RU is an electrical installation used for receiving and distributing electrical energy and containing:
Switching devices;
Prefabricated and connecting busbars;
Auxiliary devices (combined, accumulating, etc.)
Protection devices, automation and measuring devices.
According to the placement conditions, closed (closed switchgear) and open (open switchgear) are divided.
ZRU - in premises, buildings;
outdoor switchgear outdoors.
According to the design they are distinguished:
Regular (RU);
Integrated (KRU).
Complex switchgear systems consist of closed cabinets or blocks with devices, protection and automation devices built into them. Switchgears are manufactured for indoor and outdoor installation (KRUN).
A transformer substation (TS) is an electrical installation that serves for the conversion and distribution of electrical energy and consists of:
Transformers;
Distribution devices;
Control devices;
Auxiliary structures.
Depending on the type of reactor plant included in the TP there may be:
Open;
Closed;
Complete.
Complete transformer substations are divided into indoor substations (KTP) and outdoor substations (KTPN).
An open transformer substation whose equipment is installed on power line supports at a height is called a pole (mast) substation.
TPs used for industrial enterprises are usually complete devices made according to standard schemes switching and having universal application, i.e. the ability to use for power supply of various enterprises differing in nature and production technology, but similar in parameters of electrical loads (by type of current, voltage, power).
The PUE divides the reactor into 2 groups:
Above 1000V.
Electrical circuits of switchgear voltage up to and above 1000V are divided into:
Primary;
Secondary.
Up to 1000V
RU up to 1000V are performed in the form:
Control station panels;
Distribution and line boards;
Remotes;
Bus terminals;
Assemblies, etc. installed indoors or outdoors.
Switchboards, input devices, consoles, shields and other distribution devices of modern designs are complete complete devices for receiving and distributing electricity, controlling and protecting against overloads and short circuits. They contain switching and protective devices, measuring instruments, automation equipment (including in some cases) and auxiliary devices. When using complete devices, labor costs for installation are significantly reduced and the performance of networks is improved.
Boards are divided into distribution, control, relay, alarm and control. They are metal structures made up of separate panels, control panels or cabinets on which the instruments and devices provided for by the project are located, as well as busbars and secondary circuit wiring for connecting the installed equipment.
Distribution boards are designed for receiving and distributing electricity in networks with voltages up to 1000 V and, depending on the design, are divided into single- and double-sided service, panel and cabinet.
Single-sided service panels (SSC) are produced in several types and are manufactured in open and closed versions. The first panels are assembled from panels and installed in special electrical rooms, the second ones are made from cabinets with seals and are placed directly in the workshops. Single-sided service panels are made up of standard panels - linear, input and sectional. Linear panels are used to connect electricity consumers to the busbars, input panels are used to connect busbar and cable inputs, sectional panels are used to section (isolate) busbars for rated connection currents. The sides of the outer panels of the shield are covered with end panels with a protective and decorative door.
Panels of all types have a single frame made of bent steel sheets 2-3 mm thick, on which protective and switching protective devices and measuring instruments are installed. All parts for attaching devices are also made from bent steel profiles. The busbar is carried out using flat aluminum busbars on insulators. Busbars are placed at the top of the panel. The main standard panels are produced with a width of 800, a height of 2160 (without a removable cornice - 1950) and a depth of 550 mm.
Switches and fuses on linear panels are mounted on a common plate: the lower posts of the switch are combined with the upper fuse posts, which reduces the height of the plate. These plates with devices up to 400 A are installed in two rows. The drive handles are placed on the panel posts on both sides of the doorway, and the machine handles are brought out to the facade through rectangular holes in the panel door.
At present, ShchO-70 switchboards are still widely used (Fig. 29, a, b), the panels and cabinets of which can have different designs, allowing the implementation of switchgears provided for by the design. Both panels and cabinets ShchO-70 have dimensions 2200Х600Х (800--1100) mm and maximum connection current 2000 A.
Rice. 29. Panels ShchO-70 (a - for four connections, b - input with AVM-20) and PRS (c): 1, 3 - switches with fuses, 2 - current transformer, 4 - traverses with insulators, 5 - switch, 6 - signal lamp, 7 - cornice, 8 - AVM switch
Double-sided (or free-standing) distribution boards are more convenient to use, but require more space. Shields made from PRS panels have become widely used (Fig. 29, c). These boards are not protected from above and from behind, therefore they are intended for installation in electrical rooms. PRS panels in height, depth and appearance are similar to control and protection panels, which makes it easier to assemble them together at substations and in machine rooms. They are produced in widths of 600 and 800, height of 2400 and depth of 550 mm.
Standard PRS panels are used to assemble distribution boards for double-sided service with voltages up to 1000 V. The designation of panels, for example PRS-1-15, is deciphered as follows: free-standing distribution, busbar stability 1, panel diagram number 15. Maintenance, repair and connection of devices is carried out from the rear side panels, with the exception of panels with automatic machines that have a single-leaf door. In panels with devices with rated currents of 600 and 1000 A and circuit breakers with 400 A, busbar assemblies are provided for connecting several cables.
Rice. thirty.
Distribution boards for double-sided service are also equipped with standard PD panels and SD cabinets. These panels are more economical in terms of material consumption and are more convenient to manufacture and maintain. PD panels, open at the top and rear, are installed in electrical rooms, and SD cabinets (Fig. 30), closed at the top and rear, are installed in production rooms. Panels made from PD panels and SD cabinets are a complete device, fully connected and configured according to the required circuits. These panels and cabinets can be used to assemble switchgear for package transformer substations.
Input distribution devices (IDUs) are designed for receiving and distributing electricity and protecting outgoing lines in three-phase 380/220 V networks with a solidly grounded neutral. The most common devices are VRU-70, the panels and cabinets of which can have different designs that allow you to assemble the switchgear provided by the project. Input and distribution devices are made in the form of single- and double-sided service panels, as well as cabinet type. The configuration of the ASU series is carried out in different ways, for example, in one of the series there are three types of input and 28 types of distribution cabinets.
A typical entrance cabinet is a metal structure (overall dimensions 1700X800X500 mm), on the frame of which a frame with equipment is mounted. In a typical distribution cabinet (in the upper part in a separate compartment) metering equipment, switching devices and lighting control are located. Wires and cables are entered from below, and output is carried out both from below and from above through the upper removable cover. At the base on which the ASU is installed, cable channels or pits are made. The lower frames of each panel have four holes for fastening with bolts, pins, etc. The panels are also connected to each other with bolts. After installation, alignment and final fastening of the panels and the device as a whole, the panel housings are grounded by connecting the neutral conductors of the supply cables to the neutral bus, common to all panels. Input distribution devices VRU-70, the overall dimensions of which are 2000X 500X (450 ~ 1100) mm, have some features. They do not have top or back closures. VRU-70 panels (Fig. 31) are installed in electrical rooms against the wall, and for installation in a production room they are equipped with a lockable front door and rear wall.
Rice. 31.
Group distribution panels for lighting are complete devices for switching and protecting lighting networks. They produce shields for residential buildings and general purpose, intended for industrial and civil buildings. Panels for residential buildings (storey, apartment and combined) are manufactured in various modifications.
Installation of distribution points
Marking of installation locations (board position, binding). Performed during construction work until the floors are clean and the premises are finished.
Fix staples and brackets in the walls for fastening fittings and insulators.
The main base frame on which the shield will be fixed is laid and secured in the floor.
Laying of grounding loops and taps is carried out.
Installation of blocks or sections on several panels on a plinth frame (assembled and adjusted in the MZU).
Alignment of shield sections in vertical and horizontal planes.
Fastening to the base with bolts and welding (the sections are pre-assembled, aligned and fastened together).
Measuring instruments are delivered in boxes separately from the panels, installed and connected after the panels are assembled.
The panels of the shield and its parts are marked when sent from the factory.
During assembly, they are guided by working drawings.
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Topic: Switchgears up to 1000 V and their operation.
Switchboards, input devices, consoles, shields and other distribution devices of modern designs are complete complete devices for receiving and distributing electricity, controlling and protecting against overloads and short circuits. They contain switching and protective devices, measuring instruments, automation equipment (in some cases) and auxiliary devices. When using complete devices, labor costs for installation are significantly reduced and the performance of networks is improved.
Boards are divided into distribution, control, relay, alarm and control. They are metal structures made up of separate panels, control panels or cabinets on which the instruments and devices provided for by the project are located, as well as busbars and secondary circuit wiring for connecting the installed equipment. Let's look at some types of shields.
Distribution boards are designed for receiving and distributing electricity in networks with voltages up to 1000 V and, depending on the design, are divided into single- and double-sided service, panel and cabinet.
Single-sided service distribution boards (lean-to type) are designed for installation directly next to the walls of the electrical room and for service from the front side. All drives and control handles are located on the façade, and for inspection, maintenance and repair there is a single-leaf door on the back side of the panel. Compared to other shield designs, leaning shields require less area and are more economical.
Single-sided service panels (SSC) are produced in several types and are manufactured in open and closed versions. The first panels are assembled from panels and installed in special electrical rooms, the second ones are made from cabinets with seals and are placed directly in the workshops. Single-sided service panels are made up of standard panels - linear, input and sectional. Linear panels are used to connect electricity consumers to the busbars, input panels are used to connect busbar and cable inputs, sectional panels are used to section (isolate) busbars for rated connection currents. The sides of the outer panels of the shield are covered with end panels with a protective and decorative door.
Panels of all types have a single frame made of bent steel sheets 2-3 mm thick, on which protective and switching protective devices and measuring instruments are installed. All parts for attaching devices are also made from bent steel profiles. The busbar is carried out using flat aluminum busbars on insulators. Busbars are placed at the top of the panel. The main standard panels are produced with a width of 800, a height of 2160 (without a removable cornice - 1950) and a depth of 550 mm.
Switches and fuses on linear panels are mounted on a common plate: the lower posts of the switch are combined with the upper fuse posts, which reduces the height of the plate. These plates with devices up to 400 A are installed in two rows. The drive handles are placed on the panel posts on both sides of the doorway, and the machine handles are brought out to the facade through rectangular holes in the panel door.
Currently, ShchO-70 switchboards are still widely used (Fig. 1, a, b), the panels and cabinets of which can have different designs, allowing the implementation of switchgears provided for by the design. Both panels and ShchO-70 cabinets have overall dimensions of 2200Х600Х (800-1100) mm and a maximum connection current of 2000 A.
Fig.80. Panels ShchO-70 (a - for four connections, b - input with AVM-20) and PRS (c):
1, 3 - switches with fuses, 2 - current transformer, 4 - traverses with insulators, 5 - switch, 6 - signal lamp, 7 - cornice, 8 - AVM switch
Double-sided (or free-standing) distribution boards are more convenient to use, but require more space. Shields made from PRS panels are widely used (Fig. 1, c). These boards are not protected from above and from behind, therefore they are intended for installation in electrical rooms. PRS panels are similar in height, depth and appearance to control and protection panels, which makes it easier to assemble them together at substations and in machine rooms. They are produced in widths of 600 and 800, height of 2400 and depth of 550 mm.
Standard PRS panels are used to assemble distribution boards for double-sided service with voltages up to 1000 V. The designation of panels, for example PRS-1-15, is deciphered as follows: free-standing distribution, busbar stability 1, panel diagram number 15. Maintenance, repair and connection of devices is carried out from the rear side panels, with the exception of panels with automatic machines that have a single-leaf door. In panels with devices with rated currents of 600 and 1000 A and circuit breakers with 400 A, busbar assemblies are provided for connecting several cables.
Fig.2. Linear cabinet series ШД
Distribution boards for double-sided service are also equipped with standard PD panels and SD cabinets. These panels are more economical in terms of material consumption and are more convenient to manufacture and maintain. PD panels, open at the top and rear, are installed in electrical rooms, and SD cabinets (Fig. 2), closed at the top and rear, are installed in production rooms. Panels made from PD panels and SD cabinets are a complete device, fully connected and configured according to the required circuits. These panels and cabinets can be used to assemble switchgear for package transformer substations. The busbars are located in the upper part for the convenience of directly connecting the side terminals from the transformers to them. Outgoing line protection devices are placed on the facade along the height of the panels in three rows.
According to their purpose, PD panels and SD cabinets are divided into linear, input and sectional. The height of all panels and cabinets is 2200, depth 550, width 600, 800 and 1000 mm. The panels are equipped with fuse blocks - BPV switch, BV switch and circuit breakers for rated connection currents from 100 to 2000 A. ATS relay equipment is placed in the input and sectional panels in a closed cabinet. The fuse-switch unit (Fig. 3, a, b) is a three-phase switching and protective device for rated currents up to 1000 A with a double circuit break, made together with the drive in the form of one device - BPV and BV.
In BPV blocks, switching on and off is carried out by fuse holders PN-2, mounted in the lever drive so that when the latter moves, the cartridges are given a linear movement. In the BV block, instead of fuse holders, copper knives are installed. The body of the unit is made of thin sheet steel and consists of a façade frame 1 with a door, two sidewalls and a plate 6 for installing insulators 5 with racks 4 of fuses 2. The drive is located on the body.
Fig.3. Fuse block - switch series BPV:
a - front view, b - side view; 1 - facade frame with door, 2 - fuses, 3 - drive handle, 4 - contact stand, 5 - insulator, 6 - plate
The units for installation in drawers and cabinets are equipped with a lock that prevents the door from opening when the door is on and from being turned on when the door is open. A locking device release is also provided, allowing fuses to be turned on and off for inspection and testing with the door open.
Input distribution devices (IDUs) are designed for receiving and distributing electricity and protecting outgoing lines in three-phase 380/220 V networks with a solidly grounded neutral. The most common devices are VRU-70, the panels and cabinets of which can have different designs that allow you to assemble the switchgear provided by the project.
Input distribution devices are made in the form of single- and double-sided service panels, as well as cabinet type. The configuration of the ASU series is carried out in different ways, for example, in one of the series there are three types of input and 28 types of distribution cabinets.
A typical entrance cabinet is a metal structure (overall dimensions 1700X800X500 mm), on the frame of which a frame with equipment is mounted. In a typical distribution cabinet (in the upper part in a separate compartment) metering equipment, switching devices and lighting control are located. Wires and cables are entered from below, and output is carried out both from below and from above through the upper removable cover. At the base on which the ASU is installed, cable channels or pits are made. The bottom frames of each panel have four holes for fastening with bolts, pins, etc. The panels are also connected to each other with bolts. After installation, alignment and final fastening of the panels and the device as a whole, the panel housings are grounded by connecting the neutral conductors of the supply cables to the neutral bus, common to all panels.
Input distribution devices VRU-70, the overall dimensions of which are 2000X 500X (450 ~ 1100) mm, have some features. They do not have top or back closures. VRU-70 panels (Fig. 4) are installed in electrical rooms against the wall, and for installation in a production room they are equipped with a lockable front door and rear wall.
Rice. 6. VRU-70 panel with two switches: 1 - PB switch, 2 - PN-2 fuse, 3 - current transformer, 4 - counter, 5 - test panel
Rice. 4. Floor shield
Distribution boards, points, cabinets
Group distribution panels for lighting are complete devices for switching and protecting lighting networks. They produce shields for residential buildings and general purposes, intended for industrial and civil buildings. Panels for residential buildings (storey, apartment and combined) are manufactured in various modifications.
The floor panel (Fig. 5) is made in the form of a frame with a chassis and a door. The chassis is equipped with protective and switching devices and clamps with connections made within the panel. Apartment panels have meters and devices for protecting group lines of the apartment network, if they are not located on the floor panels.
For electrical installations of industrial enterprises and public buildings they produce: group panels of the SU-9400 series (Fig. 6, a), points S-9500 and distribution points PR-9000 (Fig. 6, b) with one- and three-pole installation machines in a protected design , lighting panels of the OP, OSCH and OSCHV series in a protected design with automatic circuit breakers for 6 and 12 groups, panels of the UOSCHV series for 6 and 12 single-phase groups, designed for receiving and distributing electricity and protecting against overloads and short-circuit currents. lines of lighting networks 380/220 V with a solidly grounded neutral.
The shield is a steel box, inside of which the equipment is mounted on a removable chassis.
switchgear operation panel
Fig.6. Panel with installation machines SU-9400 (o) and power distribution point PR-9000 (b)
The handles of the machine guns are located on the front of the panel and closed with a door. There is a bolt on the side wall of the housing for connection to the grounding network. The top and bottom covers are removable. To enter a cable or pipe, remove the cover and press holes in it.
Power distribution cabinets SP and ShRS are used to distribute electricity and protect circuits from overloads and short circuits. One or two switches or a switch with fuses are provided at the cabinet input, and fuses are provided at the outgoing lines.
Operation of switchgear equipment
Inspections of switchgears (RU) are carried out with the following frequency: at facilities with permanent personnel duty - at least once a day and at least once a month in the dark to identify discharges and corona; at sites without permanent staff duty - at least once a month. Additional inspections are carried out in unfavorable weather (fog, heavy wet snow, ice). Objects in areas of intense pollution should also be inspected additionally.
During inspections of the reactor plant, the following is checked: the oil level, its temperature and the absence of leaks in oil-filled equipment; condition of the contact connections of the busbar; insulation condition (dirty, presence of cracks, chips, traces of dew); compliance of the position indicators of switching devices with their actual position; condition of openly laid conductors of the grounding device; operation of equipment heating devices in the cold season. Availability of fire extinguishing equipment, portable grounding and other protective equipment, and a first aid kit.
When inspecting closed switchgears, they additionally check: the condition of the premises, heating, ventilation, lighting, the condition of the roof or interfloor ceilings, the presence and serviceability of doors and locks. In SF6 reactor plants, the humidity and pressure of SF6 gas in the equipment and the concentration of SF6 gas in the room of closed switchgears are additionally checked. Defects and malfunctions noticed during inspections must be eliminated during the next repair; emergency defects must be eliminated as soon as possible.
Contamination of the surface of insulators of switchgear equipment poses the greatest danger during drizzling rain, fog or dew, when the contaminating layer becomes conductive. This can lead to discharges on the surface of the insulators and their overlap. Therefore, it is important to promptly clean the switchgear insulation from contamination and treat the insulators with hydrophobic pastes that have water-repellent properties. All rubbing parts of the mechanisms of switching devices and their drives must be periodically lubricated. Lubricants that work effectively at low temperatures are used. Electric heating devices for drives of switching devices, control cabinets, relay protection and automation should, as a rule, operate in automatic mode on and off. When operating switchgears, the following preventive measurements and tests, common to all equipment, are performed:
1. Measuring the resistance of the main insulation of equipment (insulation of primary circuits) with a 2500 megohmmeter.
Measuring the insulation resistance of secondary circuits with a 1000 V megohmmeter; this resistance must be at least 1 MOhm; The insulation test of secondary circuits is carried out with a voltage of 1 kV for 1 minute. Thermal imaging control of switchgear equipment.
Repair of reactor plant equipment is carried out as necessary, taking into account the results of inspections and preventive tests.
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SWITCH GEARS UP TO 1000 V
Switchgears up to 1000 V are installed indoors and outdoors. They are made in the form of distribution, control and relay panels and consoles, cell-type installations, cabinets, bus terminals and assemblies. Indoor switchgears are located in industrial and various-purpose premises. For outdoor installation, prefabricated reinforced concrete elements are used as foundations, placed on planned sites at a height of 0.2 m. In areas where snow drifts are possible, the supporting platforms for the switchgear are raised to 1 m or more.
The switchgear electrical equipment has lower or upper current leads. Depending on the design solution and structural implementation of the reactor plant low voltage floor-mounted versions with bottom current supply are installed: on the floor with current supply in pipes or with a cable duct at the back, on the ceiling, on the floor with a cable duct in the front, above the cable duct (Fig. 16). For switchgear with top current supply, niches and openings are arranged in the walls and ceilings of the premises.
Rice. 16. Methods for installing shields in switchgear up to 1000 V:
a - on the floor with current supply in pipes; b - on the floor with a cable channel at the back; e - on the ceiling; g - on the floor with a cable channel in front; d - above the cable channel
The electrical equipment of the reactor plant is fastened to embedded parts embedded in the building foundations. Various mounting options are shown in Fig. 17. The distances between the embedded parts are determined design features electrical equipment. For example, embedded parts made of steel plates are installed along the facade of the boards every 1-2 m, two rows of parts of one board are placed at a distance equal to its depth. The embedded parts in the switchgear room are placed taking into account certain distances to the walls and between the panels, caused by the need to create passages provided for by the PUE.
Rice. 17. Embedded parts for fastening electrical equipment:
a - location plan; b - fastening the embedded part E-2 to the building foundation; e - location of holes for anchor bolts; I—embedded part; 2 — floor grout; 3 - floor, ceiling and precast reinforced concrete; 4 - niche
Large-block shields of protected design, which do not have frame bases, are installed on channels No. 6.5, laid in the base along the cabinet assembly. Panels made from Shch070 and RTZO panels are installed on frames. Cabinets installed on stands are secured to embedded parts made of steel plates. Floor distribution points PR 9300 are attached to embedded elements embedded flush with the finished floor. To install wall points, embedded structures are fixed to the walls. It is allowed to fasten the electrical equipment of the switchgear with anchor bolts installed in the sockets left during execution and filled with cement mortar after installation of the panels and cabinets. The use of metal platforms for placing electrical equipment of the switchgear does not require embedded parts, since cabinets and panels are fixed by welding directly to the platforms.
Panels with dimensions of no more than 2400 mm in height, no less than 550 mm in depth and a weight of more than 1600 kg and cabinet assemblies with a height of less than 2200 mm, a depth of more than 1100 mm and a weight of no less than 1200 kg can be installed directly on a clean floor without fastening to embedded elements.
The conditions and procedure for accepting switchgear premises up to 1000 V for installation are similar to the conditions and procedure discussed in paragraph 2.
During the period of the main construction work, before the completion of clean floors and finishing in the switchgear room, the personnel of the production preparation groups, in accordance with the project, carry out control markings, determine the compliance of the placement of embedded parts with each other and in relation to parts of the building. At the same time, it is taken into account that the location of the embedded parts determines compliance with the standards for the minimum dimensions of passages in electrical rooms after installation of electrical equipment on them.
Table 6. Permissible distances when placing electrical equipment of the reactor plant
They also check the compliance of the dimensions of doorways for delivery of assembled panels assembled into blocks at the manufacturer or in workshops.
The permissible distances from the most protruding unfenced uninsulated live parts (for example, disconnected knife switches) located at an accessible height (less than 2.2 m) are given in Table. 6. Non-insulated live parts located at distances less than those indicated in the table. 6, are fenced with mesh solid or combined structures 1.7 m high.
In the same way, electrical equipment of a switchgear with unprotected live parts is protected when placed in production premises accessible to uninstructed personnel. The design of such a fence depends on local conditions and may have removable panels that can be secured and removed with the mandatory use of tools (for example, wrenches). The fence doors are locked with a key. The distance from the mesh fence to the non-insulated current-carrying parts of the switchgear is at least 0.7, and from solid parts - at least 0.05 m. The width of passages is taken in the same dimensions as for electrical rooms.
When accepting the switchgear room for installation, its dimensions, the presence and dimensions of permanent or temporary installation openings are checked, as well as the possibility of delivering blocks up to 4 m long, the presence and binding of embedded parts, and the possibility of current supply.
The dimensions of the room are checked in the same way as described in § 2. The possibility of delivering electrical equipment assemblies to the switchgear room is assessed taking into account the required dimensions (Table 7) and the location of the installation openings.
Table 7. Minimum dimensions of installation openings in switchgear rooms
When checking the embedded parts embedded in the building foundations of the switchgear, the distances are controlled: between the embedded parts of one panel, between the embedded parts and the walls of the room, between the embedded parts of different panels when placing electrical equipment in multiple rows; between embedded parts in the aisles of the same row (Fig. 18). The measured distances between embedded parts along the façade of switchgear panels, depending on the size of the electrical equipment, are compared with the data given in Table. 8. 
Rice. 18. Controlled dimensions in switchgear up to 1000 V:
a - RU plan; b - c - options for placing embedded parts; 1 — embedded part E-2
Table 8. Distances when installing embedded parts in the switchgear room
The location of the embedded parts in relation to the floor is controlled by level. The reliability of fastening the parts to the building base is checked with light blows of a hammer.
The placement of embedded parts for fastening the electrical equipment of the reactor plant is directly related to the arrangement of holes for current supply, made in accordance with the design. With the lower current supply, the connections of the pipes in the plane of the base of each cabinet or each panel, the width and length of the openings (holes) along the panels and their connection in relation to the embedded parts, the possibility of securing pipes for the passage of cables in the openings (to the reinforcement left in the ceiling, or round steel grid with a diameter of 8 mm with cells 130X130 mm) and the dimensions of the pits for connecting cables laid in the cable channel.
In this case, the axes of the outermost embedded parts coincide with the side edges of the shields. When installing one-way service panels leaning against a wall, the row of embedded parts closest to it should be located at a distance of 100 mm. Other distances between embedded parts associated with the construction of service passages are assessed taking into account the requirements of the PUE listed above.
The requirements for other structural elements of the switchgear premises are similar to the requirements discussed in § 2.
In recent years, to accommodate switchgear up to 1000 V, industrial panel electrical rooms (IPEP) and volumetric control stations (OPC), manufactured by the plants of the Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy, have been used. The long time spent by builders on the construction of electrical rooms can be significantly reduced when using IPEP (Fig. 19) and OPU (Fig. 20).
Rice. 19. Industrial panel electrical room:
1 — frame fastening design; 2 — frame frame; 3 - blank wall panel; 4— crossbar; 5 - blind roofing panel; 6 — panel with an opening; 7—support frame; 8 — panel with door block; 9 - panel with window block 
Rice. 20. Volume control station:
1 - support with cable shaft; 2— bridge for maintenance; 3 - window opening; 4 - end section; 5 - frame; 6 - intermediate section; 7 - roof panel; 8 - wall panel; 9 - door; 10 - frame
IPEP premises have the following internal dimensions: height 3540, width 3180, 4020, 5110 and 6100 m, length 2400 or more in increments of 1200 mm. IPEPs are supplied complete, but disassembled. The frame of the room is made of U-shaped frames and is connected into a rigid structure by longitudinal crossbars installed at the top and bottom. Wall and ceiling panels enhance rigidity. The main panels have various designs: solid, with a door, a glazed window, an opening for electrical (busbar ducts, boxes and trays with cables and wires) and plumbing communications. Floor panels can be blank or have openings for communications to exit. When configuring the switchgear, doors, windows and openings can be located anywhere, which is very convenient for premises for various purposes. Installation openings can be formed by several panels installed after the electrical equipment.
Complete switchgears with voltages up to 1000 V are designed for receiving and distributing electricity, controlling and protecting electrical installations from overloads and short circuits. They consist of fully or partially closed cabinets or blocks with built-in switching and protective devices, automation devices, measuring instruments and auxiliary devices.
To distribute electricity in the workshops of industrial enterprises, power distribution cabinets and points are used.
Power distribution cabinets ШР11 are used for receiving and distributing electricity in industrial installations with a rated current of up to 400 A. Depending on the type of cabinet, a switch is installed at the entrance, two switches when the cabinet is powered from two sources, or a switch with a fuse. The cabinets have 5...8 outgoing groups, equipped with fuses of the PN2 or NPN2 series for rated currents of 60, 100 and 250 A. Table 8.3 shows the parameters of some types of ShR11 distribution cabinets.
Table 8.3 – Distribution cabinets series ШР11
| Cabinet type | Input devices | Number of three-phase groups and rated currents, A, fuses of outgoing lines | |
| Type and rated currents, A | |||
| switch | fuse | ||
| ShR11-73701 | 5´60 | ||
| ShR11-73702 | R16-353 | – | 5´100 |
| ShR11-73703 | 250 A | 2´60 + 3´100 | |
| ShR11-73504 | 8´60 | ||
| ShR11-73505 | 8´100 | ||
| ShR11-73506 | R16-373 | 8´250 | |
| ShR11-73707 | 400 A | – | 3´100 + 2´250 |
| ShR11-73708 | 5´250 | ||
| ShR11-73509 | 4´60 + 4´100 | ||
| ShR11-73510 | 2´60 + 4´100 + 2´250 | ||
| ShR11-73511 | 6´100 + 2´250 | ||
| ShR11-73512 | 8´60 | ||
| ShR11-73513 | R16-373 | 8´100 | |
| ShR11-73514 | 400 A | 8´250 | |
| ShR11-73515 | 4´60 + 4´100 | ||
| ShR11-73516 | 2´60 + 4´100 + 2´250 | ||
| ShR11-73517 | 6´100 + 2´250 |
Notes
1. Cabinets are produced according to the degree of protection of the cabinet shell in two versions IP22 and IP54 (the structure of the designation is shown in Fig. 8.2), which is reflected in the designation of the cabinet by introducing the designation 22U3 or 54U2 in addition to the cabinet brand, for example, ШР11-73701-22У3 and ШР11- 73701-54У2.
2. The long-term permissible load of a cabinet with a shell protection degree of IP22 is equal to the rated current of the input device, and for cabinets with a protection degree of IP54 - 80% of this value.
Figure 8.2 – Structure of the symbol for the degree of protection
Distribution points PR11 series designed for power distribution with voltages up to 660 V AC and 220 V direct current and to ensure protection of lines during overloads and short circuits. The points are equipped with automatic circuit breakers of the AE20 series in single-pole and three-pole versions with a rated current of 63 and 100 A. Depending on the circuit, from 3 to 30 linear single-pole ones are installed in the cabinets circuit breakers and from 1 to 12 – three-pole. At the point inputs, an automatic circuit breaker of the A3700 or AE20 series is provided for currents of 100-630 A. The parameters of some types of PR11 distribution points are given in Table 8.4.
Table 8.4 – Distribution points of the PR11 series
| Type of item | Rated current of the point, A | Type of input switch | Number of linear three-pole switches | ||
| Mounted | Floor | Recessed | |||
| Points with linear automatic machines AE2030 | |||||
| PR11-3011 | – | – | – | ||
| PR11-3012 | – | – | AE2056 | ||
| PR11-3017 | – | – | – | ||
| PR11-3018 | – | – | A3710 | ||
| PR11-3025 | – | – | – | ||
| PR11-3026 | – | – | A3720 | ||
| PR11-3035 | – | – | – | ||
| PR11-3036 | – | – | A3720 |
Continued from Table 8.4
| Points with linear switches AE2040 | ||||||||
| PR11-3047 | – | PR11-1047 | – | |||||
| PR11-3048 | – | PR11-1048 | AE2056 | |||||
| PR11-3053 | – | - | – | |||||
| PR11-3054 | – | - | A3720 | |||||
| PR11-3059 | – | PR11-1059 | – | |||||
| PR11-3060 | – | PR11-1060 | A3720 | |||||
| PR11-3067 | – | PR11-1067 | – | |||||
| PR11-3068 | – | PR11-1068 | A3720 | |||||
| PR11-3077 | PR11-7077 | PR11-1077 | – | |||||
| PR11-3078 | PR11-7078 | PR11-1078 | A3720 | |||||
| PR11-3089 | – | PR11-1089 | – | |||||
| PR11-3090 | – | PR11-1090 | A3730 | |||||
| PR11-3097 | – | PR11-1097 | – | |||||
| PR11-3098 | – | PR11-1097 | A3730 | |||||
| PR11-3107 | PR11-7107 | PR11-1107 | – | |||||
| PR11-3108 | PR11-7108 | PR11-1108 | A3730 | |||||
| Points with linear switches AE2050 | ||||||||
| PR11-3117 | – | – | – | |||||
| PR11-3118 | – | – | A3720 | |||||
| PR11-3119 | PR11-7119 | – | – | |||||
| PR11-3120 | PR11-7120 | – | A3730 | |||||
| PR11-3121 | PR11-7121 | – | – | |||||
| PR11-3122 | PR11-7122 | – | A3730 or A3740 | |||||
| – | PR11-7123 | – | – | |||||
| – | PR11-7124 | – | A3730 or A3740 | |||||
Notes
1. Items can be made according to the degree of protection IP-21 and IP-54 (version 54) and according to the climatic version and placement category U3, U1, T3, T1, HL2, HL3, HL4.
2. For data on items with single-pole switches and a combination of single- and three-pole switches, see.
Distribution points PR24 series equipped with automatic circuit breakers of the A3700 series. Depending on the layout, 4, 6, 8 or 12 linear machines are installed in the cabinets. Table 8.5 shows the parameters and equipment of some types of PR24 distribution points.
Table 8.5 - Distribution points of the PR24 series, three-pole design
| Distribution point | Built-in switch | ||||||||
| Mounted version | Floor-standing version | Allowable current, A | Introductory | Linear (number of switch types) | |||||
| Method of mounting external conductors | Type | Quantity | Limits of regulation of the rated current of the release, A | A3726FU3 and A3722FU3* | A3716FU3 and A3712FU3** | A3716FU3*** | |||
| Top and bottom wires and cables with rubber or plastic insulation | Bottom with paper insulated cables | ||||||||
| PR24-3101(3401) | PR24-5101(5401) | PR24-7101(7401) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3102(3402) | PR24-5102(5402) | PR24-7102(7402) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| PR24-3103(3403) | PR24-5103(5403) | PR24-7103(7403) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3104(3404) | PR24-5104(5404) | PR24-7104(7404) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3105(3405) | PR24-5105(5405) | PR24-7105(7405) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| PR24-3206(3506) | PR24-5206(5506) | PR24-7206(7506) | 630(700) | – | – | – | |||
| PR24-3207(3507) | PR24-5207(5507) | PR24-7207(7507) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3208(3508) | PR24-5208(5508) | PR24-7208(7508) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – |
Continued from Table 8.5
| PR24-3310(3610) | PR24-5210(5510) | PR24-7210(7510) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3311(3611) | PR24-5211(5511) | PR24-7211(7511) | 630(700) | – | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3312(3512) | PR24-5212(5512) | PR24-7212(7512) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | |||
| PR24-3213 | PR24-5213 | PR24-7213 | А3734С | 250-400 | – | ||||
| PR24-3214(3514) | PR24-5214(5514) | PR24-7214(7514) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | – | ||
| PR24-3215(3515) | PR24-5215(5515) | PR24-7215(7515) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | ||||
| PR24-3216(3319) | PR24-5216(5219) | PR24-7216(7219) | А3734С | 250-400 | – | – | 6(8) | ||
| PR24-3217(3517) | PR24-5217(5517) | PR24-7217(7517) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | |||
| PR24-3218(3518) | PR24-5218(5518) | PR24-7218(7518) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | – | ||
| PR24-3320(3620) | PR24-5220(5520) | PR24-7220(7520) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | – | ||
| PR24-3321(3621) | PR24-5221(5521) | PR24-7221(7521) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | |||
| PR24-3322(3622) | PR24-5222(5522) | PR24-7222(7522) | 550(600) | А3744С | 400-630 | – | |||
| PR24-3223(3523) | PR24-5223(5523) | PR24-7223(7523) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – | |||
| PR24-3224(3524) | PR24-5224(5524) | PR24-7224(7524) | 480(520) | А3738Н | – | – |
Continued from Table 8.5
| PR24-3226(3526) | PR24-5226(5526) | PR24-7226(7526) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | ||||
| PR24-3227(3527) | PR24-5227(5527) | PR24-7227(7527) | 480(520) | А3738Н | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3228(3528) | PR24-5228(5528) | PR24-7228(7528) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – | |||
| PR24-3229(3529) | PR24-5229(5529) | PR24-7229(7529) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3330(3630) | PR24-5230(5530) | PR24-7230(7530) | 480(520) | А3738Н | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3331(3631) | PR24-5231(5531) | PR24-7231(7531) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – | – | ||
| PR24-3332(3632) | PR24-5232(5532) | PR24-7232(7532) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – | |||
| PR24-3333(3633) | PR24-5233(5533) | PR24-7233(7533) | 550(600) | А3748Н | – | – |
Notes
1. Points with others are indicated in brackets permissible currents with the same completeness.
2. Points are produced according to the degree of protection in two versions - IP21 and IP54, which is reflected in the designation of the point by introducing in addition to the mark of the point the designations 21У3 or 54У3, for example PR24-3101-21У3 and PR24-3101-54У3.
3. * rated current of thermobimetallic releases of circuit breakers of types: A3726FU3–(160-250)A, A3722FU3–160A; ** – the same, for types A3716FU3–(16-160)A, A3712FU3–160A; *** – the same for types A3716FU3–(16-80)A.
Distribution points of the PR85 and PR87 series are produced for rated currents from 160 to 630 A. They are equipped with circuit breakers of the BA50 series and are intended for the distribution of electricity and the protection of electrical installations during overloads and short-circuit currents, for infrequent operational switching on and off of electrical circuits and starting asynchronous motors.
The units are available in rated current - 160, 250, 400 and 630 A, in terms of shell protection - IP21 and IP54, in installation method - floor-mounted, wall-mounted and recessed. The PR85 series units are designed for operation in networks with voltages up to 660 V AC, and the PR87 series – in networks with voltages up to 220 V DC. The points may have input circuit breakers of the BA51, BA55 and BA56 series. Single-pole BA51-29 and three-pole BA51-31 and VA51-35 automatic switches are installed at the points as linear switches. A wide range of rated currents of circuit breaker releases makes it possible to protect electrical circuits and installations for various purposes.
The structure of the symbol for distribution points is shown in Figures 8.3, 8.4, and the parameters and equipment are shown in Tables 8.6 and 8.7.
Figure 8.3 – Structure of the symbol
distribution points of the PR85 and PR87 series
Figure 8.4 - Example of a symbol for a distribution point of the PR85 series
Table 8.6 - Technical data of distribution points of the PR85 series with three-pole linear switches
| Scheme number | I on | Worker I n, A. during performance | Number of three-pole linear switches | ||
| IP21У3 | IP54 UHL2, T2 | VA51-31 | VA51-35 | ||
| With input clamps | |||||
| – | |||||
| With switch VA51-39 at the input | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
Continued from Table 8.6
| With switch VA55-39 at the input | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| With switch VA56-39 at the input | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
| – | ||||||
Note. PR 85 according to schemes 153...155 have only wall-mounted versions (IP21 and IP54), all others have wall-mounted and floor-mounted versions (IP21 and IP54).
Table 8.7 – Technical data of distribution points of the PR 85 series with one- and three-pole linear switches
| Scheme number | I on | Worker I n, A, during execution | Number of BA51-31 linear | ||
| IP21У3 | IP54 UHL2, T2 | 1-pole | 3-pole | ||
| With input clamps | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
Continued from Table 8.7
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| With switch BA51-33 at the input | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
Continued from Table 8.7
| – | |||||||
| With switch VA51-35 at the input | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| With switch VA51-37 at the input | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| With switch VA55-37 at the input | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
| – | |||||||
Continued from Table 8.7
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| With switch VA56-37 at the input | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – | |||||
| – |
Note. Items PR 85 according to schemes 001...089, according to the installation method, are mounted (protection level IP21 and IP54) or recessed (IP21), and according to schemes 099...114, 124...139, 152 - wall-mounted and floor-mounted (IP21 and IP54).
Page 5 of 19
3. SWITCH DEVICES UP TO 1000 V
Switchgears up to 1000 V are installed indoors and outdoors. They are made in the form of distribution, control and relay panels and consoles, cell-type installations, cabinets, bus terminals and assemblies. Indoor switchgear is located in electrical and industrial premises for various purposes. For outdoor installation, prefabricated reinforced concrete elements are used as foundations, placed on planned sites at a height of 0.2 m. In areas where snow drifts are possible, the supporting platforms for the switchgear are raised to 1 m or more.
The switchgear electrical equipment has lower or upper current leads. Depending on the design solution and design, floor-mounted low-voltage switchgear with bottom current supply is installed: on the floor with current supply in pipes or with a cable duct at the back, on the ceiling, on the floor with a cable duct in the front, above the cable duct (Fig. 16). For switchgear with top current supply, niches and openings are arranged in the walls and ceilings of the premises.
Rice. 16. Methods for installing shields in switchgear up to 1000 V:
a - on the floor with current supply in pipes; b - on the floor with a cable channel at the back; e - on the ceiling; g - on the floor with a cable channel in front; d - above the cable channel
The electrical equipment of the reactor plant is fastened to embedded parts embedded in the building foundations. Various mounting options are shown in Fig. 17. The distances between embedded parts are determined by the design features of electrical equipment. For example, embedded parts made of steel plates are installed along the facade of the boards every 1-2 m, two rows of parts of one board are placed at a distance equal to its depth. The embedded parts in the switchgear room are placed taking into account certain distances to the walls and between the panels, caused by the need to create passages provided for by the PUE.
Rice. 17. Embedded parts for fastening electrical equipment:
a - location plan; b - fastening the embedded part E-2 to the building foundation; e - location of holes for anchor bolts; I - embedded part; 2 - floor grout; 3 - floor, ceiling and precast reinforced concrete; 4 - niche
Large-block shields of protected design, which do not have frame bases, are installed on channels No. 6.5, laid in the base along the cabinet assembly. Panels made from Shch070 and RTZO panels are installed on frames. Cabinets installed on stands are secured to embedded parts made of steel plates. Floor distribution points PR 9300 are attached to embedded elements embedded flush with the finished floor. To install wall points, embedded structures are fixed to the walls. It is allowed to fasten the switchgear electrical equipment with anchor bolts installed in sockets left during construction work and filled with cement mortar after installation of panels and cabinets. The use of metal platforms for placing electrical equipment of the switchgear does not require embedded parts, since cabinets and panels are fixed by welding directly to the platforms.
Panels with dimensions of no more than 2400 mm in height, no less than 550 mm in depth and a weight of more than 1600 kg and cabinet assemblies with a height of less than 2200 mm, a depth of more than 1100 mm and a weight of no less than 1200 kg can be installed directly on a clean floor without fastening to embedded elements.
The conditions and procedure for accepting switchgear rooms up to 1000 V for installation are similar to the conditions and procedure discussed in §2.
During the period of the main construction work, before the completion of clean floors and finishing in the switchgear room, the personnel of the production preparation groups, in accordance with the project, carry out control markings, determine the compliance of the placement of embedded parts with each other and in relation to parts of the building. At the same time, it is taken into account that the location of the embedded parts determines compliance with the standards for the minimum dimensions of passages in electrical rooms after installation of electrical equipment on them.
Table 6. Permissible distances when placing electrical equipment of the reactor plant
Normalized distance |
Permissible dimensions, m, under tension. IN, |
|
To the opposite wall or Equipment that does not have unfenced non-insulated live parts with the length of the shield, m: |
||
Between unprotected uninsulated live parts located on both sides of the passage |
||
They also check the compliance of the dimensions of doorways for delivery of assembled panels assembled into blocks at the manufacturer or in workshops.
The permissible distances from the most protruding unfenced uninsulated live parts (for example, disconnected knife switches) located at an accessible height (less than 2.2 m) are given in Table. 6. Non-insulated live parts located at distances less than those indicated in the table. 6, are fenced with mesh solid or combined structures 1.7 m high.
In the same way, electrical equipment of a switchgear with unprotected live parts is protected when placed in production premises accessible to uninstructed personnel. The design of such a fence depends on local conditions and may have removable panels that can be secured and removed with the mandatory use of tools (for example, wrenches). The fence doors are locked with a key. The distance from the mesh fence to the non-insulated live parts of the switchgear is at least 0.7, and from solid parts - at least 0.05 m. The width of the passages is taken in the same dimensions as for electrical rooms.
When accepting the switchgear room for installation, its dimensions, the presence and dimensions of permanent or temporary installation openings are checked, as well as the possibility of delivering blocks up to 4 m long, the presence and binding of embedded parts, and the possibility of current supply.
The dimensions of the room are checked in the same way as described in § 2. The possibility of delivering electrical equipment assemblies to the switchgear room is assessed taking into account the required dimensions (Table 7) and the location of the installation openings.
Table 7. Minimum dimensions of installation openings in switchgear rooms
When checking the embedded parts embedded in the building foundations of the switchgear, the distances are controlled: between the embedded parts of one panel, between the embedded parts and the walls of the room, between the embedded parts of different panels when placing electrical equipment in multiple rows; between embedded parts in the aisles of the same row (Fig. 18). The measured distances between embedded parts along the façade of switchgear panels, depending on the size of the electrical equipment, are compared with the data given in Table. 8. 
Rice. 18. Controlled dimensions in switchgear up to 1000 V:
a - RU plan; b - c - options for placing embedded parts; 1 - embedded part E-2
Table 8. Distances when installing embedded parts in the switchgear room
The location of the embedded parts in relation to the floor is controlled by level. The reliability of fastening the parts to the building base is checked with light blows of a hammer.
The placement of embedded parts for fastening the electrical equipment of the reactor plant is directly related to the arrangement of holes for current supply, made in accordance with the design. With the lower current supply, the connections of the pipes in the plane of the base of each cabinet or each panel, the width and length of the openings (holes) along the panels and their connection in relation to the embedded parts, the possibility of securing pipes for the passage of cables in the openings (to the reinforcement left in the ceiling, or round steel grid with a diameter of 8 mm with cells 130X130 mm) and the dimensions of the pits for connecting cables laid in the cable channel.
In this case, the axes of the outermost embedded parts coincide with the side edges of the shields. When installing one-way service panels leaning against a wall, the row of embedded parts closest to it should be located at a distance of 100 mm. Other distances between embedded parts associated with the construction of service passages are assessed taking into account the requirements of the PUE listed above.
The requirements for other structural elements of the switchgear premises are similar to the requirements discussed in § 2.
In recent years, to accommodate switchgear up to 1000 V, industrial panel electrical rooms (IPEP) and volumetric control stations (OPC), manufactured by the plants of the Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy, have been used. The long time spent by builders on the construction of electrical rooms can be significantly reduced when using IPEP (Fig. 19) and OPU (Fig. 20).
Rice. 19. Industrial panel electrical room:
1 - frame fastening design; 2 - frame frame; 3 - blank wall panel; 4- crossbar; 5 - blind roofing panel; 6 - panel with an opening; 7- support frame; 8 - panel with door block; 9 - panel with window block 
Rice. 20. Volume control station:
1 - support with cable shaft; 2- bridge for maintenance; 3 - window opening; 4 - end section; 5 - frame; 6 - intermediate section; 7 - roof panel; 8 - wall panel; 9 - door; 10 - frame
IPEP premises have the following internal dimensions: height 3540, width 3180, 4020, 5110 and 6100 m, length 2400 or more in increments of 1200 mm. IPEPs are supplied complete, but disassembled. The frame of the room is made of U-shaped frames and is connected into a rigid structure by longitudinal crossbars installed at the top and bottom. Wall and ceiling panels enhance rigidity. The main panels have various designs: solid, with a door, a glazed window, an opening for electrical (busbar ducts, boxes and trays with cables and wires) and plumbing communications. Floor panels can be blank or have openings for communications to exit. When configuring the switchgear, doors, windows and openings can be located anywhere, which is very convenient for premises for various purposes. Mounting openings can be formed by several panels installed after the rigging of electrical equipment.
Volumetric control stations are manufactured with one-sided glazing. They have dimensions: height 2600, width 3000 and length 3000-24125 mm. The design of the posts allows them to be transported in assembled form with installed electrical equipment. With a length from 7525 to 24125 mm, the lifting gear is transported in separate sections with a length of 3000, 4500 and 6000 mm. These posts can be installed directly on the workshop floor, and, if necessary, on special supports. Wall and roof panels are made of three-layer aluminum sheets, respectively, with polyurethane foam or mineral wool filler. Wall panels are made solid, with ventilation holes, windows and doors. They all have the same dimensions and are interchangeable. This expands their areas of application, for example, as small control stations or switchgear.
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