1. Information and technological competence of the translator.

2. Automated translator workstation

2.1.Working with a text editor. Automatic editing of translation text.

2.2.Electronic dictionaries and translation. Electronic libraries

2.3. Electronic text corpora and translation

2.4.Computer translators

I. According to many scientists, an important component of a translator’s professional competence is the technical component, which presupposes possession of appropriate technical means, and primarily electronic ones. A graduate in the field of study 035700.62 “Linguistics” of the “Translation and Translation Studies” profile must have, according to the training standard, among other things, the following competencies:

Know standard methods for solving basic typical problems in the field of linguistic support of information and other application systems;

Have computer skills as a means of obtaining, processing and managing information;

Have the ability to work with information in global computer networks;

Be able to work with electronic dictionaries and other electronic resources to solve linguistic problems;

Possess the basics of information and bibliographic culture,

Know how to prepare for translation, including searching for information in reference books, specialized literature and computer networks;

Be able to format the translation text in a computer text editor;

Be able to work with basic information retrieval and expert systems, knowledge representation systems, syntactic and morphological analysis, automatic synthesis and speech recognition, processing of lexicographic information and automated translation, automated personality identification and verification systems.

I name here those competencies where mastery of information literacy is expressed explicitly, and in addition, many other competencies include this concept implicitly, for example.



Summarizing all of the above, it can be argued that a modern linguist, a specialist in the field of translation, cannot do without information means of receiving, processing, storing and transmitting information in his professional activities. Such tools include such electronic resources as:

Text editor,

Electronic bilingual and monolingual dictionaries for working online and offline;

Internet;

Terminology databases;

Specialized terminological dictionaries and glossaries;

Automatic editing programs;

General and specialized encyclopedias, encyclopedic dictionaries;

Electronic style guides;

Electronic corpora of parallel texts and concordancers;

Electronic libraries;

Online newspaper and magazine archives;

Translation Memory programs

Machine translation programs;

New communication technologies, etc.

II. Due to the fact that technical means began to occupy an increasing place in the professional activity of a translator, the concept of an automated translator’s workstation appeared in practice and in theory. The automated workplace includes such technical means as a computer, scanner, fax machine or fax modem, printer, Internet with all components (e-mail), telephone, as well as electronic resources. The translation, made using computer technology, called automated translation. The term CAT is used to refer to automated translation. The English term is computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation - CAT. With a narrow understanding of this concept, CAT includes such translation automation systems as SDL Trados, Deja Vu, StarTransit, Wordfast and others. According to Wikipedia, “Computer-aided translation is a type of translation in which a human translator translates texts using computer programs designed to facilitate the translation process.” Broadly speaking, CAT technology includes electronic dictionaries, machine translation programs, the Translation Memory system, spell checkers, grammar checking programs, terminology databases, full-text search tools, concordancers, etc.

III. In the Microsoft Word text editor, which translators usually work with, there are a number of functions that are important for a translator. This is Spelling and Grammar Checker - a tool for checking spelling and grammar of text. The program allows you to control the spelling of words.

Programs for checking the correct syntax and style of text in a text editor, included in the spelling control block:

1. Bullfighter checks spelling, syntax and style of text in Microsoft Word and PowerPoint applications,

2.English Writing Software

3. Grammar Checker 7.0

4. Grammar Slammer-Non-Windows 4.0

5. Grammar Slammer 4.2

6.Grammatica English

7.SpellCheckPlus

8. WhiteSmoke English 2009

The program included in Microsoft package Office 2003 and 2007 makes it possible to find the following types of errors: spelling and punctuation (placement of hyphens, use of capital letters, non-compliance with spelling norms of the selected version of the English language, etc.), grammatical errors (violation of the agreement of the predicate with the subject, incorrectly constructed verb construction, double negative etc.), stylistic errors (clichés, colloquial words, jargon, incorrect use of words, etc.)

Text Microsoft editor Office 2007 has a function to translate selected text or an entire document from one language to another (“built-in translator”) in the “Review” panel, here you can also track the differences between two texts, i.e. changes that are made to the translation text after the translator has completed his work on it. When is such a comparison necessary? If a translator works alternately with an editor on a text, the translator receives a piece of text from the editor and can compare and see the changes made.

The Thesaurus function allows you to find synonyms or antonyms that can be used to avoid repetition in translation.

It is known that

2.2.Electronic dictionary – a computer database containing specially encoded dictionary entries that allow quick search words, often taking into account morphological form and with the ability to search for combinations of words, as well as the ability to change the direction of translation.

Advantages of electronic dictionaries:

1. high speed information processing;

2. portability of the storage medium;

3. availability of the latest vocabulary due to rapid updating, especially in rapidly developing areas (nanotechnology, computer technology, etc.);

4. simultaneous access to several dictionaries;

5. possibility of changing the direction of translation.

Recently, there has been a growing trend of translators' interest in online dictionaries, because all of the above characteristics are characteristic of them to a greater extent than offline ones.

Flaws:

1.Unverified/inaccuracy of some data

Among the well-known dictionaries are Abbyy Lingvo, Multilex, Polyglossum, Context 7.0, Elsevier (Version 2002), etc.

Multilex Delux 6 is 28 English-Russian and Russian-English general, thematic and explanatory dictionaries, including the Oxford English-Russian Dictionary, the Large Russian-English Dictionary of A.I. Smirntitsky, the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary of A.V. Kunin , linguistic and cultural dictionaries of the USA and Great Britain.

Abbyy Lingvo x3 – 150 dictionaries with a total volume of 9 million entries On the websites of users of this dictionary you can find useful dictionaries and information www.lingvoda.ru and www.lingvodics.com.

In addition, Abbyy has developed a professional system for creating, storing and updating ABBYY Lingvo Content dictionaries. With its help, you can create, update, expand and analyze dictionaries of any complexity, create dictionaries based on existing ones and export them to various formats.

Multitran

Elsevier (Version 2002)

On the forums of the websites “City of Translators” and the Association of Lexicographers Lingvo, the question of which dictionary is better is discussed - there is no clear answer (www.trworkshop.ru and www.lingvoda.ru).

Links to bilingual and multilingual dictionaries can be found on the Internet at the following sites: www.glossarist.com, www.lexicon.ch, www.yourdictionary.com, www.1000dictionaries.com, www.accurapid.com, www.littera.ru.

In scientific and applied understanding, the use of dictionaries does not cause absolute delight among all scientists. Thus, B.N. Klimzo believes that they wean the translator from thinking.

www.americana.ru – Americana English-Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary

www.anylexic.com – AnyLexic, Version2

www.babylon.com – Babylon

www. allwords.com – Context

www.pngis.net/dictionary - English-Italian-Russian on-line dictionary on oil and gas

www.lingvo.ru – Lingvo ABBYY

www.panvasoft.com/eng/10796 - WinLexic Microsoft Glossaries 2005

www.un-interpreters.org/glossaries.html

www.multilex.ru/online.html

www.rambler.ru/dict/enru/ - New Large English-Russian Dictionary

www. rambler.ru/dict/ruen -Russian-English dictionary by A.I. Smirnitsky

www.multilingual.ch – website of T. Harvey Ciampi

The largest virtual library in the world is the National Congress Digital Library.

Library XServer.ru - free online electronic library

& Concordance – a list of contexts where the sought unit is presented in its lexical environment and is characterized by a set of statistical data.

In the simplest case, it is an alphabetical list of words in the text with the contexts in which they occurred.

The modern period of development of society is characterized by a strong influence on it of computer technologies, which penetrate into all spheres of human activity, ensure the dissemination of information flows in society, forming a global information space. An integral and important part of these processes is the computerization of translation processes. Computerization of the translation process has become one of the important tasks from the very beginning of the use of IT in science. The dream of creating automatic machine translators has not left scientists from the very beginning. And although a complete transfer of the process into the sphere of machine activity is impossible at this stage of IT development - the presence of the human factor as the final decision-making authority is still necessary - the task of the developers has become to provide all possible assistance to the translator through IT. The introduction of computer tools into a process that was initially focused only on humans, their ability to select the appropriate option at the level of experience and sense of style, requires special attention to detail and technology. In addition to developing suitable software of various types to perform relevant related tasks, the first priority is also to train specialists in the use of these programs and create comfortable conditions for their use.

Computer technologies are intended to become not an additional “add-on” in translation, but an integral part of the integral process, significantly increasing its efficiency, becoming the “right hand” of the translator, speeding up the translation process and making it more technologically advanced.

At this stage, the capabilities of IT in translation are used incompletely and insufficiently.

The main reason for this situation is insufficient attention to the possibilities of using IT at the educational stage. When training translators in our universities, there is a complete lack of attention to the capabilities of IT - not only is there no separate course, but there is not even any talk of studying this issue as part of the program. The teachers themselves are not always sufficiently familiar with the issue, so their advice also cannot fully satisfy the needs of students. At the current stage, finding opportunities to use IT in translation is 90% the task of the student-translator himself.

Relevance of the study: the modern period of development of society is characterized by a strong influence on it of computer technologies, which penetrate into all spheres of human activity, ensure the dissemination of information flows in society, forming a global information space. There is an improvement in IT support capabilities in various areas, including such an important area as translation.

The object is the achievements of modern information technologies in the translation process.

The subject is computer programs and Internet resources designed to help the translator in the translation process.

Purpose: to highlight the possibilities of using SIT in translation at the current stage of development, to propose options for increasing the efficiency of using existing achievements.

· Study the history of the development of computer technologies in the field of translation;

· Study the available translation tools, both software and IR

· Consider the Lingvo electronic dictionary, PROMT electronic translator.

· Identify the advantages and disadvantages of modern translation systems.

· Explore options for improving the efficiency of using TSPs.

Chapter 1 History of the development of modern information technologies in translation.

Computer translation is a complex but interesting scientific task. Its main difficulty is that natural languages ​​are difficult to formalize. Hence the low quality of text obtained using MT systems, the content and form of which is an invariable object of jokes. However, the idea of ​​machine translation goes back a long way.

The idea of ​​​​the possibility of machine translation was first expressed by Charles Babbage, who developed it in 1836-1848. “Digital Analytical Engine” project. Ch. Babbage's idea was that a memory of 1000 50-bit decimal numbers (50 gears in each register) could be used to store dictionaries. C. Babbage cited this idea as a rationale for requesting from the British government the funds necessary for the physical embodiment of the analytical engine, which he was never able to build.

And 100 years later, in 1947, W. Weaver (director of the natural sciences department of the Rockefeller Foundation) wrote a letter to Norbert Wiener. In this letter, he proposed using decryption techniques to translate texts. This year is considered the birth year of machine translation. In the same year, an algorithm for word-by-word translation was developed, and in 1948, R. Richens proposed a rule for dividing a word into a stem and an ending. Over the next two decades, machine translation systems developed rapidly.

In January 1954, the first machine translation system, the IBM Mark II, was demonstrated on an IBM 701 machine. But in 1967, a specially created Commission of the US National Academy of Sciences recognized “machine translation as unprofitable,” which significantly slowed down research in this area. Machine translation experienced a new rise in the 70s, and in the 80s it became economically profitable due to the comparative cheapness of machine time.

However, in the USSR, research in the field of machine translation continued. After the demonstration of the IBM Mark II system, a group of VINITI scientists began developing a machine translation system for the BESM machine. The first sample of translation from English into Russian was received by the end of 1955.

Another direction of work arose in the Department of Applied Mathematics of the Mathematical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the M. V. Keldysh Institute of Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences) on the initiative of A. A. Lyapunov. The first machine translation programs developed by this team were implemented on the Strela machine. Thanks to the work on the creation of MP systems, such a direction as applied linguistics took shape.

In the 70s, a group of developers from VINITI RAS worked on the creation of MP systems under the leadership of prof. G.G. Belonogov. Their first MP system was developed in 1993, and in 1996, after a number of modifications, it was registered with ROSAPO under the name Retrans. This system was used by the Ministries of Defence, Railways, Science and Technology.

Parallel studies were carried out in the Laboratory of Engineering Linguistics of Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute named after. A. I. Herzen (now Pedagogical University). They formed the basis of the now most popular MP system “PROMT”. The latest versions of this software product use high-tech technologies and are built on the basis of extended transition networks technology and neural network formalism.

Chapter 2 Classification of machine translation tools (according to Larry Child)

“New members of CompuServe's Foreign Language Forum often ask if anyone can recommend a good machine translation program at a reasonable price. The answer to this question is invariably “no.” Depending on the person answering, the answer may contain two main arguments: either that machines cannot translate, or that machine translation is too expensive.

Both of these arguments are valid to a certain extent. However, the answer is far from so simple. When studying the problem of machine translation (MT), it is necessary to consider separately the various subsections of this problem. The following division is based on lectures by Larry Childs given at the 1990 International Technical Communication Conference:

Machine translation systems perform automated text translation. The units of translation are words or phrases, and recent developments make it possible to take into account the morphology of the word being translated. “Developed MT systems carry out translation using translation algorithms specified by the developer and/or user-adjusted.”

To carry out machine translation, enter into the computer special program, which implements a translation algorithm, which is understood as a sequence of unambiguously and strictly defined actions on the text to find translation matches in a given language pair Language 1 - Language 2 for a given direction of translation (from one specific language to another). The machine translation system includes “bilingual dictionaries equipped with the necessary grammatical information (morphological, syntactic and semantic) to ensure the transmission of equivalent, variant and transformational translation correspondences, as well as algorithmic means of grammatical analysis that implement any of the formal formalities adopted for automatic text processing grammarian." There are also separate machine translation systems designed to translate within three or more languages, but these are currently experimental.

Currently, there are two concepts for the development of machine translation systems:

1. The model of a “large dictionary with a complex structure”, which is embedded in most modern translator programs;

2. The “meaning-text” model, first formulated by A.A. Lyapunov, but has not yet been implemented in any commercial product.

Today the most famous machine translation systems are:

PROMT 2000/XT from PROMT;

Retrans Vista from Vista and Advantis;

Socrates is a set of programs from the Arsenal company.

The systems of the PROMT family have developed a morphological description that is almost unique in its completeness for all languages ​​that the systems can handle. It contains 800 types of inflections for the Russian language, more than 300 types for both German and French, and even for English, which does not belong to inflectional languages, highlighted. more than 250 types of inflections. The set of endings for each language is stored in the form of tree structures, which provides not only an efficient storage method, but also an efficient morphological analysis algorithm.

Instead of the accepted linguistic approach, which involves the identification of sequential processes of analysis and synthesis of a sentence, the architecture of the systems was based on the representation of the translation process as a process with an “object-oriented” organization based on the hierarchy of the processed components of the sentence. This made it possible to make PROMT systems stable and open. In addition, this approach made it possible to use various formalisms to describe translation at different levels. The systems operate both network grammars, similar in type to extended transition networks, and procedural algorithms for filling and transforming frame structures for the analysis of complex predicates.
The description of a lexical unit in a dictionary entry, which is actually unlimited in size and can contain many different features, is closely interconnected with the structure of the system algorithms and is structured not on the basis of the eternal antithesis of syntax - semantics, but on the basis of the levels of text components.

At the same time, systems can also work with incompletely described dictionary entries, which is an important point when opening dictionaries for the user, from whom delicate handling of linguistic material cannot be required.

The system distinguishes the level of lexical units, the level of groups, the level of simple sentences and the level of complex sentences. All these processes are connected and interact hierarchically in accordance with the hierarchy of text units, exchanging synthesized and inherited characteristics. This arrangement of algorithms allows the use of different formal methods to describe algorithms at different levels.

An electronic dictionary is, as a rule, a computer database containing dictionary entries encoded in a special way that allow you to quickly search for the necessary words and phrases. The search for words is carried out taking into account morphological combinations (examples of use), as well as the possibility of changing the direction of translation (for example, English-Russian or Russian-English).

The main difference between the ES and the SMP is that the ES provides the translator with the entire range of meanings of the searched word or phrase entered in its database, leaving the choice of the most suitable option up to the person, while the SMP itself selects the option from the database based on the algorithms built into it .

Lingvo translated from Esperanto means “language,” about which there are articles in the ABBYY Lingvo dictionaries (LingvoUniversal and LingvoComputer).

ABBYY Lingvo does not have a full-text translation function, but word-by-word translation of texts from the clipboard is possible. In some dictionaries in English, German and French, most words are voiced by professional native speakers.

The program includes the Lingvo Tutor learning module, which helps you memorize new words.

In addition to the existing 150 professional dictionaries, the result of lexicographic work by ABBYY employees and authoritative paper and electronic dictionaries, there is an extensive database of free user dictionaries for the program. Dictionaries are pre-checked and are publicly available on the website of the Association of Lexicographers Lingvo.

Varieties of ABBYY Lingvo x3:

· ABBYY Lingvo x3 European version - 130 general lexical and thematic dictionaries for translation from Russian into English, Spanish, Italian, German, Portuguese and French and vice versa.

· ABBYY Lingvo x3 Multilingual version - 150 general lexical and thematic dictionaries for translation from Russian into English, Spanish, Italian, Chinese, Latin, German, Portuguese, Turkish, Ukrainian and French and vice versa.

· Mobile multilingual dictionary ABBYY Lingvo x3 - a dictionary for smartphones, communicators and PDAs, containing 38 modern complete dictionaries for 8 languages.

· ABBYY Lingvo x3 English version - 57 general lexical and thematic English-Russian and Russian-English dictionaries.

· All versions contain explanatory dictionaries of the English language (Oxford and Collins) and the Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by T. F. Efremova.

In addition to the software tools already described above that serve to assist the translator, there are also special UIs that allow you to search for translations online, without the need to download and install any software.

IR can also be divided into two types: dictionaries and similar online databases and machine translators.

The most famous online dictionary can rightfully be recognized as the Internet version of ABBYY Lingvo. In addition to the already familiar word-by-word translation and provision of dictionary entries, the site offers a wide range of additional features:

FineReader Online is a convenient online OCR service that recognizes your images, PDF files or photographs of documents and converts them into required formats– Microsoft Word, Excel, TXT, RTF or PDF searchable

Written translation is a development by representatives of ABBYY Lingvo, which allows the customer to optimize costs. The type of translation and its cost are determined by the purpose of the document, thematic area, volume and timing of the project.

Individual training by phone (or online - via Skype)

Online version of the ABBYY Aligner program for aligning parallel texts and creating Translation Memory databases

The “Telephone Interpretation” service is a teleconference in which, in addition to you and your interlocutor, a remote interpreter participates

Additionally, you can pay attention to a resource such as Urban Dictionary. This online database was created to introduce users to the constantly changing and rapidly updating sphere of English slang, phrases with a figurative meaning, and colloquial expressions.

As for online translators, it is enough to note that most MP programs have Internet versions, including PROMT. They offer the same set of features as their software counterparts.

Conclusion

Currently, computers occupy an increasingly significant place not only among programmers and engineers, but also among a wide variety of users, including linguists, translators and specialists who need prompt translation of foreign language information. In this regard, electronic dictionaries and programs that perform machine translation are very convenient tools for saving time and optimizing the process of understanding foreign language information. In addition, there are now translator programs that can produce more or less adequate translations of foreign language texts and can be of assistance in the work of specialists in various fields.

This research topic can be considered quite modern, since the history of the development and implementation of personal computers in everyday life (and especially those that would be “powerful” to implement more or less modern machine translation programs) goes back hardly more than fifteen years. This topic acquires particular relevance if we take into account the fact that at present the Republic of Belarus is increasingly integrating into the international community and that, along with economic and political barriers, language barriers largely prevent this. At the same time, there are not many professional translators capable and willing to carry out such a process of communication between communities in all spheres of science and culture. This was a consequence of the fact that at this stage the process of training a professional translator takes a lot of time and is very labor-intensive. Therefore, right now it is especially relevant to search for ways to automate as much as possible the process of translation carried out by a person in order, on the one hand, to make the hard work of a human translator as easy as possible, and on the other, to make this work as efficient as possible. This can be accomplished only by maximally integrating the efforts of specialists in the fields of cybernetics, programming, psychology, and most importantly, linguistics.

In this work, a study was carried out of the modern market of merchant communication services available to translators.

Various types of IT-assisted translation have been studied and described:

Fully automatic translation;

Automated machine translation with human participation;

Translation carried out by a person using a computer.

Various types of TSPs were reviewed, described and analyzed:

Electronic dictionaries;

Machine translation systems;

Online resources for translation.

A review of specific products currently available was carried out, their capabilities, advantages and disadvantages were analyzed.

At this stage of IT development, we can draw the following conclusion: the most promising area for using TSP is fully automated translation. Software development in this area occupies the minds of leading scientists and is one of the priority areas of research in the field of computational linguistics.

Now the most popular is the use of TSPs as auxiliary tools in the translation process. In this area, modern developments provide the widest opportunities for searching and interpreting words and expressions. There are databases not only for individual words, but also databases for set expressions, jargon, slang, etc.

The main task in improving the translation process can now be considered the introduction of TSP at all levels, from the initial process of translator training at a university to the popularization of TSP in the media. Currently, the available capabilities of the TSP are not used to their full extent.

References for the abstract

1. Belyaeva M.A. English Grammar / - M.: Higher School, 1987.

2. Blokh M.Ya. Theoretical foundations of grammar / - M.: Higher school, 2000. – 280 p.

3. Vaikhman G.A. New in English grammar // Textbook for institutes and faculties of foreign languages ​​/ - M.: Higher School, 1990.

4. Ilyish B. A. Modern English // Modern English. Theoretical course: Textbook for teachers. and teacher inst. foreign language / - Leningrad, 1980.

5. Kazakova T.A. Practical foundations of translation / – St. Petersburg, 2002. – 324 p.

6. Kachalova K.N., Izrailevich E.E. Practical grammar of the English language / - M.: Vneshtorgizdat, 1957.

7. Kutuzov L. Practical grammar of the English language / - M.: Veche, 1998. – 200 p.

8. Semenov A. L. Modern information technologies and translation // Textbook for students. Higher Textbook Establishments/ - M.: Publishing Center “Academy”, 2008. – 224 p.

9. Wikipedia – online encyclopedia [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://ru.wikipedia.org- Access date: 12/29/2010.

10. ABBYY Lingvo online dictionary [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://lingvo.abbyyonline.com/ru – Access date: 12/29/2010.

11. Online text translator of the PROMT company [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://translate.promt.by/ – Access date: 12/29/2010.

12. UrbanDictionary – the greatest on-line American slang dictionary [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http:/www.urbandictionary.com/ – Access date: 12/29/2010.

Subject index for the abstract

database, 3 , 10

Internet, 3 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 19 , 22

computer, 4, 5

machine, 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 13 , 14

translation, 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 24 , 25

translator, 5 , 8 , 13 , 16 , 24

program, 5

resource, 3 , 13 , 16, 18 , 19 , 24, 25

dictionary, 3 , 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 24

electronic, 3 , 5 , 11 , 18

Internet resources in the subject area research

http://lingvo.abbyyonline.com/ru/

ABBYY Lingvo is a family of electronic dictionaries. Created by the Russian company ABBYY. Released on August 13, 2008 a new version x3 (x three The volume of dictionary entries is more than 8.7 million units.

The multilingual version covers 12 languages ​​- Armenian, Russian, Ukrainian, English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Turkish, Latin, Chinese, Portuguese. There is also a European version - 130 dictionaries in 7 languages ​​and an English-Russian-English electronic dictionary.

http://translate.promt.by

SMP PROMT is one of the most famous MP resources, translating both individual lexical units and complete syntactic wholes: sentences, texts.

The systems of the PROMT family have developed a morphological description that is almost unique in its completeness for all languages ​​that the systems can handle. It contains 800 types of inflections for the Russian language, more than 300 types for both German and French, and even for English, which does not belong to inflectional languages, more than 250 types of inflections are identified. The set of endings for each language is stored in the form of tree structures, which provides not only an efficient storage method, but also an efficient morphological analysis algorithm.

http://translate.eu

Online multilingual text translation and dictionaries. This resource is the largest complex of online dictionaries. It also provides the ability to translate text into 52 languages ​​of the European Union in all directions (from any language on the list to any other language on the list). Used in many international departmental and educational structures.

www.urbandictionary.com

This online database was created to introduce users to the constantly changing and rapidly updating sphere of English slang, phrases with a figurative meaning, and colloquial expressions.

This resource allows users to independently enter new words and expressions into the database and supplement the definitions of existing ones. Each article, in addition to explaining the expression, contains examples of its use taken from popular texts, songs, and films. The site also contains sections “Word of the Day” and “Word of the Year”, which present the most popular words and expressions of the day and year, selected by users by voting, respectively.

http://ru.wiktionary.org

Wiktionary is a freely updated multifunctional multilingual dictionary and thesaurus based on the wiki engine. One of the projects of the Wikimedia Foundation.

http://multitran.ru

An Internet system that includes 14 two-way electronic dictionaries. Currently, this is one of the most complete and most popular automatic online dictionaries on the Runet. The most fully represented are the English-Russian-English, German-Russian-German and French-Russian-French parts of the dictionary. The least complete is the Kalmyk-Russian-Kalmyk part of the dictionary. In addition to the Internet version, the offline version of Multitran is distributed.

Current personal website in WWW (hyperlink).

Appendix B

Appendix B


Appendix D





In addition to actual translation knowledge, a translator must be able to use various equipment that serves his work, as well as auxiliary items. The simplest tool for a translator is his notebook.

The interpreter (even if he is not a synchronizer) must be able to use the synchronizer booth and have a good knowledge of its structure and technical equipment: microphones, switch buttons, monitor. In the event of a malfunction or unsatisfactory sound quality in the cabin, he must immediately notify the technician on duty, who is always located near the synchronizer cabins. Initial acquaintance with this kind of technology occurs during the training of translators, in the booths of the training conference room, as well as in specialized classrooms such as “Prism” and “Spectra”.

In his work, a translator will also need the ability to use a voice recorder, tape recorder, or video recorder. Translation modern level is unthinkable without computer skills, the ability to extract information from dictionaries in electronic form, and the ability to use the Internet.

Currently, it is impossible to imagine the activity of a translator without the use of information technology. Already at the stage of job search, the translator turns to various sites, email addresses possible customers, sending out your resume, etc. Receiving a text for subsequent translation, communicating with the customer and all further activities of the translator are also mediated by information technology. All this makes it necessary to teach students how to use a computer in their future professional activities. However, as teaching experience shows, simply introducing students to existing information technologies does not seem to be effective. At each stage of this complex professional activity, the use of information technology has its own specifics.

The first stage in a translator’s activity is the stage of receiving a foreign language text and preparing for its translation.

The next task of this stage, which also precedes the translation process itself, is to become familiar with the subject of the statement, clarify the subject of the text and select appropriate dictionaries and reference literature. If the text to be translated is provided to the translator in printed form, modern computer capabilities allow you to scan it and use an optical text recognition system to convert it into electronic form. Only after this does the translator begin the next stage of his activity - understanding and interpreting a foreign language text in his specialty.



Use of a computer, ability to request necessary information via the Internet make it possible to significantly expand the information and reference search in the activities of a translator of scientific and technical texts. As surveys of translators have shown, at this stage of their activity a translator can:

1. Participate in professional chats with native speakers.

2. Use electronic dictionaries and on-line automated systems

translation.

3. Search for publications on the topic of translation.

4. Visit translator forums, i.e. use the Internet for professional communication.

5. View the latest news on the topic of translation to clarify the context and terminology.

The information received can be entered into an electronic dictionary, which is maintained by the translator throughout his professional activity.

The next stage in the translator’s activity is the synthesizing stage, i.e. the actual translation of the understood text. When generating a text, the translator must model its understanding by the future recipient, and also take into account the discursive and genre parameters of constructing the text in the Russian language. During written translation, at the stage of creating an understandable text in Russian, a computer came to the aid of the translator, which makes it possible to:

1. Find synonyms of words.

2. Use electronic dictionaries.

3. Use an electronic translator when translating certain standardized genres, such as a patent or instructions.

4. Create a system of translator’s notes for the most controversial passages or those requiring clarification of the context.



The final stage in a translator’s activity is checking and submitting the completed translation. Currently, all translated texts must be presented in an electronic version. The wide possibilities of computer technology greatly facilitate the editing and design of the translation text. Thus, using a computer at this stage it is possible:

1. Check spelling and grammatical structures in the translation text;

2. Apply formatting templates (in accordance with those generally accepted in the country);

3. Get statistics on the translated and translated text (number of characters, words, paragraphs, etc.);

4. Use graphic elements (graphs, diagrams, tables, pictures, etc.).

Translator

Penza State Pedagogical University
named after, Penza, Russia

The article defines the stages of translation as a process and reveals the possibilities of using information technologies at various stages of translation activity.

Bakanova M. V., Soldatova A. V. The role of information technologies in the professional activity of interpreter. The stages of translation as a process are determined, and the possibilities of information technologies on each stage revealed.

Currently, it is impossible to imagine the activity of a translator without the use of information technology. Already at the stage of job search, the translator contacts various sites, email addresses of possible customers, sending out his resume, etc. Receiving a text for subsequent translation, communicating with the customer and all further activities of the translator are also mediated by information technology. All this makes it necessary to teach students how to use a computer in their future professional activities. However, as teaching experience shows, simply introducing students to existing information technologies does not seem to be effective. At each stage of this complex professional activity, the use of information technology has its own specifics.

The first stage in a translator’s activity is the stage of receiving a foreign language text and preparing for its translation. As a basis for dividing into stages, a developed model of teaching translation in the field of professional communication is proposed, which includes professionally oriented, analytical, synthesizing and corrective stages. At the professionally oriented stage, the important question is in what form the translation text should be presented (computer version of the text, printing it, sending it by email, etc.), whether graphs, diagrams, etc. should be presented in the translation text. d.


The next task of this stage, which also precedes the actual translation process, is familiarization with the subject of the statement, clarification of the subject matter of the text and selection of appropriate dictionaries and reference literature. If the text to be translated is provided to the translator in printed form, modern computer capabilities allow you to scan it and use an optical text recognition system to convert it into electronic form. Only after this does the translator begin the next stage of his activity - understanding and interpreting a foreign language text in his specialty.

This stage in the translator’s activity is extremely important, has pronounced specifics and differs significantly from the usual understanding of the text. A prerequisite for understanding is subject, linguistic, sociocultural knowledge, i.e., the professional competence of the translator. To understand and interpret a scientific and technical text, the translator analyzes the incoming statement. It seems important for him to understand all the information contained in the text, to understand the deep meaning, which requires maximum activation of all mechanisms that ensure understanding of the statement. The translator must have a higher level of understanding and be able to evaluate the incoming message from the perspective of the recipient’s linguistic, subject and background knowledge. At this level, the translator analyzes the statement and develops a translation strategy, taking into account all known factors of the professional situation and the specifics of the scientific and technical text being translated, that is, understanding and adequate interpretation of a scientific and technical text in a foreign language are the basis for its subsequent translation into the native language.

Science and technology are developing at a rapid pace, and new concepts may be used in published texts. In this case, as translators and researchers note, significant assistance is provided by searching for the necessary information in various scientific publications, encyclopedias, etc. Such information and reference search makes it possible to get acquainted with the concepts used in the translated text, identify key concepts, and determine the terminology used. You should begin training in information and reference search with texts related to well-known areas of science and technology, on the topic of which there is a lot of reference literature with established terminology, gradually moving on to texts related to new, little-developed areas of knowledge, with an unsettled conceptual apparatus. Therefore, at the first stage, the search for information is carried out in reference books and encyclopedias, then in specialized scientific and technical journals, in the latter information publications on the Internet, and consultations with specialists, etc. In the future, the information received helps the translator find equivalents to the corresponding terms, which are entered by the translator into his own terminological file.

Nowadays, the narrow specialization of translated texts is becoming increasingly apparent, so professional translators often turn to specialists from the company/enterprise that is ordering the translation to obtain the necessary advice from them. Of course, in his work, the translator will use bilingual dictionaries, but to understand and interpret a scientific and technical text, one should rely primarily on logic and context, and only then on a dictionary.


The use of a computer and the ability to request the necessary information via the Internet can significantly expand the information and reference search in the activities of a translator of scientific and technical texts. As surveys of translators have shown, at this stage of their activity a translator can:

1. Participate in professional chats with native speakers.

2. Use electronic dictionaries and on-line automated translation systems.

3. Search for publications on the topic of translation.

4. Visit translator forums, i.e. use the Internet for professional communication.

5. View the latest news on the topic of translation to clarify the context and terminology.

The information received can be entered into an electronic dictionary, which is maintained by the translator throughout his professional activity.

The next stage in the translator’s activity is the synthesizing stage, i.e. the actual translation of the understood text. When generating a text, the starting point is the concept, which predetermines the semantic structure of the text, and through it the logical structure. The logical structure and communicative purposefulness of the understood text dictates the choice of the repertoire of linguistic means that is actually used in generating the text. If at the stage of understanding the translator must understand as deeply, fully and accurately as possible the semantic side of the statement, the intention of the author of the text, then at the stage of generating the translation text, the translator’s activity is associated with identifying various kinds of correspondences between two languages, two cultures, and the knowledge of the sender and recipient of the text. When generating a text, the translator must model its understanding by the future recipient, and also take into account the discursive and genre parameters of constructing the text in Russian. During written translation, at the stage of creating an understandable text in Russian, a computer came to the aid of the translator, which makes it possible to:

1. Find synonyms of words.

2. Use electronic dictionaries.

3. Use an electronic translator when translating certain standardized genres, such as a patent or instructions.

4. Create a system of translator’s notes for the most controversial passages or those requiring clarification of the context.

The final stage in a translator’s activity is checking and submitting the completed translation. Currently, all translated texts must be presented in an electronic version. The wide possibilities of computer technology greatly facilitate the editing and design of the translation text. Thus, using a computer at this stage it is possible:

2. Apply formatting templates (in accordance with those generally accepted in the country);

3. Get statistics on the translated and translated text (number of characters, words, paragraphs, etc.);

4. Use graphic elements (graphs, diagrams, tables, pictures, etc.).

Thus, training students to be translators using information technologies should be carried out in stages, taking into account the specifics of the tasks facing the translator at each stage. The result of this process will be the formation of translation competence, i.e. the ability to extract information from a text in one language and transmit it by creating a text (oral or written) in another language and use a foreign language in professional activities and for further self-education.

Bibliography

1. Alferova training in translation of scientific and technical texts using information technologies: abstract of thesis. ... candidate of pedagogical sciences: 13.00.02. Ross. Peoples' Friendship University. M.: 26s.

2. “Possible ways of using information technologies in training translators in the field of professional communication” // Bulletin of RUDN University, series “Education Issues: Languages ​​and Specialties”. Moscow, RUDN. - 2008

3. Ryabova technologies in education: problems of machine translation. ict. edu. ru›vconf/files/3518.doc

4. Bakanova technologies in teaching professional translation: Theory and practice of developing the professional orientation of programmers in teaching a foreign language. Monograph. LAP LambertAcademic Publishing Gmb&Co. Kg. 174 p.

Chapter 1. Sociocultural conditions for the development of professional translation activities and the system of training translation personnel

§1. Development of translation activities and translator training systems.

§2. Specialization of translation activities as a prerequisite for the emergence of additional qualifications “translator in the field of professional communication.”

§3. Features of translator training in new technological conditions.

Conclusions on the first chapter.

Chapter 2. Theoretical foundations for the formation of professional competence of future “translators in the field of professional communication”

§1. Modeling of professional activity and professional training of a translator.

§2. “Competence” and “competence” as system-forming elements of the integral model of a translator.

§3. Functional-competency analysis of translation activities.

§4. Information technology competence as a component of the integral competence of a translator.

Conclusions on the second chapter.

Chapter 3. Conditions for the formation of information and technological competence of future “translators in the field of professional communication”

§1. Approaches to the professional training of the future “translator in the field of professional communication.”

§2. Composition of the information technology environment for a translator’s work.

§3. Experimental study of the formation of information technology competence of a translator based on a course

Computer support for translation."

Conclusions on the third chapter.

Recommended list of dissertations

  • Modular training in translation of scientific and technical texts using information technology 2010, candidate of pedagogical sciences Alferova, Dinara Adlevna

  • Formation of professional competence among students - future translators using a training thesaurus 2010, candidate of pedagogical sciences Matveeva, Olga Nikolaevna

  • Interdisciplinary foundations of basic linguistic training of a specialist translator 2004, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Porshneva, Elena Rafaelevna

  • Methodology of co-teaching language and translation (program "Translator in the field of professional communication", English) 2006, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Zaichenko, Andrey Aleksandrovich

  • Formation of translation competence in the field of professional communication among students of non-linguistic specialties using information and communication technologies 2009, candidate of pedagogical sciences Artemenko, Olga Aleksandrovna

Introduction of the dissertation (part of the abstract) on the topic “Formation of information and technological competence of the future “translator in the field of professional communication””

The relevance of research. In today's world, consistent progress from national isolation to cooperation and mutual understanding is increasingly manifested as a tendency towards the formation of the world community into integrity. The transition of modern society to the information era of its development, the widest areas of application of computers, the creation of a global computer information network, the Internet, contributes to the unification of the knowledge and intelligence of people around the world without dividing them by state, economic, social and religious boundaries. Translation activity is an objective necessity, serves both the interests of states and peoples in the comprehensive expansion of cooperation and exchange of professional, scientific, cultural and spiritual values, and meets the needs of the individual.

Large-scale intercultural dialogue, the means of which is intercultural communication, unthinkable without translation, has contributed to the wide diversification and professional-subject specialization of translation activities in recent times, which has influenced the system of training translators, which is now carried out not only in accordance with the State educational standard of higher education education in specialty 620100 - linguistics and intercultural communication (qualification - linguist, translator), but also on the basis of the State requirements introduced in 1997 for the minimum content and level of training of a graduate to obtain additional qualifications "translator in the field of professional communication".

A translator in the field of professional communication" is a special kind of professional; his total professional competence includes, along with the competencies possessed by a "linguist translator", also professional-subject competence.

An analysis of the literature has shown that the changed requirements for the activities of a translator in the information society necessitate further changes in his professional training, which in modern conditions should ensure entry into the informatized practice of professional translation activities (P.S. Brook, D. Guadek, D. Robinson) .

A significant number of problems related to professional training, including the professional training of translators, have been developed in domestic pedagogy: training specialists for professional activities and increasing the effectiveness of education in higher education (Yu.K. Babansky, A.A. Verbitsky, E.F. Zeer, I.Ya. Lerner, V.A. Slastenin); improving the language training of specialists as a general pedagogical problem (I.L. Bim, N.I. Gez, I.A. Zimnyaya, A.A. Leontyev, G.V. Rogova); informatization of education and various aspects of the use of information technologies in education (V.P. Bespalko, B.G. Gershunsky, I.G. Zakharova, E.S. Polat, V.A. Tranev, I.V. Tranev); the influence of information technology on the content of specialist training (A.P. Ershov, V.S. Lednev, E.I. Mashbits, I.V. Robert); psychological and pedagogical aspects of information technology training of specialists (V.A. Sadykova); training of dual qualified specialists (N.Sh. Valeeva, A.M. Kochnev); various conditions for ensuring professional training of civil servants (L.A. Vasilenko, Yu.N. Karpova, N.L. Uvarova); professional training of translators at the theoretical, methodological and linguistic levels (I.S. Alekseeva, V.N. Komissarov, L.K. Latyshev, R.K. Minyar-Beloruchev, O.G. Oberemko, E.R. Porshneva, V.I. Provotvorov, I.I. Khaleeva).

Various aspects of the professional competence of a translator were touched upon by domestic ones (I.S. Alekseeva, Ya.B. Emelyanova, V.N. Komissarov, L.K. Latyshev, R.K. Minyar-Beloruchev, O.G. Oberemko, E.R. Porshneva, Z.G. Proshina, K.V. Shaposhnikov) and foreign scientists (M. Ballar, R. Bell, V. Wilss, D. Guadek, U. Kautz, D. Kairali, V. Koller, S. Campbell, A. Neubert,

K. Nord, P. Newmark, A. Pym, M. Presas, R. Tinsley, G. Turi, B. Harris, L. Hewson, G. Shreve), who actively began to raise issues of the information and technological component of the translator’s activity (D Kairali, B. Mossop, K. Nord, P. Newmark, M. Presas, D. Robinson, M. Sofer, R. Tinsley) and certain aspects of its formation (F. Ausmühl, L. Bowker, M. Baker, K Gerding-Sales, J. Godfrey, D. Guadek, J. Zampolli,

3. Yuste, A. Pim, G. Laszlo, O. Craciunescu, R. Criss, S. Stringer-O'Keeffe,

4. Necks). Domestic researchers considered the conditions for ensuring effective preparation of students for the use of information technologies in the future professional activities of an economist (A.L. Denisov, Zh.V. Inozemtsev, E.A. Kovalev), a lawyer (V.P. Shumilin), a military man (O. A. Kozlov), teacher (V.V. Aleynikov, N.N. Dikanskaya, G.A. Kruchinina, E.I. Kuznetsov, M.P. Lapchik, L.D. Maltsev).

Analysis of the above scientific works allows us to talk about the timeliness of the research undertaken, because At present, the structure and content of the non-linguistic component of translator training have not been studied much; the specifics of training translators with the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, as well as the content and formation of their information technology competence, have not been the subject of special study. Thus, there are contradictions:

Between the development of the informational nature of modern society and its technological effectiveness and the lack of development of the pedagogical foundations for the formation of information and technological competence of future specialists, including “translators in the field of professional communication”;

Between the changed requirements for the activities of a translator, which resulted in the introduction of an additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, and the lack of development of the theoretical foundations for the design of this type of professional training;

Between the objective practice of implementing an additional qualification program, on the one hand, and the insufficient development of the problem in theoretical and practical terms, on the other hand.

These contradictions determine the research problem, which is formulated as follows: what place does information technology competence occupy in the structure of the activity of a “translator in the field of professional communication”, what are the pedagogical foundations for its design and formation during the educational process at a university?

The purpose of the study: to determine and justify the composition and features of the content of education in the field of developing information technology competence of a translator with additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, to test them in experimental work, to outline ways and directions for further research of this problem.

Object of study: professional training of future “translators in the field of professional communication” in a higher vocational educational institution.

Subject of research: the formation of information and technological competence of the future “translator in the field of professional communication.”

Research hypothesis: the process of training a specialist at a university for the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” will be effective if:

Pedagogical conditions have been developed to ensure that the professional training of a “translator in the field of professional communication” meets the requirements of the information society;

The structure and content of the information technology competence of a “translator in the field of professional communication” have been determined;

Software and methodological support for the formation of information technology competence of a future translator during his training at a university has been developed.

In accordance with the purpose, object, subject and hypothesis of the study, the following tasks were set:

1. Based on the analysis of scientific, pedagogical, psychological and translation literature: a) determine the structure of competencies of a “translator in the field of professional communication”; b) determine the place of information technology competence in it; c) identify approaches to its formation.

2. To develop and test a set of pedagogical conditions for the formation of information and technological competence of a “translator in the field of professional communication” in the process of acquiring additional qualifications at a university.

3. Develop didactic support for a course on computer support for translation, including the course program, thematic and calendar plans, as well as select information and computer resources and tools adequate to the goals set.

4. Conduct a pilot test of the effectiveness of the developed conditions for the formation of information technology competence of future translators.

The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, reflecting the universal connection and interdependence of phenomena and allowing us to explore the essence of all components of the pedagogical education system; a competency-based approach, which involves the formation of competence as an integrative ability to mobilize knowledge, abilities, skills and personal qualities organized in a system, depending on the goal, context, situation, role and function performed; cultural approach as a specific scientific methodology for cognition and transformation of pedagogical reality, implemented in pedagogical practice as the principle of cultural conformity, personal-activity approach as a specific methodological principle, which is aimed at the formation of specialists who have not only a high level of intellectual development, but also capable of active professional activity, which is a condition for personal development.

The theoretical basis of the study is:

Theoretical provisions of system-functional, integrative, qualification approaches to designing the content of professional training and developing a model of a modern specialist (A.A. Kirsanov, N.V. Kuzmina, A.K. Markova, V.E. Rodionov, E.E. Smirnova , V.M. Sokolov, G.V. Sukhodolsky, H.J1. Uvarova);

The theory of the competence approach (I.A. Zimnyaya, E.D. Bozhovich,

A.N. Dorofeev, A.K. Markova, V.M. Monakhov, A.I. Nizhnikov, V.A. Slastenin, E.N. Solovyova, Yu.G. Tatur, Yu.V. Frolov, A.V. Khutorskoy, J. Raven, N. Chomsky);

Activity theory (A.A. Verbitsky, J.I.C. Vygotsky, P.Ya. Galperin, N.V. Kuzmina, A.N. Leontyev, S.L. Rubinshtein, N.F. Talyzina);

Theoretical provisions about information technologies in education and its informatization (B.S. Gershunsky, I.A. Vasilenko, I.G. Zakharova, O.G. Levina, E.S. Polat, V.A. Tranev, I.V. . Tranev);

Scientific provisions on the readiness of a future specialist for professional activities (B.G. Ananyev, E.A. Klimov, L.A. Kandybovich,

B.A. Slastenin);

Provisions of the theory of teacher readiness to use information technologies (N.A. Oganesyants, I.G. Zakharova, G.A. Kruchinina);

Theory of translation competence (M. Ballard, R. Bell, V. Wilss, D. Guadek, J. Delisle, D. Kairali, U. Kautz, W. Koller, S. Campbell, A. Neubert, K. Nord, P. Newmark, A. Pym, M. Presas, R. Tinsley, G. Turi, B. Harris, A. Hurtado, L. Hewson, G. Shreve, V.N. Komissarov, E.R. Porshneva, E.G. Ten);

Theoretical provisions on the information technology competence of a translator (D. Kairali, B. Mossop, K. Nord, P. Newmark, M. Presas, Z.G. Proshina, D. Robinson, M. Sofer, R. Tinsley);

Theoretical provisions on training information technology competence of a translator and its composition (F. Ausmühl, JI. Bowker, M. Baker, K. Gerding-Sales, J. Godfrey, D. Guadek, G. Zampolli, E. Yuste, O. Craciunescu , R. Criss, G. Laszlo, A. Pim, S. Stringer-O'Keeffe, C. Shei, P.S. Brook, A.JI. Semenov, Y.V. Thiessen, A.P. Chuzhakin);

History of translation, translation activities and translation training (I.S. Alekseeva, N.K. Garbovsky, V.N. Komissarov, A.N. Panasiev, O.V. Petrova, E.R. Porshneva, V.V. Sdobnikov , O.E. Semenets, S.V. Tyulenev, A.V. Fedorov);

Theory and practice of translation (JI.C. Barkhudarov, M.P. Brandes, Yu.N. Vannikov, V.S. Vinogradov, V.T. Kovalchuk, V.N. Komissarov, L.K. Latyshev, I. Levy, A. Lilova, I. I. Revzin, Y. I. Retzker, V. Yu. Rosenzweig,

A.V. Fedorov, A.D. Schweitzer);

Fundamentals of teaching translation (I.S. Alekseeva, R.K. Minyar-Beloruchev,

B.N. Komissarov, L.K. Latyshev, A.F. Shiryaev, V.I. Provotvorov).

Research methods. To solve the problems and verify the starting points, a set of complementary research methods was used, including: theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the research problem, study and analysis of teaching experience, a pedagogical experiment, during which questionnaires, testing, observation, surveys and the method of expert assessments were used; qualitative and quantitative analysis of experimental results.

The leading conceptual and terminological apparatus of the research includes such concepts as “additional qualifications”, “translator in the field of professional communication”, “professional translation activities”, “professional competence of a translator”, “information and technological competence of a translator”.

Additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” - a qualification awarded to graduates who have graduated from universities with specialties of higher professional education and who, during their studies in the main specialty, have completed the State requirements for the minimum content and level of professional training of a graduate to obtain the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” "(State requirements).

A translator in the field of professional communication is a translator whose activities are aimed at implementing intercultural communication in the field of his main professional activity (State requirements).

Professional translation activity is a special speech-thinking activity, which is a multifunctional type of interlingual and intercultural communication and consists in comprehending and transmitting the content of a text created in the language of one culture, by reformulating it in the language of another culture in written or oral form, for the information accuracy of which the translator bears full responsibility (E.R. Porshneva).

The professional competence of a translator is an integral set of bilingual, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject, actual translation and information technology competencies, which is a complex set of knowledge, abilities, skills, psychological properties and personality traits (abilities) potentially necessary for the implementation of professional translation activities (working definition).

Information technology competence of a translator is an integral component of a translator’s professional competence, which is a set of knowledge, abilities, skills and ability to use information resources and technologies, software and network tools for carrying out professional translation activities using a computer, the formation of which is a prerequisite for the development of professional translator's competence, contributes to further self-improvement in professional translation activities (working definition).

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it:

The content of the information and technological component of the system for developing the professional competence of a translator has been developed;

The conditions for the formation of information and technological competence of a future specialist with additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” are revealed;

The development of a complex integrative discipline “Computer support of translation” for specialists with additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” is justified.

The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it:

A theoretical justification is given for the specific competence of a “translator in the field of professional communication”;

The theoretical justification is given to the need to highlight and define the content of competence in the field of using information technology in the model of competence of a modern specialist and its reflection in the standards of higher professional education of the new generation;

The information and technological component of a translator’s professional competence is specified and clarified, which can be used in the development of standards for higher professional education of a new generation in translation specialties.

The practical significance of the study is that:

The content of the training of a future specialist with additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication” in the field of using information technologies in his professional activities has been determined;

Program documentation and educational materials for the course “Computer Support for Translation” have been developed, which can be used in training future specialists with the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, in training future specialists in the specialty “Translation and Translation Studies” (qualification “translator. Linguist"), as well as in the system of advanced training of translators.

Experimental research base. Experimental work was carried out on the basis of the Volga-Vyatka Academy of Public Administration (VVAGS) and Nizhny Novgorod State University named after. N.I. Lobachevsky (NNSU). The pedagogical experiment involved 238 students of the VVAGS Faculty of State and Municipal Administration, studying in the specialties “Jurisprudence”, “Finance and Credit”, “Public and Municipal Administration” and additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, as well as 74 students from UNN.

Main stages of the study. The study was carried out over eight years from 1999 to 2006 and included three stages.

At the first stage (1999-2001), the topic of the dissertation research was formulated, its object and subject were determined; scientific literature was analyzed. Methodological, pedagogical, psychological, linguistic and other literature on the topic under study was studied. A hypothesis was formulated and the research objectives were defined. Ascertaining studies were carried out within the framework of a pedagogical experiment, during which the following tasks were solved:

The level of information culture among university students was determined using the example of VVAGS students;

The indicators of psychological readiness of students for the educational process based on the use of computer technologies in the study of the discipline “Computer Support for Translation” are analyzed;

Psychological, pedagogical, and methodological features that arise when using a computer in the process of teaching translation have been identified;

It was found out how the use of computer technologies influences the process of developing information and technological competence of students;

The role of the teacher in classes on “Computer support for translation” has been defined.

At the second, educational stage of the experiment (2002-2004), the accumulation of factual material continued, the features of interaction between the teacher and students in classes on “Computer Support for Translation” were identified, including the difficulties of a psychological and didactic-methodological nature in such classes. . A program of experimental work was developed aimed at identifying the effectiveness and optimization of the educational process of teaching electronic means of translator work.

Based on the systematization of the capabilities of information and computer tools and resources, a selection was made and a classification of translation tools and resources was developed, and an analysis of their use for translation activities was carried out.

At this stage of the experiment, observations of the work of groups and conversations with students were also carried out in order to clarify their attitude to experimental learning and evaluate its effectiveness.

At the third stage (2004-2006), experimental work continued on developing the information and technological competence of future translators, and the place of the course “Computer Support for Translation” in the system of training “translators in the field of professional communication” was clarified. In parallel with the work being carried out, changes in students' attitudes towards the use of information and computer technologies in translation practice, as well as changes in the nature and frequency of their use, were monitored. A comparative analysis of translations using computer technology made by students before and after studying the course was carried out. The data obtained were processed and systematized, as a result of which final conclusions were formulated on the theoretical and practical parts of the study.

Testing and implementation of research results. The results of the study were discussed at the International Scientific and Methodological Conference “Pedagogical Management and Progressive Technologies in Education” (Penza, 2000), the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Quality of Life: Problems of Systematic Scientific Justification” (Lipetsk, 2000). ), International scientific and methodological conference “Modern technologies for training and retraining of management personnel for state and municipal services” (Khabarovsk, 2000), All-Russian scientific correspondence conference “Education at the turn of the millennium” (Tver, 2000) , All-Russian conference “Foreign language - XXI century: current problems of methods of teaching foreign languages ​​at universities” (Nizhny Novgorod, 2000), as well as at methodological seminars and meetings of the Department of Foreign Languages ​​of the VVAGS and the Department of English for Humanities of the Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky.

The reliability and validity of the research results and the conclusions drawn on their basis are ensured by the initial methodological positions corresponding to the subject of the study, research methods adequate to the assigned tasks, and reliance on modern theoretical and practical developments in pedagogy, psychology, linguistics, computer science and translation studies.

Main provisions submitted for defense:

1. The formation of information and technological competence of future translators in the field of professional communication is an integral component of their professional training for the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”. The design of a translator’s information technology competence is based on the idea of ​​the inalienability of the information technology component in the structure of a specialist’s professional activity in the era of the information society and new technological working conditions. The formation of information technology competence contributes to the development of the general professional competence of students, thereby contributing to the holistic training of a specialist.

2. The integral set of professional competence of a “translator in the field of professional communication” includes, along with bilingual, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject and translation competences, information and technological competence. This is due to the fact that this competence allows you to optimize and rationalize the process of a translator’s work in the information society.

3. The set of pedagogical conditions ensuring the formation of information and technological competence of a translator includes:

Theoretical substantiation of the role and place of this competence in the integral set of professional competence of a translator, which, in turn, determines the structure and content of the formation of this competence;

Information and computer resources and tools that support translation activities, a system of tasks aimed at their development;

Taking into account the motivational and psychological state of the student;

Interdisciplinary and integrative qualifications of a teacher, whose total professional competence includes pedagogical, psychological, bilinguistic, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject, translation and information technology competencies. The combination of these conditions ensures increased motivation of students to use information and computer technologies to support their educational and future professional translation activities.

4. The course “Computer support of translation” in the general system of training “translator in the field of professional communication” is an integrative interdisciplinary course that allows you to simulate the practical activities of a translator at the stage when he already knows bilingual, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject and translation competencies, since it relies on previously formed skills and abilities related to these competencies and contributes to their further development.

5. The content of the course “Computer Support for Translation” covers the study of information resources and technologies, software and network tools suitable for carrying out professional translation activities using a computer. This corresponds to the changed conditions of professional translation activity in the modern information society and ensures the competitiveness of the future “translator in the field of professional communication” in the modern translation services market.

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  • Methodological system for training students in the specialty "translator" in the modern language situation in Tajikistan 2011, candidate of pedagogical sciences Yunusova, Anna Abdulatifovna

Conclusion of the dissertation on the topic “Theory and Methods of Vocational Education”, Inyutin, Nikolai Gavrilovich

Conclusions on the third chapter

1. The research carried out at the ascertaining stage of the experiment led to the conclusion about the need to develop the information and technological competence of future “Translators in the field of professional communication”, because Most students use computer tools in one way or another when preparing their translations, although they are not satisfied with the results of their use, regardless of the level of general information technology competence. The desire to use modern technologies in translation activities was in conflict with ignorance of the tools and resources that are suitable for use in translation activities, so students spoke in favor of introducing a special course that would promote the use of computers in the context of future professional activities.

2. The formation of information and technological competence of a translator is possible on the basis of the course “Computer Support for Translation”, subject to the creation of an appropriate educational information and computer environment that models the use of a computer in translation activities, i.e. creation of a computer workstation for a translator.

3. Creating a computer workstation for a translator requires an analysis of the resources and tools that translators use in their professional activities, their classification, and selection of the most relevant ones from the point of view of solving the problems of future professional activity.

4. The translator’s computer workstation consists of:

1) computer hardware (a system unit that provides work with sound, graphics and video, Internet access, reading and writing information on removable media, storing a large amount of data (hard drive); a monitor that ensures comfortable work; a printer for fast and high-quality printing; a scanner for entering information into a computer; a microphone for entering voice information; a keyboard for long-term comfortable work; a mouse or other convenient-to-use manipulator);

2) software (software), which, together with hardware, provide the translator with various capabilities and allow him to perform various types of operations necessary for him to perform tasks in the course of his professional activities (general-purpose programs (archivers, antiviruses, file managers, system recovery programs after failures, programs for optimizing system operation); programs for recognizing (character, voice) information; programs for converting source and output text information; converters of text elements (transliterators, transnumerators, etc.); word processors and formatting tools; checking systems (spelling , grammar, style); linguistic translation utilities (concordances); machine translation systems; translation drives; programs for searching, organizing and statistical processing of information; programs for working with Internet resources; tools for recording and printing translation);

3) local electronic resources (dictionaries, reference books, text corpora, parallel text corpora);

4) Internet network resources (dictionaries, glossaries, reference books, encyclopedias; searching, converting information, machine translation, text checking tools, consultations with fellow translators and specialists, receiving and delivering translations to the customer, professional periodicals, unions).

5. The skills and abilities necessary to work at a “typical” computer workstation of a translator, related to the implementation of the information technology competence of a translator, form the following groups:

Linguistic and technological (thesaurus, spell checker, dictionaries, text corpora, parallel texts),

Communication technology (email, web browser),

Information retrieval (dictionaries, encyclopedias, search servers, library catalogues, text corpora, parallel texts, translation storage, terminology databases),

Information and management (management of translation storage, management of dictionary and terminological databases, files),

Production and technological (character/voice recognition systems, word processor, translation drive interface, keyboard utilities);

Technical and technological (hardware, means of maintaining operability of operating systems).

These groups of skills and abilities only regroup the functional spectrum of translation activity in a different way.

6. Professional translation as an integral part of the document processing process requires that the translator can work effectively using electronic means throughout the entire technological chain, starting from receiving the original text (on paper, electronically on a floppy disk, CD/DVD disk or by e-mail ) before providing it in the appropriate form to the customer. Therefore, the structure of the course “Computer Support for Translation” should be based on a technological principle, and the structure of the course “Computer Support for Translation” should reflect the technology of working with text, depending on the available tools and resources, as well as the specifics of the type and type of the ordered translation product .

7. Intellectual activity in mastering information and computer technologies presupposes the presence of bilingual, cultural-cognitive, subject-specific and translation competencies, as well as the ability to demonstrate mental and cognitive activity, independence and self-organization when solving translation problems. The ability to solve professional translation problems in the situation of using information and computer technologies is based on complex interdisciplinary knowledge, skills and abilities that contribute to the development of the professional thinking of the future translator and ensure his readiness for the practical use of information and computer tools in his professional activities.

The formation of information technology competence becomes effective after future translators have accumulated a “critical mass” of knowledge, skills and abilities during their studies at a university. This allows them to widely rely on the experience acquired during the development of a block of practical language and translation disciplines.

Students have the opportunity to widely use the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired during the course of studying the course “Computer support of translation” in further study of the discipline “Practical course of professionally oriented translation” and during translation practice.

8. The educational process should be focused on the development of creative thinking (creativity), responsibility, independence and cooperation in solving problems, because they acquire the status of professionally important qualities in the context of translation activities.

The most effective methods from the point of view of cultivating flexible, self-developing systems of professional knowledge and abilities are the methods of cooperation pedagogy. Their use contributes to the formation of intellectual skills necessary for further independent and creative work in translation projects implemented by teams of several translators working on a large text array.

9. A teacher implementing the Computer Supported Translation course can act as a researcher, coordinator, consultant, facilitator, or expert. His integral professional competence includes pedagogical, psychological, bilingual, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject, translation and information technology competence. This condition ensures an increase in students’ motivation to use information and computer tools to support their educational and future professional activities.

10. Analysis of the results of an experimental study on the formation of information and technological competence of the future “Translator in the field of professional communication” based on the course “Computer Support for Translation” showed the feasibility of training in the use of information and computer tools and resources in translation activities, because it contributed to making it easier for students to navigate the choice of computer tools and resources; got a taste for using a computer; realized that the computer makes work easier, felt more confident in handling the computer; noticed an improvement in translation quality.

All graduates who received the additional qualification “Translator in the Field of Professional Communication” use computer translation software, and 96% believe that they do this successfully. All students consider information and computer resources to be an indispensable source of information, and 100% consider working with information and computer translation tools to be an integral part of translation activities.

Training within the framework of this course has a positive impact on the development of the general information technology competence of students.

CONCLUSION

1. The study showed that translation activity, which arose in ancient times, throughout the history of its development has been highly adaptable to the sociocultural conditions of the development of society. The changed sociocultural situation in Russia at the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st centuries. caused a wide diversification and specialization of translation work, as well as the need to train a large number of translators and new approaches to its organization, which contributed to the introduction of the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, the training for which differs from the training of a “linguist translator”.

2. It has been established that in the new technological conditions of the information society, the content of professional translation activities is changing, which is impossible without the use of information and computer tools and resources, and training for additional qualifications “translator in the field of professional communication” should contribute to the perception of the computer as a component of the future professional environment activities of a translator.

3. The lack of development of the theoretical foundations of the information technology component of translator training, revealed during the study, necessitated the construction of a holistic model of a translator’s professional competence, in which the place of a separate component, information technology competence, was determined. The research materials allow us to say that information and technological competence, along with bilingual, cultural-cognitive, professional-subject and translation itself, is an integral component of the professional competence of a translator. The information and technological competence of a translator is a set of knowledge, abilities, skills and ability to use information resources and technologies, software and network tools to carry out professional translation activities using a computer.

4. During the pedagogical research, a special course “Computer Support for Translation” was developed and tested, aimed at developing the information technology competence of the future translator. The analysis of information and computer tools and resources used in translation activities made it possible to select the thematic content and structure of the course “Computer Support for Translation”, determine its purpose, tasks, skills and abilities formed on its basis, which formed the basis for the developed discipline program, thematic and calendar plan .

5. Based on the developed model for the formation of professional competence of a translator, the course “Computer Support of Translation” was integrated into the curriculum for the additional qualification “translator in the field of professional communication”, according to which it is studied at the stage when students can rely on the entire spectrum, previously acquired competencies, and use information technology competence during further translation training.

6. The results of an experimental study on the formation of information and technological competence of a “future translator in the field of professional communication” based on the course “Computer Support for Translation” showed that this course served as a means of developing the information and technological competence of future translators and the research hypothesis was confirmed.

7. The results of the experiment on the formation of information technology competence of a “translator in the field of professional communication” prove the effectiveness of pedagogical conditions aimed at developing information technology competence, which, along with the development of a scientifically based model of translator competencies; identifying the specifics of the translator's competency model in the field of professional communication in the information society; the development and implementation of a model for developing translator competencies involves the creation of an integrated interdisciplinary course “Computer support of translation” in the training system for additional qualifications “Translator in the field of professional communication”; selection of its content; development of educational software for the course “Computer Support for Translation”; interdisciplinary and integrative qualifications of a teacher, whose total professional competence includes pedagogical, psychological, bilingual, translation and information technology.

8. Generalizations made on the basis of experimental work allow us to conclude that the content of the translator training system needs to be supplemented and the formation of information technology competence must be carried out, which brings the translator training system into line with the goals, objectives, and content of professional work determined by sociocultural changes. translation activities, interdisciplinary in nature and requiring knowledge of modern information and computer technologies.

9. The typology of information and computer tools and resources suitable for use in translation activities undertaken in the dissertation research can represent the basis for organizing a translator’s computer workstation in educational institutions when organizing similar courses, and serve as the basis for further development of the problem.

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305. ADDITION TO THE CURRICULUM

306. Specialty 061000 “State and municipal management” (for groups of in-depth study of a foreign language)

307. Name of the discipline Distribution by semester Total time fund (hours) Including Distribution of hours of group classes by course and semester

308. Exams (sem.) Diff. tests (sem.) Abstracts and coursework Audit, time fund from it Ind. zan. Myself. work 1st course 2nd course 3rd course 4th course 5th course

309. Lectures Lab. zan. Pract. zan. Semin, classes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

310. F.O.OO Electives (1564 hours)

311. Practical course of in-depth study of a foreign language 2.4 1.3.5 1564 782 782 782 136 136 136 136 136 102

312. Total for the training block Number of hours of training 1564 782 782 782 136 136 136 136 136 102

313. Number of exams 2 1 1

314. Number of diff. tests 3 1 1 1

315. Number of classroom hours per week. 8 8 8 8 8 61. CURRICULUM for additional qualification “TRANSPRETER IN THE FIELD OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION”

316. Name of the discipline Distribution by semester Community time fund (hours) Including Distribution by course and semester hours of group classes

317. Exams (sem) Dnf. tests (sem.) Abstracts and term papers Audit, time fund from it Ind. zan. Myself. work 1st course 2nd course 3rd course 4th course 5th course

318. Lectures Lab. zan Prakt. zan. Semnn. classes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

319. ODOO General disciplines (748 units)

320. Introduction to linguistics 5 68 34 16 18 34 34

321. Fundamentals of the theory of the target language 6 136 68 34 34 68 68

322. Practical course in a foreign language 8.9 6.7 476 238 238 238 34 68 68 68

323. Stylistics of the Russian language and culture of speech 5 68 34 18 16 34 34

324. SD.OO Special disciplines (752 hours)

325. Translation theory 7 68 34 18 16 34 34

326. Practical course of professionally oriented translation 8.9 6.7 476 238 238 238 34 68 68 68

327. Written translation workshop 6,7,8 100 (36 cgr) 100 12s. 12s. 12s.

328. Computer support for translation 8 108 51 51 6 51 51

329. Total for training blocks Number of training hours 1500 697 86 527 84 6 797 68 136 136 187 136

330. Number of exams 6 1 1 2 2

331. Number of diff. tests II 2 2 3 2 1

332. Number of classroom hours per week 4 8 8 11 8

333. Distribution of teaching hours by semester 68 166 166 217 3161. CURRICULUM

334. Discipline: Computer support for translation Total hours according to the curriculum 108 Of which: classroom hours -51

335. Independent work -511. Individual lessons 6

336. Form of control: test in the 8th semester1. Purpose and objectives of the discipline

337. Thematic content of practical classes Section 1. Computers and peripheral devices Components of a computer and their use by a translator in his professional activities. Sanitary standards when working with computers. Ergonomic security.

338. Keyboard utilities. Utilities for expanding the capabilities of the clipboard.

339. Basic formats text documents. Programs for converting text document formats.

340. Application of utilities-converters of text elements. Utilities for transliterating text, utilities for writing numbers in words, programs for converting numbers into different measurement systems.

341. Electronic text corpora. Parallel text corpora. Using concordance programs for linguistic translation analysis of a text corpus. Using statistical and search utilities.

342. Section 7. Translation memory systems (translation drives) Capabilities of translation drives and the range of their applications.

343. Software for the effective work of a translator on the Internet (browsers, link catalogers, programs for downloading materials, email programs).

344. Independent work and consultations The student’s independent work includes preparation for practical classes and preparation for tests.

345. Consultations are held during the 8th semester as students apply.

346. VOLGA-VYATSK ACADEMY OF PUBLIC SERVICE Department of Foreign Languages ​​Thematic plan Additional qualification “Translator in the field of professional communication”

347. Discipline: Computer support for translation

348. Topic General time fund Classroom time fund Lectures Practical classes Seminars Individual, classes Independent work

349. Computers and peripheral devices 2 1 1 1

350. Working in the Windows 8 operating system 4 4 4

351. Word processors and spreadsheets 16 8 8 8

352. Programs for information recognition and conversion 12 6 6 6

353. Electronic resources of the translator 20 10 10 10

354. Machine translation systems 16 8 8 8

355. Translation drives 20 10 10 10

356. Internet in the work of a translator 8 4 4 41. Total: 10 8 51 51 6 51

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