the space between words. However, such behavior is not always justified. For example, you need to type a sentence that contains a surname and initials. If you put a simple space between them, then when aligning the initials may be located far away

from the surname, which is incorrect. To eliminate this effect, there is a special character - a fixed space. The easiest way to insert it is by pressing Ctrl+Shift+Spacebar at the same time.

So, let's summarize.

to change the font effect, use the commands: Ctrl+I, Ctrt+B, Ctrl+U, Ctrl+Shift+W;

to convert letters to uppercase: Shift+F3;

to set a fixed space: Ctrl+Shift+Space;

to break pages: Ctrl+Enter.

It is impossible to know all the keyboard shortcuts for quick access to menus to simplify basic text editing operations. But the main thing is different. The main thing is to learn to use the set of commands that are used most often than others. Each person will have a unique set. Of course, there will be similarities, but in general, everyone will plan their work with documents differently. Through trial and error, you can find how to quickly perform similar operations in order to save time and effort.

Basic Windows 2 hotkeys

Working in Windows can be made more efficient and faster if you use not only the mouse, but also use “hot keys” - special key combinations designed to simplify and speed up work. For example, few people know that the very often used Explorer (whether without it) is launched by simultaneously pressing Win + E. Agree, this is much more convenient!

Note

The Win key is located between the Ctrl and Alt keys on the left side (it has the Windows logo on it).

The Menu key is to the left of the right Ctrl.

The combination “key” + “key” means that you first press the first key, and then, while holding it, press the second.

General purpose hotkeys

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Open the Start menu
	Ctrl + Shift + Esc	Calling the "Task Manager"
		Launching Explorer
		Displaying the “Run program” dialog, analogous to “Start” - “Run”
		Minimize all windows or return to original state (switch)
		Locking a workstation
		Access Windows Help
		Opening the System Properties window
		Open file search window
		Open computer search window
		Take a screenshot of the entire screen
	Alt + Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the currently active window
		Switches between taskbar buttons
	Win + Shift + Tab
		Move between panels. For example, between the desktop and the Quick Launch panel
		Select everything (objects, text)

		Copy to clipboard (objects, text)
		Cut to clipboard (objects, text)
		Paste from clipboard (objects, text)
		Create a new document, project, or similar action. In Internet Explorer, this opens a new window with a copy of the contents
		current window.
		Call a file selection dialog to open a document, project, etc.
		Undo last action
		CD-ROM autorun lock (hold while the drive reads the newly inserted disc)
		Switch to full screen mode and back (switch; for example, in Windows Media Player or in a command interpreter window).

Work with text

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Select all
		Copy
		Cut
		Insert
		Moving through words in the text. Works not only in text editors. For example, it is very convenient to use in the address bar
		browser
		Text selection
	Ctrl + Shift + ←	Selecting text by words
	Ctrl + Shift + →

Move to the beginning or end of a line of text

Move to the beginning or end of the document

Working with files

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Displays the context menu of the current object (same as right-clicking).
		Calling “Object Properties”
		Renaming an object
	Drag with Ctrl	Copying an object
	Drag with Shift	Moving an object
	Drag with Ctrl + Shift	Create an object shortcut
	Ctrl clicks	Selecting multiple objects in random order
	Shift clicks	Selecting multiple adjacent objects
		Same as double clicking on an object
		Deleting an object
		Permanently deleting an object without placing it in the trash

Working in Explorer

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
	F3 or Ctrl + F	Show or hide the search bar in Explorer (switch).
		Navigation through the explorer tree, folding and unrolling of nested directories.
	+ (on numeric keypad)
	− (on numeric keypad)
	* (asterisk) (on numeric keypad)	Show all folders within a selected folder
		Refresh the Explorer or Internet Explorer window.

Working with Windows

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Calling the transition menu between windows and navigating through it
	Alt + Shift + Tab
		Switch between windows (in the order in which they were launched)
	Alt + Shift + Esc
		Switching between multiple windows of the same program (for example, between open WinWord windows)
		Closing the active window (running application). On the desktop - call the Windows shutdown dialog
		Closing the active document in programs that allow multiple documents to be opened simultaneously
		Calling the window menu
	Alt + − (minus)	Calling the system menu of a child window (for example, a document window)
		Exit a window menu or close an open dialog
		Call a menu command or open a menu column. The corresponding letters in the menu are usually underlined (either initially, or become
	Alt + letter	underlined after pressing Alt). If the menu column is already open, then to call the desired command you need to press the key with the letter,
		which is emphasized in this command
		Calling the window system menu
		Call application help.
		Scroll text vertically or move up and down paragraphs of text.

Working with Dialog Boxes

Working in Internet Explorer

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Displaying a list of the Address field
		Start another browser instance with the same web address
		Refresh the current web page
		Opens the Organize Favorites dialog box
		Opens the Search panel
		Starting the Search Utility
		Opens the Favorites panel
		Opens the Open dialog box
		Opens the Open dialog box, similar to CtrL+L
		Opens the Print dialog box
		Closing the current window
		Switch to full screen mode and back (works in some other applications as well).

Special abilities

Press the Shift key five times: Turn Sticky Keys on or off

Hold down the Right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Turn input filtering on or off

Hold down the Num Lock key for five seconds: Toggle voiceover on or off

Alt Left + Shift Left + Num Lock: Enable or disable keyboard pointer control

Alt Left + Shift Left + PRINT SCREEN: Toggle High Contrast on or off