M00 - stops program execution after completing the operations contained in the block. Stops spindle rotation and cooling flow. Saves all information accumulated in memory.

M01 - conditional stop of the program: if the three-letter code USO = 1 is entered from the keyboard, function M01 is interpreted by the control as M00; If the three-letter code USO = 0 is confirmed, function M01 is not taken into account.

M02 - determines the end of the program without rewinding the tape to the beginning.

M03 - spindle rotation clockwise.

M04 - spindle rotation counterclockwise.

M05 - stop the spindle and cooling supply. Performed after completing the operations contained in the frame.

M06 - tool replacement. Stops spindle rotation, cooling supply and program execution. Confirms the adjustments selected by the T function. Implementation becomes possible after the information contained in the block has been executed. Does not erase M03, M04, M08, M13, M14.

M07 - auxiliary cooling supply.

M08 - main cooling supply.

M09 - stop cooling. Performed after completing the operations contained in the frame.

M10 - blocking of linear and rotating axes. Using this function, axes that are not involved in the machining process are locked.

M11 - cancel M10.

M12 - blocking of rotating axes. Using this function, axes that are not involved in the machining process are locked.

M13 - spindle rotation clockwise and cooling supply.

M14 - spindle rotation counterclockwise and cooling supply.

M19 - stopping the spindle rotation with angular orientation is possible after the operations contained in the frame. Cancelled by functions M03, M04.

M30 - automatic RESET at the end of the program. Using the M30 function, all information located in the system’s dynamic buffer is erased. The following are automatically confirmed: starting point 0 and resuming the selected program. The tool adjustment in the spindle is not erased.

M40 - cancel the spindle rotation range.

M42-M43-M44 - activates the spindle rotation range 1-2-3-4.

M45 - automatic change of spindle rotation range.

M60 - replacement part.

With the help of a logic program, it is possible to define these functions in a different way by adding or subtracting them. Up to four M functions can be programmed in each block.

All M functions are erased by performing the “RESET, RESET” mode.

When encoding information, you should keep in mind that in the CNC in the initial (initial) state, certain values preparatory functions. These functions should not be programmed. They are introduced (indicated) into the program only if, during the course of the program, other functions were programmed that cancel the effect of the original ones. For example, in the NC201M CNC, the initial functions (entered into the CNC) are G00 (fast axis positioning), G17 (XY interpolation plane), G27 (Continuous machining mode with automatic speed deceleration at corners), G20 (Exit GTL program), G71( programming in millimeters), G80 (Canned cycle cancellation),

G40 Tool radius compensation cancel, G80 (Canned cycle cancel), G90 (Absolute programming), G95 (Feed rate in mm/rev or in/rev), G96 (Cutting speed in m/min or ft/min).

Russian-English translation of M-FUNCTION

Voskoboynikov B.S., Mitrovich V.L.. Russian-English dictionary of mechanical engineering and production automation. Russian-English dictionary of mechanical engineering and manufacturing automation. 2003

• Russian-English dictionaries →
• Russian-English dictionary of mechanical engineering and manufacturing automation

More meanings of the word and translation of M-FUNCTION from English into Russian in English-Russian dictionaries and from Russian into English in Russian-English dictionaries.

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2. Syntax for defining and calling M-functions .

The text of the M function must begin with header, followed by function body.

The header defines the "interface" of the function (the way to interact with it) and is structured as follows:

function [ RetVal1, RetVal2, ] = FunctionName(par1, par2,)

Here a function is declared (using the immutable "function" keyword) named FunctionName, which takes input parameters par1, par2,, and produces (calculates) output (return) values ​​RetVal1, RetVal2

In other words they say that function arguments are the variables par1, par2,.., and function values (they need to be calculated) are the variables RetVal1, RetVal2,.

The function name specified in the header (in the example given - FunctionName) should serve as the name of the file in which the function text will be written. For this example this will be the file FunctionName.m (the name extension must still consist of only one letter m). Mismatch between the function name and the file name is not allowed!

The body of the function consists of commands that calculate the return values. The function body follows the function header. The function head plus the function body together constitute the function definition.

Both input parameters and return values ​​can be in general arrays (in a particular case - scalars) of various dimensions and sizes. For example, the function MatrProc1

function [ A, B ] = MatrProc1(X1, X2, x)

A = X1 .* X2 * x;

B = X1 .* X2 + x;

is designed to “receive” two arrays of identical (but arbitrary) sizes and one scalar.

These arrays in the body of the function are first multiplied element by element, after which the result of such multiplication is also multiplied by a scalar. This creates the first of the output arrays. The identical sizes of the input arrays X1 and X2 guarantee the feasibility of the operation of their element-wise multiplication. The second output array (named B) differs from the first in that it is obtained by addition with a scalar (rather than multiplication).

Call created by us functions carried out from the command window of the MATLAB system (or from the text of any other function) in the usual way: the name of the function is written, after which the following are listed in parentheses, separated by commas actual inputs , with the values ​​of which calculations will be performed. Actual parameters can be specified by numbers (arrays of numbers), variable names that already have specific values, and expressions.

If the actual parameter is given by the name of some variable, then the actual calculations will be performed on a copy of that variable (rather than on itself). It is called transfer parameters by value .

Below is a call from the MATLAB command window to the MatrProc1 function we previously created for the example.

Here, the names of the actual input parameters (W1 and W2) and the variables in which the calculation results are written (Res1 and Res2) do not match the names of similar variables in the definition of the MatrProc1 function. Obviously, a match is not required, especially since the third input actual parameter has no name at all! To emphasize this possible difference, the names of the input parameters and output values ​​in a function definition are called formal.

In the considered example of calling the MatrProc1 function, from two input 2 x 2 square matrices, two output matrices Res1 and Res2 are obtained of exactly the same sizes:

Res1 =
9 6
6 6

Res2 =
6 5
5 5

By calling the function

MatrProc1 = MatrProc1([ 1 2 3; 4 5 6 ], [ 7 7 7; 2 2 2 ], 1);

with two input arrays of size 2x3, we get two output matrices of size 2x3. That is, the same MatrProc1 function can process input parameters of various sizes and dimensions! You can apply this function to scalars instead of arrays (these are still 1x1 arrays).

Now let's consider the question of whether this function can be used as part of expressions in the same way as is done with functions that return a single value? It turns out that this can be done, and the first value returned by the function is used as the function value used for further calculations. The following MATLAB window illustrates this point:

When called with parameters 1,2,1, the MatrProc1 function returns two values: 2 and 3. For use as part of an expression, the first of them is used.

Since calling any function can be done by writing an arbitrary expression in the MATLAB command window, you can always make a mistake associated with a mismatch of the types of actual and formal parameters. MATLAB does not perform any checks on this topic, but simply passes control to the function. As a result, erroneous situations may arise. To avoid (if possible) the occurrence of such erroneous situations, it is proposed in the text of the M-functions to check the input parameters. For example, in the MatrProc1 function it is easy to identify the situation when the sizes of the first and second input parameters are different. Writing such code requires control constructs that we have not yet explored. It's time to start studying them!

Auxiliary functions (or M-codes) are programmed using the address word M. Auxiliary functions are used to control the program and electrical automation of the machine - turning on/off the spindle, coolant, changing tools, etc.

Table 3.

Designation	Purpose
M00	Programmable stop
M01	Stop with confirmation
M02	End of the program
M03	Spindle rotation clockwise
M04	Spindle rotation counterclockwise
M05	Spindle stop
M06	Tool change
M08	Turn on cooling
M09	Cooling off
M17	Return from subroutine
M18	Positioning the spindle at a given angle
M19	Spindle orientation
M20	End of a repeating program section
M30	Stop and go to the beginning of the control program
M99	Continue execution of the first frame

Auxiliary functions that perform the inclusion of any operations ( M03, M04 And M08), are executed at the beginning of the block before movement commands. The remaining auxiliary functions are executed at the end of the block.

In table 3 is a list of commonly used helper functions.

2.1. Programmable stop (M00)

Unconditional stop of the control program after executing the movement contained in the current block. The state of the program does not change until the button is pressed again START on the control panel or keys TO THE BEGINING, to return to the beginning of the current program.

2.2. Stop with confirmation (M01)

Stopping the control program after executing the movement contained in the current block, provided that the mode is set “Stop with confirmation” from the control panel of the control system (see document MSHAK-CNC Operator's Manual).

Example:

X-2 X-4.

M1 ; Stop program execution on this block if

; mode set “Stop with confirmation” from the operator's console

2.3. End of program (M02)

Determines the end of the control program execution, stops the supply of coolant and stops the spindle rotation.

Example:

G0X20Z50 Z.5

G0 X0Z0 M2

2.4. Spindle rotation clockwise (M03)

Starts spindle rotation clockwise using the current value specified by word.

Example:

G54 G0 X-20 Z30 S500M3

2.5. Spindle rotation counterclockwise (M04)

Starts spindle rotation counterclockwise using the current value specified by word.

Example:

G54 G0 X-20 Z30 S1500M4

2.6. Spindle stop (M05)

Stops spindle rotation. Executed after the movements contained in the frame.

Example:

G28 X0 Z0 M5

G4 P2 M2

2.7. Tool change (M06)

Performs tool changes between the spindle and the tool magazine. According to this function the following happens:

· Positioning along the axes to the tool change point;

· Stopping spindle rotation and spindle orientation;

· Tool change.

Example:

T5 ; start searching for tool 5 in the store

X50 Z60 ; continuation of the program

M6; tool change

2.8. Enable cooling (M08)

Turns on the supply of cutting fluid (coolant).

Example:

S300M3X20Z30G0

G1X50Z44M8 ; Turn on coolant

G0Z-100

2.9. Cooling off (M09)

Turns off the supply of cutting fluid (coolant).

Example:

S300M3X20Z30G0 G1X50Z44 M9M5G0Z-100

2.10. Return from subroutine (M17)

Defines the end of a subroutine when it is called with an address word L.

Example:

X5Z5

; Main program

L10 ; Calling a subroutine starting from block N10 X2Z8

N10Z2; Subroutine with block mark N10 X10

M17; End of subroutine and return to main program

2.11. Spindle positioning (M18)

Using this function you can rotate the spindle to a specified angle

Format:

M18 Pnnn

Where: nnn – rotation angle +/- 360 degrees.

The rotation angle is measured relative to the spindle position to which the spindle is set using function M19.

Example:

M18 P45 ; spindle rotation 45 degrees

2.12. Spindle orientation (M19)

Helper function M19 stops the spindle rotation and performs its orientation.

2.13. End of a repeating program section (M20)

Determines the end of a repeating segment of a program when it is called by a word with an address H.

Example:

N10 H2 ; execute the program section up to M20 2 times

Currently, many programming languages ​​are used to program CNC systems, based on the universal ISO 7-bit language. However, each manufacturer brings its own features, which are implemented through preparatory (G-codes) and auxiliary (M-codes) functions.

Functions with address G- are called preparatory, they determine the operating conditions of the machine associated with programming the geometry of the tool movement. A detailed description of G-codes can be found in the chapter ISO 7 bit code.

In this chapter we will consider in detail the purpose of auxiliary functions.

Functions with address M- are called auxiliary(from English: Miscellaneous) and are designed to control various modes and devices of the machine.

Auxiliary functions can be used alone or in conjunction with other addresses, for example the block below installs tool number 1 into the spindle.

N10 T1 M6, where

T1– tool number 1;
M6– tool change;

In this case, under the M6 ​​command on the CNC stand there is a whole set of commands that ensure the process of tool replacement:

Moving the tool to the change position;
- turning off spindle speed;
- moving the installed tool in the store;
- tool replacement;

The use of M-codes is allowed in frames with tool movement, for example in the line below the cooling will turn on (M8) simultaneously with the start of the cutter movement.

N10 X100 Y150 Z5 F1000 M8

M-codes that turn on any machine device have a paired M code that turns off that device. For example,

M8– turn on cooling, M9– turn off the cooling;
M3– turn on the spindle speed, M5– turn off the speed;

It is allowed to use several M commands in one frame.

Accordingly, the more devices a machine has, the more M commands will be involved in its control.

Conventionally, all auxiliary functions can be divided into standard And special. Standard auxiliary functions are used by CNC manufacturers to control the devices found on each machine (spindle, cooling, tool change, etc.). Whereas special programs program modes on one specific machine or group of machines of a given model (on/off the measuring head, clamping/unclamping the rotary axes).

The picture above shows the rotating spindle of a multi-axis machine tool. To increase rigidity during positional processing, the machine is equipped with rotary axis clamps, which are controlled by M codes: M10/M12– enable clamps for axes A and C. M11/M13– turn off the clamps. On other equipment, the machine manufacturer can configure these commands to control other devices.

List of standard M commands

M0 – program stop;
M1 – stop on demand;
M2 – end of the program;
M3 – turn on the spindle rotation clockwise;
M4 – turn on the spindle rotation counterclockwise;
M5 – spindle stop;
M6 – automatic tool change;
M8 – turn on cooling (usually coolant);
M9 – turn off the cooling;
M19 – spindle orientation;
M30 – ending the program (usually with resetting all parameters);
M98 – subroutine call;
M99 – return from the subroutine to the main one;

The machine manufacturer describes special auxiliary functions in the corresponding technical documentation.