Among the many arithmetic operations that the program can perform Microsoft Excel, of course, there is also multiplication. But, unfortunately, not all users know how to correctly and fully use this opportunity. Let's figure out how to perform the multiplication procedure in Microsoft program Excel.
Like any other arithmetic operation in Excel, multiplication is performed using special formulas. Multiplication operations are written using the “*” sign.
Multiplying ordinary numbers
Microsoft Excel can be used as a calculator and you can simply multiply different numbers in it.
In order to multiply one number by another, enter the equal sign (=) into any cell on the sheet, or into the formula bar. Next, indicate the first factor (number). Then, put the multiply sign (*). Then, write the second factor (number). So the general multiplication pattern would look like this: "=(number)*(number)".
The example shows the multiplication of 564 by 25. The action is written by the following formula: "=564*25".
To view the calculation result, you need to press the key ENTER.
During calculations, you need to remember that the priority of arithmetic operations in Excel is the same as in ordinary mathematics. But the multiplication sign must be added in any case. If, when writing an expression on paper, it is possible to omit the multiplication sign before the brackets, then in Excel, for correct calculation, it is required. For example, the expression 45+12(2+4) in Excel should be written as follows: "=45+12*(2+4)".
Cell by cell multiplication
The procedure for multiplying a cell by a cell comes down to the same principle as the procedure for multiplying a number by a number. First of all, you need to decide in which cell the result will be displayed. We put an equal sign (=) in it. Next, click one by one on the cells whose contents need to be multiplied. After selecting each cell, put a multiplication sign (*).
Multiplying column by column
In order to multiply column by column, you immediately need to multiply the topmost cells of these columns, as shown in the example above. Then, stand on the lower left corner of the filled cell. A fill marker appears. Drag it down with the left mouse button held down. Thus, the multiplication formula is copied to all cells in the column.
After this, the columns will be multiplied.
Similarly, you can multiply three or more columns.
Multiplying a cell by a number
In order to multiply a cell by a number, as in the examples described above, first of all, put an equal sign (=) in the cell in which you intend to display the answer of arithmetic operations. Next, you need to write down the numerical factor, put the multiplication sign (*), and click on the cell that you want to multiply.
To display the result on the screen, click on the button ENTER.
However, you can perform the actions in a different order: immediately after the equal sign, click on the cell that you want to multiply, and then, after the multiplication sign, write down the number. After all, as you know, the product does not change when the factors are rearranged.
In the same way, you can, if necessary, multiply several cells and several numbers at once.
Multiplying a column by a number
In order to multiply a column by a specific number, you need to immediately multiply the cell by this number, as described above. Then, using the fill marker, copy the formula to the lower cells and get the result.
Multiplying a column by a cell
If in specific cell If there is a number by which the column should be multiplied, for example, there is a certain coefficient there, then the above method will not work. This is due to the fact that when copying, the range of both multipliers will shift, and we need one of the multipliers to be constant.
First, we multiply the first cell of the column in the usual way by the cell that contains the coefficient. Next, in the formula we put a dollar sign in front of the coordinates of the column and row of the cell reference with the coefficient. In this way, we turned the relative link into an absolute one, the coordinates of which will not change when copied.
Now all that remains is to copy the formula to other cells using the fill marker in the usual way. As you can see, the finished result appears immediately.
PRODUCT function
Except the usual way multiplication, in Excel it is possible to use a special function for these purposes PRODUCT. You can call it in the same ways as any other function.
The function template for manual input is as follows: "=PRODUCT(number (or cell reference); number (or cell reference);...)". That is, if, for example, we need to multiply 77 by 55, and multiply by 23, then we write the following formula: "=PRODUCT(77,55,23)". To display the result, click on the button ENTER.
When using the first two options for using a function (using the Function Wizard or the "Formulas"), an arguments window will open in which you need to enter arguments in the form of numbers or cell addresses. This can be done by simply clicking on the desired cells. After entering the arguments, click on the button "OK", to perform calculations and display the result on the screen.
As you can see, in Excel there are a large number of options for using such an arithmetic operation as multiplication. The main thing is to know the nuances of applying multiplication formulas in each specific case.
Multiplying and dividing in Excel is easy, but you need to create a simple formula to do it. Just remember that all formulas in Excel begin with an equal sign (=), and you can use the formula bar to create them.
Multiply numbers
Let's say you want to figure out how much bottled water that you need for a customer conference (total attendees × 4 days × 3 bottles per day) or the reimbursement travel cost for a business trip (total miles × 0.46). There are several ways to multiply numbers.
Multiply numbers in a cell
To do this task, use the * (asterisk) arithmetic operator.
For example, if you type =5*10 in a cell, the cell displays the result, 50 .
Multiply a column of numbers by a constant number
Suppose you want to multiply each cell in a column of seven numbers by a number that is contained in another cell. In this example, the number you want to multiply by is 3, contained in cell C2.
Type =A2*$B$2 in a new column in your spreadsheet (the above example uses column D). Be sure to include a $ symbol before B and before 2 in the formula, and press ENTER.
Note: Using $ symbols tells Excel that the reference to B2 is "absolute," which means that when you copy the formula to another cell, the reference will always be to cell B2. If you didn"t use $ symbols in the formula and you dragged the formula down to cell B3, Excel would change the formula to =A3*C3, which wouldn"t work, because there is no value in B3.
Drag the formula down to the other cells in the column.
Note: Excel 2016 for Windows, the cells are populated automatically.
Multiply numbers in different cells by using a formula
You can use the PRODUCT function to multiply numbers, cells, and ranges.
You can use any combination of up to 255 numbers or cell references in the PRODUCT function. For example, the formula =PRODUCT(A2,A4:A15,12,E3:E5,150,G4,H4:J6) multiplies two single cells (A2 and G4), two numbers (12 and 150), and three ranges (A4:A15, E3:E5, and H4:J6).
Divide numbers
Let"s say you want to find out how many person hours it took to finish a project (total project hours ÷ total people on project) or the actual miles per gallon rate for your recent cross-country trip (total miles ÷ total gallons) There are several ways to divide numbers.
Divide numbers in a cell
To do this task, use the / (forward slash) arithmetic operator.
For example, if you type =10/5 in a cell, the cell displays 2 .
Important: Be sure to type an equal sign ( = ) in the cell before you type the numbers and the / operator; otherwise, Excel will interpret what you type as a date. For example, if you type 7/30, Excel may display 30-Jul in the cell. Or, if you type 12/36, Excel will first convert that value to 12/1/1936 and display 1-Dec in the cell.
Divide numbers by using cell references
Instead of typing numbers directly in a formula, you can use cell references, such as A2 and A3, to refer to the numbers that you want to divide and divide by.
Example:
The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.
How to copy an example
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Description (Result) |
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Divides 15000 by 12 (1250) |
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Divide a column of numbers by a constant number
Suppose you want to divide each cell in a column of seven numbers by a number that is contained in another cell. In this example, the number you want to divide by is 3, contained in cell C2.
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Constant |
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Type =A2/$C$2 in cell B2. Be sure to include a $ symbol before C and before 2 in the formula.
Drag the formula in B2 down to the other cells in column B.
Note: Using $ symbols tells Excel that the reference to C2 is "absolute," which means that when you copy the formula to another cell, the reference will always be to cell C2. If you didn"t use $ symbols in the formula and you dragged the formula down to cell B3, Excel would change the formula to =A3/C3, which wouldn"t work, because there is no value in C3.
In Russia, a similar question usually arises periodically, along with rising inflation or changes in the ruble exchange rate :)For example, you have a price list and you need to increase prices by a few percent. You can do this through intermediate calculations using formulas in a free column, then copy the result and paste it instead of the original prices using special insert like values and delete formulas, but it's easier and faster to do it in place. So here's how it's done:
1. In any free cell, write the amount by which we will change prices. In the example, I took a price increase of 5%, that is, multiplying existing prices by 1.05
2. Copy the cell with the entered value and select the price list cells with prices 
3. Click the right mouse button and from the appeared context menu select "Paste Special" 
5. Done! Don't forget to delete the originally entered price adjustment amount, otherwise your customers will be unhappy;) 
You can also perform other mathematical operations with a range: divide, sum, subtract.
Excel is a popular program for working with basic accounting, reports and other work files. Despite the fact that courses on mastering this software are taught both at school and in higher education institutions, many people forget how to use the application’s functions. In this article, we will analyze the program options in detail and learn how to multiply a column by a column and a number in Excel.
Multiply by Column
You need to quickly multiply one column by another when calculating the total costs of certain goods. For example, the first column may indicate the quantity of building materials, and the second column may indicate the price per unit of goods. The resulting numbers will help you find out the costs for all types of products.
How to multiply column by column in Excel
If you follow this guide, you will be able to calculate the total accurately.
- We create a third column where the product of numbers will be displayed. You can give it an appropriate name - “Work”.
- Select the top (empty) line of the third column. Enter the “=” sign, then write “PRODUCT”. This is a multiplication command.
- After “PRODUCT”, brackets will open in the third column line. They will display which cells are multiplied with each other. To insert their numbers into brackets, you need to highlight them with the cursor. Press "Enter".
- The third column will display the product of the numbers from the selected cells.
Moving from the first line of the third column to the second, third and repeating steps 2-3 is too long. To avoid wasting time and multiplying each row separately, follow these steps:
- Select the product of the first line (which was obtained as a result of steps 2-3 from the instructions above). A green frame will appear around the cell with the work, and a square will appear in the lower right corner of this frame.
- Hold the square with the left mouse button, and then move the cursor down, all the way to the bottom cell of the third column. When the green frame highlights the rest of the third column, release the left button.
- The third column will contain the multiplied numbers from the second and third columns.
This is the first method, which is suitable for beginners. Important nuance: If, after multiplying, “###” signs appear instead of numbers in the last column, this indicates that the numbers are too long for the cell. To display them correctly, the column is stretched.
There is a second way. Let's assume that you need to multiply one column by another and find out the sum of the resulting products. This is logical if, for example, you are making a shopping list. How to do it?
- Create a separate cell where the sum of products will be displayed.
- Go to the “Toolbar” at the top of the screen, select “Functions”.
- In the pop-up menu, click on the line “Other functions”, select “Mathematical” from the list that appears.
- From the list mathematical functions Click on the “SUMPRODUCT” option. The sum of the columns multiplied by each other will appear in the previously selected cell.
Next, you need to select the range of cells that are multiplied among themselves. They can be entered manually: array 1, that is, the first column is B2:B11, array 2, that is, the second column is C2:C11. You can also select cells using the cursor, as in the algorithm above.
Those who have learned Excel functions do not use the panel, but immediately put the “=” sign in the desired cell, and then the “SUMPRODUCT” command.
Multiplying by a number
Even a novice user can figure out how to multiply a column by a number in Excel. This product can be calculated in a few clicks.
The main way to multiply an entire column by one number in Excel.
- In a free cell, enter the number by which you want to multiply the column. For example, it is necessary to reduce the prices of goods taking into account a 10% discount. Then you need to enter the number 0.9 into the cell.
- Copy a cell with a number using the keyboard shortcut “Ctrl and C”.
- Select the column with the values that need to be multiplied by the number.
- Click on the selected column right click mice.
- Select Paste Special from the pop-up menu.
- From the list of functions, click on the “Multiply” command. Click "OK" at the bottom of the pop-up menu.
- The result of the operation will be displayed.
There is another method for multiplying a column by a number in Excel. It is suitable for professionals who constantly work with numbers. To carry out the operation, download a special add-on “Arithmetic Operations”. It is easy to find in the public domain for any version of the program.
After setting the setting, multiplication by a number is carried out using a simplified algorithm.
- Use the cursor to highlight the cells that need to be multiplied by the number.
- Click on add-on.
- A pop-up window will appear. In it you need to select an action, in this case “*” (the “Multiply” command), and after it specify a number.
- There is no need to click on “OK” or other buttons to receive the work. The result will appear in the columns automatically.
After mastering these instructions, even New user learn to confidently multiply numbers in Excel.
As is known, Microsoft Office Excel is an excellent program for analyzing information and creating databases. Due to its powerful mathematical apparatus, the editor allows you to solve complex problems in a short period of time. A library of engineering, statistical, financial and other functions expands the program's capabilities. Inexperienced users use only the simplest mathematical operators of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Today we will tell you how the multiplication formula works in Excel.
To multiply numbers together, just put an asterisk * between two values.
In this case, excel works like a regular calculator. But in practice it is convenient to use table addressing. The formula for multiplying cells is as follows:
Important! This recording principle is basic, and the presence of an asterisk is prerequisite, because the editor does not recognize the multiplication operation and throws an error.
Consider some examples of multiplying different elements.
- There is a column with employee salaries and the same bonus amount for everyone; you need to calculate the final payment.
Here we multiply the column by a percentage and add the original to it wages. The formula will look like this:
Please note that there is an absolute link inside that fixes the bonus percentage for calculation. To make such a link, you need to put a dollar sign or use the F4 button on your keyboard. Let's use the autocomplete handle to apply the formula to the entire column.
On a note! To multiply by one cell, be sure to use absolute references.
- There is a column with the number of fruits and a column with their price. You need to know the lot price for each item.
To solve this problem you need to multiply column by column. In the cell, write down the formula for ordinary cell multiplication.
Then you drag the autocomplete marker down and get the result for each line.
You can multiply three, four or more columns in the same way. First you do the calculation for one position, and then apply the function for the entire column.
Function
The editor has a special function for performing multiplication.
PRODUCT – this is the name of the multiplication formula, which is built into the standard set of mathematical excel functions. The tool's arguments are filled with either numbers or cell references.
To insert a function, you can use several methods:
- Via the Fx button. At the first stage, select a formula, and then enter the required number of arguments. In this case, the final result is immediately displayed in the argument selection window. Confirm the action by pressing the OK button.
The principle of operation of the function is exactly the same as with manual multiplication, but you do not need to put an asterisk.
As you can see, multiplication is implemented in Excel in several ways. It is necessary to have a general understanding of this mathematical operation, and the solution for each specific problem will be individual.
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