What is screen resolution, what types exist and how do they differ.
Screen resolution is one of the most important characteristics that every person who wants to buy an LCD TV in a store should take into account. household appliances. Resolution, which undoubtedly affects cost, is measured in pixels. The resolution designation is the ratio of the number of vertical pixels to horizontal pixels. Modern manufacturers invest huge amounts of money in the development of LCD TVs, whose screens would have the maximum high resolution.
Note that the manufacturer of the TV will not necessarily be the manufacturer of liquid crystal matrices. Different companies can purchase screens from the same manufacturing company, as a result of which we can observe the same matrices in different models.
Standardization
Of course, manufacturing companies must coordinate developments in terms of increasing the resolution of matrices. This is the only way to achieve stable operation of television broadcasting in all regions. This, in turn, allows manufacturers to sell their products in different countries Oh. To this end, international organizations have developed specialized standards for the development of technologies for high-definition television, and these standards are mandatory for all manufacturers and developers.
Resolutions of modern TV models
Standards for high-definition television were developed by the European international organization ETSI and the American international organization ATSC. In accordance with these standards, which allow TVs based on LCD technology to be compatible with all international regions, the following resolutions of LCD TVs are distinguished:
1. 720 rub. A standard for a resolution of 1280*720 pixels, characterized by an aspect ratio of 16:9, frame rates of 50 and 60 Hz, and progressive scan.
2. 1080i. The standard is for a resolution of 1920*1080 pixels, with an aspect ratio of 16:9, interlaced scanning, and frame rates of 25 and 30 frames per second.
3. 1080r. Standard for 1920*1080 resolution with frame rates from 24 to 60 Hz, 16:9 aspect ratio and progressive scan.
Main Differences
As you understand, modern television signal decomposition standards for different countries were created in an effort to achieve maximum image quality when transmitting a signal over a distance. The main characteristics of signal decomposition are the type of frame scanning, frame frequency and number of lines.
Among the main television standards for transmitting television signals, the European standards PAL/SECAM can be particularly highlighted. In the USA the standard is NTSC. European standard provides 625 lines, and the American one has 100 lines less. It is necessary to take into account that the standards were developed even when the first CRT televisions for mass consumption appeared. For example, on CRT TVs, all 625 lines of the resulting image are not used. In a system of deflecting coils, it is necessary to provide not only the time during which the beam travels to the source, but also the reverse time of the beam's movement, so the visible frame is actually formed from only 576 lines. This fact formed the basis for standardized permission for digital television, whose value is 720*576.
If we talk about the frame rate, then for old television receivers it was determined by the frequency of the current in the electrical network of a certain region. So, in America the frequency of the current was 60 Hz, while in Europe it was 50 Hz. This fact greatly facilitated the work on creating television scan generators.
Despite the fact that the standards were developed a long time ago, they are still adhered to today, since new TVs must be compatible with older models. For digital television receivers, that is, for LCD and plasma televisions, no restrictions are required, which is explained by certain design features. Thus, the new HDTV standard, developed for high-definition television, is based exclusively on digital transmission of television signals. To create service pulses, it does not need to use lines, as a result of which the number of lines in the name of the standard determines the number of lines forming the image. The HDTV standard can be generated with 720 or 1080 lines, with progressive or interlaced scanning and frame rates of 50 and 60 Hz.
Standards are indicated by an entry that specifies the number of signal lines, interlaced (i) or progressive (p) scanning, as well as the frame rate, which can be written separated by a slash.
Interlace scanning - preliminary updating of even lines with subsequent updating of odd lines in another half-frame. Progressive scan – recording all lines of an image on one screen simultaneously. As you can imagine, progressive scan produces higher quality images.
The following types of television signal decomposition are distinguished, which have been used since the beginning of the development of modern television:
1. Low-definition television LDTV, standard 240p and 288p;
2. Standard definition television SDTV, standard 576i for PAL and 480i for NTSC;
3. High definition television EDTV, standards 480p, 576p and 720p;
4. High-definition television HDTV, 1080i and 1080p standards;
5. Television ultra high definition UHDTV, 4320p standard.
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Screen resolution- this is the number of vertical and horizontal points that make up the screen. A dot is called a pixel, and therefore resolution is measured in pixels. For example, 800x600 means that 600 pixels fit horizontally on the device’s screen, and 800 vertically.
The higher the screen resolution, the more detailed picture available:
And the clearer the small text inscriptions will look:
In addition to screen resolution, it is also important to consider its size. For example, a resolution of 480x360 on a smartphone with a screen up to 3.2” will be optimal for work - it’s convenient to read text, and photos will be clearer and more realistic when viewed. But on displays from 3.3" and higher with the same resolution, the angularity of images and rough outlines of text will already be noticeable (as in the pictures above).
For convenience, we have made a summary table showing the display quality for various screen diagonals - depending on the resolution used in them:
It is important to remember that using high resolution screens reduces the time battery life devices.
Examples of screen resolutions for various devices
Navigators
The display resolution of navigators varies from standard 320 x 240 px. to widescreen 800 x 480 px.
PDAs and smartphones
The display resolution of a PDA or smartphone can be 240 x 320 px. or 480 x 640 px.(VGA resolution). The first is standard, but the second makes the screen more comfortable to work with, since more information is placed on the display and it looks clearer.
Laptops
There are many options for laptop screen resolution:
- SXGA (Super XGA) - screen resolution 1280x1024 pixels. (aspect ratio 5:4).
- SXGA+ - screen resolution 1400x1050 pixels. (4:3 aspect ratio).
- UXGA (Ultra XGA) - screen resolution 1600x1200 pixels. (4:3 aspect ratio).
- WXGA (Wide XGA) - screen resolution 1280x800 pixels. (16:10 aspect ratio). Most common in laptops with a 15.4-inch display.
- WXGA+ - screen resolution 1440x900 pixels. (16:10 aspect ratio).
- WSXGA+ (Wide SXGA+) - screen resolution 1680x1050 pixels. (16:10 aspect ratio).
- WUXGA (Wide Ultra XGA) - screen resolution 1920x1200 pixels. (16:10 aspect ratio).
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When creating a website, monitor resolution statistics are important information for web technologist, web designer and web developer.
Because, knowing what screen resolutions are currently used, the designer will create a website layout in such a way that it looks most advantageous for the target audience. And the layout designer, relying on the statistics of the monitors used, will be able to take into account the limits within which the site should stretch if it is rubber and done correctly responsive template for WordPress.
These values may not be 100% correct, but in any case, data collected by analytical systems over ten years clearly shows usage trends screen resolutions. Although the average user may have a lower screen resolution.
As you can see in the graph (clickable) for a quarter of RuNet users, the most popular monitor screen resolutions are 1920×1080 and 1366×768 pixels.
Monitor resolution statistics
Statistics archive for January 2000–2017
| January | High | 1920×1080 | 1366×768 | 1280×1024 | 1280×800 | 1024×768 | 800×600 | Low |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 31.6% | 17% | 35% | 5% | 4% | 3% | ||
| 2016 | 30.7% | 18% | 35% | 6% | 4% | 3% | ||
| 2015 | 32.7% | 16% | 33% | 7% | 5% | 4% | 0.3% | 2% |
| 2014 | 34% | 13% | 31% | 8% | 7% | 6% | 0.5% | 0.5% |
| 2013 | 36% | 11% | 25% | 10% | 8% | 9% | 0.5% | 0.5% |
| 2012 | 35% | 8% | 19% | 12% | 11% | 13% | 1% | 1% |
| 2011 | 50% | 6% | 15% | 14% | 14% | 0% | 1% | |
| 2010 | 39% | 2% | 18% | 17% | 20% | 1% | 3% | |
| 2009 | 57% | 36% | 4% | 3% | ||||
| 2008 | 38% | 48% | 8% | 6% | ||||
| 2007 | 26% | 54% | 14% | 6% | ||||
| 2006 | 17% | 57% | 20% | 6% | ||||
| 2005 | 12% | 53% | 30% | 5% | ||||
| 2004 | 10% | 47% | 37% | 6% | ||||
| 2003 | 6% | 40% | 47% | 7% | ||||
| 2002 | 6% | 34% | 52% | 8% | ||||
| 2001 | 5% | 29% | 55% | 11% | ||||
| 2000 | 4% | 25% | 56% | 15% |
The following tables provide an archive of statistics on the use of high-resolution monitors.
Statistics of very high resolution monitor screens, 2010–2014
Statistics for January 2014
Statistics for January 2013
Question from a user
Hello.
I had an error with the image... One game was launched, for some reason the error suddenly appeared: "... that the AMD video driver was stopped due to...", and then I noticed that everything on the monitor screen became large .
Also, if earlier I could place a hundred shortcuts on the desktop, now there are already 10 - and almost half of the space is gone! How so, what needs to be done to return everything to its previous state?
Anatoly.
Good time everyone!
This happens due to the fact that the optimal screen resolution (in your case, the video driver may have crashed, and because of this the resolution has gone down).
Actually, if you explain in simple words, That screen resolution- this is the number of points along which the picture is built on the monitor. Of course, the more dots, the clearer and more accurate the contours of the image.
Each monitor has its own optimal resolution, which, in most cases, is worth choosing (if you set the resolution higher than the recommended one, then the text and some elements will become too small and difficult to read, if less than the recommended one, everything on the screen will become large, like from the author of the question).
So, let's get down to business...
Ratio to screen diagonal
In general, as I said above, each monitor has its own optimal resolution, which (usually) is what Windows sets by default (at least if you have all necessary drivers). In some cases this doesn't happen...
Permission is related to monitor diagonal . The larger the diagonal, the higher the resolution, as a rule. If anyone doesn’t know, the diagonal is measured in inches (1 inch = 2.53 cm).
What is diagonal and how is it measured (1 inch = 2.53 cm)
Just below I have given a table that relates the diagonal of the monitor and its resolution (please note that the numbers are relative (although this is most often the case), because each manufacturer sets its own parameters).
| Diagonal | Permission | Designation | Format (aspect ratio) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15.0 | 1024x768 | XGA | 4:3 |
| 15.6 (laptop) | 1366x768 | HD | 16:9 |
| 17.0 | 1280x1024 | SXGA | 5:4 |
| 17.0 | 1440x900 | WXGA+ | 16:10 |
| 17.3
(laptop) |
1600:900 or | Full HD | 16:9 |
| 19.0 | 1280x1024 | SXGA | 5:4 |
| 19.0 | 1440x900 | WXGA+ | 16:10 |
| 20.1 | 1400x1050 | SXGA+ | 4:3 |
| 20.1 | 1680x1050 | WSXGA+ | 16:10 |
| 20.1 | 1600x1200 | UXGA | 4:3 |
| 20.8 | 2048x1536 | QXGA | 4:3 |
| 21.0 | 1680x1050 | WSXGA+ | 16:10 |
| 21.3 | 1600x1200 | UXGA | 4:3 |
| 22.0 | 1680x1050 | WSXGA+ | 16:10 |
| 22.2 | 3840x2400 | WQUXGA | 16:10 |
| 23.0 | 1920x1200 | WUXGA | 16:10 |
| 24.0 | 1920x1200 | WUXGA | 16:10 |
| 26.0 | 1920x1200 | WUXGA | 16:10 |
| 27.0 | 1920x1200 | WUXGA | 16:10 |
| 30.0 | 2560x1600 | WQXGA+ | 16:10 |
Also, monitors can have different aspect ratios (square-shaped, elongated rectangular, etc.). The table below just links the resolution to the aspect ratio.
Setting the optimal resolution
By the way, to find out the current monitor resolution, you can use online services:
Important!
If you don't have video driver icons in the tray, desktop, or panel Windows management- most likely you do not have video drivers.
Also, if they are not there, you will not be able to change the resolution (there will simply not be an optimal option in the list). Until you install new drivers (or update the “old ones”), the problem cannot be fixed.
I have a detailed article on updating video adapter drivers on my blog, I recommend you read it:
In the IntelHD video driver (nVidia, AMD)
This is one of the most simple ways quickly change many screen parameters: resolution, brightness, contrast, color scheme, sweep frequency, etc.
If you have a video driver installed, then you just need to use the tray icon next to the clock (or click right click mouse anywhere on the desktop). In my case it is IntelHD, in yours it may also be AMD (Ati Radeon) or nVidia (GeForce).
In the settings, as a rule, you need to open the main parameters section (in IntelHD this is “Basic Settings”. In general, many parameters and menu variations depend on the version of your video driver: all possible options to provide in the article is unrealistic ☺).
You need to alternately change the resolution - choose the one that is most convenient and comfortable for work. Focus first on what is recommended. If the elements on the screen are too small, try moving the resolution down 1-2 points, making it a little smaller.
On Windows 7
If you have Windows 7, then you just need to right-click on any free space on the desktop, and select “Screen Resolution” in the menu that appears, see the screenshot below.
Next, in the “Resolution” tab, you can see what you currently have selected and what else you can set. The optimal resolution is usually marked as “Recommended” (see screenshot below). Most often, they choose either the best option or 1-2 points lower (so that the picture and text on the screen are larger, important for monitors with a large diagonal).
Screen customization in Windows 7
On Windows 8/10
Press a combination of buttons Win+R, then enter the command desk.cpl and press Enter. See screenshot below.
Next, the “Screen” section will open and you can change many parameters: brightness, text (font) size, resolution, etc. Open additional settings, see what resolutions you can set (see example below).
By the way, if you don’t have such a list, and the optimal resolution is not indicated at all, most likely (as I said above) you simply don’t have a video driver. Try updating it (I provided the link to the article above).
Important!
If you have an old one CRT monitor(these are so thick ☺, there are few of them now, but they are used in some places) - be sure to check sweep frequency (measured in Hz).
This parameter should not be less than 85 Hz (at 60 Hz, the flickering of the monitor is very noticeable, which causes discomfort and). It's even better if you set it to 100 Hz.
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