Almost all home devices, from phones to laptops, are equipped with their own microphone for communication. Particularly zealous fans of programs such as Skype or Mail Agent even buy themselves stationary microphones to improve communication with subscribers. Separately standing devices, wireless headsets, mechanisms built into the body - today a microphone can take on the most bizarre shapes. However, like all devices, it can break unexpectedly, which is why it will be useful for everyone to learn how to make a microphone from headphones.
In most cases, owners simply dispose of the failed electrical appliance and go shopping for a new one. But there is no need to rush in this matter, because anyone can assemble a microphone from ordinary headphones. To turn your phone headphones into a high-quality microphone for your computer, you will need to prepare suitable materials, namely:
- headphones from any brand, the simplest included headphones from your phone will do;
- 3.5 mm plug, better known as “jack”;
- high-quality wires for connections (carefully examine their integrity, do not damage the insulating material);
- soldering iron of sufficient power;
- sufficient amount of solder, rosin.
You can choose one of two options. You can use the headphones directly, or you can turn them into a full-fledged headset. The procedure will not take you much time and will not cause difficulties.
First way
Making a microphone out of old headphones is the most economical way out of the situation. Upon completion of the work, you will be able to receive not only a new device, but also breathe life into “junk” that no one needs. First you will have to do some soldering work.
If you strictly followed the instructions and did not overdo it with solder, which could cause a short circuit at the solder points, then when you connect the headset to the laptop, you will hear light clicks. This means that the microphone is working normally.
Second way
This is a much less effort and resource-intensive way to create a microphone at home. To do this you will need a telephone, computerBluetooth adapter and headphones included.
Connect mobile device with a computer via Bluetooth connection. Connect the headset to the phone jack and you will get a working microphone. This method will allow you to quickly restore a lost connection, but it is not recommended to use it on an ongoing basis.
This scheme is used as a temporary replacement when there is no time or money to purchase a good microphone.
Such a system is characterized by instability, because the Bluetooth connection can be interrupted at the most unexpected moment. Added to this is the need to constantly monitor the battery charge in your phone. Connecting it to an outlet will add more wires, which may make it difficult to use.
As you can see, from ordinary telephone headphones, which are included with most models, you can make an excellent headset for communication. Of course, it will never replace a real microphone. DIY devices can significantly inferior in quality transmitted sound to factory analogues. However, with quality parts on hand, you can try to build a real microphone.
You will need
- - shielded audio cable;
- - high-impedance earphone;
- - low-impedance science recorder (can be from a voice recorder or player);
- - radio broadcast speaker;
- - sound transformer;
- - soldering iron;
- - rosin;
- - tin;
- - electrical tape;
Instructions
The microphone can be made from a high-impedance earphone, which is used in headphones. To do this, connect it using a shielded cable to the corresponding connector of the amplifier or mixing console. This microphone is quite suitable for broadcasting or recording speech. But the quality will not be sufficient for recording or amplifying a piece of music. If you want a high-quality wideband microphone, make it from a broadcast speaker.
Take the radio broadcast speaker and open its case. Inside, in addition to the speaker itself, you will also see an output speaker and a transformer, as well as a variable resistance resistor. You don't need the resistor now, so unsolder it from the circuit and remove it from the case. Connect the speaker to the transformer directly.
Unsolder the plug and wire from the high-resistance winding of the transformer and in their place connect the shielded wire with the appropriate connector for inclusion to the microphone jack of the recording or amplifying device.
This microphone could be improved somewhat. For example, you can screen it. Cover the inner surface of the broadcast speaker housing with foil or foil paper. You can use, for example, foil from cigarette packs. Make electrical contact between this shield and the audio cable's braided shield, for example using a screw and a terminal strip. This will get rid of interference from external electromagnetic fields.
The sound quality of such a microphone can also be improved. Connect a custom RC filter in series with the high-resistance winding of the transformer. This filter consists of a 510 pF capacitor and a 1 mOhm variable resistor connected in parallel. Attach the resistor to the front panel of the radio in the place of the previously removed volume control. Solder the filter and, having connected it to the amplifier, select the filter resistance according to best quality sound.
In a circuit with a matching transformer, you can use any low-impedance speaker, as well as the output transformer from any tube receiver. Instead of a speaker, you can use low-impedance headphones, including from telephone set or player. If you take a miniature earphone from a player, then the entire structure can be made portable by placing it in metal tube the earphone itself and designing it as a cord microphone. In this case, place the step-up transformer in close proximity to the amplifier. All connections in this design are made with shielded wire.
It’s very difficult to get by without a computer microphone these days; you can’t use it without it. voice search, you won’t be able to chat with a friend via video call. However, not all computers have built-in microphones, and moreover, they often do not have very good sensitivity. You can solve this problem quite simply - assemble the microphone yourself.
Scheme
The circuit is extremely simple, containing only two resistors, two capacitors, a transistor and an electret microphone capsule. Almost any low-power transistor can be used n-p-n structures, for example, KT3102, BC547, BC337. Electret microphone You can get it, for example, in a broken headset, handset, or buy it at a radio parts store. The sensitivity of the microphone will greatly depend on this element, so it is advisable to take several and check which one is best suited. The advantage of this circuit is that it uses phantom power. Those. sound signal transmitted over the same wires as power. If you take a voltmeter and measure the voltage at the microphone input of your computer, it will be about 3-4 volts. When connecting the microphone circuit, this voltage should drop to a level of 0.6-0.7 volts, thus, an external power source will not be needed and unnecessary wires will not be in the workplace.
Circuit assembly
The circuit contains a minimum of parts, so it can be assembled by hanging installation. But, sticking to tradition, I etched a miniature printed circuit board. You can even draw paths with a marker or nail polish. A few photos of the process:
Download the board:
(downloads: 206)
A microphone capsule is soldered on one end of the board, and a shielded wire on the other. Please note that the wire must have a shield, otherwise the microphone will produce terrible noise. The braid of the wire is soldered to the negative, and the two inner cores are connected and soldered to the output of the circuit. It is imperative to maintain the polarity of the microphone capsule, otherwise the circuit will not work. One of its outputs goes to minus, and the second to plus. Determining the polarity is very simple - you need to ring the terminals with the metal body of the capsule. The terminal that connects to the housing is negative.
Microphone assembly
For ease of use, a board with soldered parts must be placed in a suitable housing. Because Since the board has a narrow, elongated shape, you can use an ordinary ballpoint pen as a body. To do this, you need to remove the writing rod from it and check whether the board is the right width. If the circuit is assembled by hanging installation, then it can be given any shape and there will be no problems with capacity. In addition to a pen, any elongated object will work well, be it a marker or a simple plastic tube.Let's start with the components.
1) Capsule
2) Sound card
3) Tripod
4) USB extension cable
5) Sponge for washing dishes
6) Stationery erasers 2 pcs.
7) And something like a tube
Assembly.
1) Let's start with perhaps the most important sound card and capsule. I bought them from the Chinese. The sound card cost me 60 rubles, and the capsules for 10 pieces. 50 rubles. Let's disassemble the card and solder the capsule to the microphone output using the random method ( yellow color). The card is needed so that the sound does not go through the cable to the computer, thereby creating an extra background; by soldering the capsule directly to the card, we created a minimal background
2) Take a tube or something like this, I personally took a cap from hairspray. We cut out the top, as in the picture, and cut small slots of 2 pieces along the edges. parallel to each other on each side and put rubber bands on it, as shown in the picture, this is necessary to suppress vibration.
3) Let's make a hole at the bottom of our tube for a tripod screw, but this is for those who will use a three-legged tripod.
4) We insert our blank with a map, as in the picture
5) Cut the cup and glue it to the card so that it acts as a wind protection
6) And fix it on a tripod
Conclusion.
Well, in conclusion, we connect our microphone to the PC via a USB extension cable; drivers for our card should be automatically installed. If they are not installed, then look at them on the page of the seller where you purchased it. You can evaluate the sound quality in the video
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