This topic contains a task rubricator. All questions about tasks must be posted in the appropriate topic; any other messages not left by the author of the topic will be deleted.What you won't find here:
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1. My options for solving the problem
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If you are planning to take the specialist exam, first go to the 1C website and read the recommendations from 1C.
At this forum, the administration, together with the community of moderators, has prohibited the posting of any copyrighted literature in the public domain, so the second thing you need to do is purchase a set of questions. Many, of course, can download a scan of a book from any website and be satisfied, but for my part I love books, I love holding them in my hands and reading from them, and if it is not difficult to purchase it, once I would have paid more for a book, but they simply weren’t there and no one knew the questions.
All problems are considered according to this collection of problems: http://v8.1c.ru/meto...book.jsp?id=400
All questions are discussed using an example software product"1C: Enterprise Accounting, Rev. 3.0 (3.0.21.11)" and platform 8.2.18.102
All tasks are divided into separate blocks1.Customer production
Organizations, due to their lack of appropriate equipment and labor, can transfer materials on a toll basis to a third party, concluding an agreement with it for processing, modification, processing and other transformation.
A third party organization (hereinafter referred to as the processing organization) considers these materials to be customer-supplied raw materials.
Provided raw materials are materials accepted by the organization from the customer for processing (processing), performing other work or manufacturing products without paying the cost of the accepted materials and with the obligation to fully return the processed (processed) materials, hand over completed work and manufactured products (clause 156 of the Guidelines for accounting of inventories approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 28, 2001 No. 119n).
Accounting for the transfer and processing of customer-supplied raw materials, the return of products made from customer-supplied raw materials are taken into account differently depending on which party (organization) is considering the accounting of customer-supplied raw materials (Customer or processor).
You can get all the necessary materials from the ITS-online resource using the link
Working with numerical matrices in general and solving systems of linear algebraic equations in particular is a classic mathematical and algorithmic problem, widely used in modeling and calculating a huge class of business processes (for example, when calculating costs). When creating and operating 1C:Enterprise configurations, many developers were faced with the need to manually implement SLAE calculation algorithms, and then with the problem of waiting a long time for a solution.
“1C:Enterprise” 8.3.14 will contain functionality that can significantly reduce the time for solving systems of linear equations through the use of an algorithm based on graph theory.
It is optimized for use on data that has a sparse structure (that is, containing no more than 10% of non-zero coefficients in the equations) and, on average and in the best case, exhibits an asymptotic behavior of Θ(n⋅log(n)⋅log(n)), where n is number of variables, and at worst (when the system is ~100% full), its asymptotic behavior is comparable to classical algorithms (Θ(n 3)). Moreover, on systems with ~10 5 unknowns, the algorithm shows speedup hundreds of times compared to those implemented in specialized linear algebra libraries (for example, superlu or lapack).
Important: the article and the described algorithm require an understanding of linear algebra and graph theory at the first-year university level.
Representation of SLAE in the form of a graph
Let's consider the simplest sparse system of linear equations:
Attention: the system is randomly generated and will be used further to demonstrate the steps of the algorithm.
At the first glance at it, an association arises with another mathematical object - the adjacency matrix of a graph. So why not convert the data into adjacency lists, saving RAM at runtime and speeding up access to non-zero coefficients?
To do this, we just need to transpose the matrix and set the invariant “A[i][j]=z ⇔ i-th variable enters the jth equation with coefficient z”, and then for any non-zero A[i][j] construct the corresponding edge from vertex i to vertex j.
The resulting graph will look like this:
Even visually it turns out to be less cumbersome, and the asymptotic costs random access memory are reduced from O(n 2) to O(n+m), where m is the number of coefficients in the system.
Isolation of weakly connected components
The second algorithmic idea that comes to mind when considering the resulting entity: the use of the “divide and conquer” principle. In graph terms, this results in partitioning the set of vertices into loosely connected components.Let me remind you that a weakly connected component is a subset of vertices, maximal in inclusion, such that between any two there is a path of edges in an undirected graph. We can obtain an undirected graph from the original one, for example, by adding a reverse one to each edge (and then removing it). Then one connected component will include all the vertices that we can reach when traversing the graph in depth.
After dividing into weakly connected components, the graph will take the following form:
In the framework of the analysis of a system of linear equations, this means that not a single vertex from the first component is included in the equations with the numbers of the second component and vice versa, that is, we can solve these subsystems independently (for example, in parallel).
Reducing graph vertices
The next step of the algorithm is exactly what optimization for working with sparse matrices consists of. Even in the example graph there are “dangling” vertices, which means that some of the equations include only one unknown and, as we know, the value of this unknown is easy to find.To define such equations, it is proposed to store an array of lists containing the numbers of the variables included in the equation that has the number of this array element. Then, when the list reaches unit size, we can reduce that “single” vertex, and communicate the resulting value to the rest of the equations in which this vertex is included.
Thus, we can reduce vertex 3 from the example immediately, completely processing the component:
Let's do the same with equation 0, since it includes only one variable:
Other equations will also change after finding this result:
$$display$$1⋅х_1+1⋅х_2=3⇒1⋅х_2=3-1=2$$display$$
The graph takes the following form:
Note that when one vertex is reduced, others may arise, also containing one unknown each. So this step of the algorithm should be repeated until it is possible to reduce at least one of the vertices.
Rebuilding the graph
The most attentive readers may have noticed that a situation is possible in which each of the vertices of the graph will have an occurrence degree of at least two and it will be impossible to continue to successively reduce the vertices.The simplest example of such a graph: each vertex has an in-degree of two; none of the vertices can be reduced.
As part of optimization for sparse matrices, it is assumed that such subgraphs will be small in size, however, you will still have to work with them. To calculate the values of the unknowns included in the subsystem of equations, it is proposed to use classical methods for solving SLAEs (that is why in the introduction it is indicated that for a matrix in which all or almost all coefficients in the equations are non-zero, our algorithm will have the same asymptotic complexity as the standard ).
For example, you can bring the set of vertices remaining after reduction back into matrix form and apply the Gauss method of solving SLAEs to it. This way we get exact solution, and the speed of the algorithm will be reduced due to processing not the entire system, but only some of it.
Algorithm testing
To test the software implementation of the algorithm, we took several real systems of large-scale equations, as well as a large number of randomly generated systems.The generation of a random system of equations took place through the sequential addition of edges of arbitrary weight between two random vertices. In total, the system was filled by 5-10%. The correctness of the solutions was checked by substituting the received answers into original system equations.
Systems ranged in size from 1,000 to 200,000 unknowns
To compare performance, we used the most popular libraries for solving linear algebra problems, such as superlu and lapack. Of course, these libraries are focused on solving a wide class of problems and the solution of SLAEs in them is not optimized in any way, so the difference in performance turned out to be significant.
Testing the 'lapack' library
Testing the 'superlu' library
Here is a final comparison of our algorithm with algorithms implemented in popular libraries:
Conclusion
Even if you are not a developer of 1C:Enterprise configurations, the ideas and optimization methods described in this article can be used by you not only when implementing an algorithm for solving SLAEs, but also for a whole class of linear algebra problems related to matrices.For 1C developers, we will add that the new functionality of the SLAE solution supports parallel use of computing resources, and you can regulate the number of computation threads used.
“1C: Library of Standard Subsystems” (hereinafter referred to as BSP) is intended for developments based on “1C: Enterprise”. The original version of the BSP, created in 2010, was developed to configure 1C solutions itself. Thus, the basis of all standard products produced by 1C is BSP.
The use of BSP made it possible to solve such problems as standardization application programs and saving programmers time. Since all the basic functionality is included in the BSP and all that remains is to implement it, there is no need to develop standard functional blocks.
Installation of BSP. Delivery files
BSP is not a solution, it is just a tool for the programmer. It is not on sale, it is received by customers or 1C franchisees by subscription to ITS.
Installing the library
Fig.1
Following the installer, we go through the steps and click “Finish”.
Fig.2
Fig.3
Fig.4
Add a new information base using the “Add” button and select “Create a new information base", and then until you click "Done".
Fig.5
Fig.6
Fig.7
Fig.8
Fig.9
Fig.10
The delivery of the BSP includes a demo base with an installation option and the following files:
- 1Cv8.cf library delivery file not intended for creating information security using a template;
- 1Cv8_international.cf The delivery file for the international version of the library is also not intended for working with templates;
- 1Cv8_demo.dt demo base;
- 1Cv8_demo.cf demobase delivery file.
Fig.11
Fig.12
This example is shown using version 3.0.1.240. The configuration files are located in the \1c\SSL\3_0_1_240\ subdirectory. Please note that this version used with the 1C 8.3 platform no lower than version 8.3.12.1412.
When installing the library, you may encounter “SDBL error. The ConfigVersion table or field is not contained in the FROM clause."
Fig.13
This problem can be solved by uploading and downloading the Dt file (in our case, we downloaded the demo file from the delivery kit).
Fig.14
BSP implementation assistant
Fig.15
Fig.16
First Implementation of BSP.epf– external processing, the name of which speaks for itself. With its help, you can select subsystems for implementation, taking into account their relationships, leave settings for comparison (merging), and remove redundant, unused fragments of subsystem code.
A step-by-step assistant is available from the “Developer Tools - First BSP Implementation” section.
Fig.17
Using the assistant, a template for the configuration being created is also created. On the right you can see a description of each selectable subsystem.
Fig.18
Fig.19
Fig.20
We register additional parameters for each subsystem we select.
We transfer the data, according to our settings, to the created, empty configuration. In the “Configurator” mode, we go into it.
Fig.21
For clarity, let’s rename it “My_configuration”.
For the first time in the configurator mode, specify “Configuration-Compare, merge with configuration from file”, specifying the library delivery file in the dialog and confirming the request for support.
Fig.22
To the question “Do you want to perform a full configuration download?” We answer in the negative.
Fig.23
Fig.24
We see a comparison of two configurations - “My_Configuration” and “Standard Subsystem Library”.
Fig.25
In the comparison window, you can load settings from a file previously saved using the assistant via “Actions - Load settings from file”.
Fig.26
In the window that opens, select our file previously saved with the assistant - “Comparison Settings File”.
Fig.27
Please note that the subsystems will be highlighted depending on which ones were identified during setup by the assistant. So, if you select only the basic functionality (Fig. 28), the configuration window will look like this:
Fig.28
Fig.29
Those. we see that not all configuration objects are checked.
Now let’s configure the subordinate subsystems, marking the objects to be transferred, through “Actions - Mark by file subsystems”. We activate “Enable the area of subordinate subsystems”.
Fig.30
Fig.31
By default, all subsystems are implemented, so you need to clear all the checkboxes, leaving only the necessary ones (before implementing the library of standard subsystems into your configuration, you need to study the list of implemented subsystems).
From “Standard subsystems” we select the required ones, regardless of what functionality is needed. Among them are basic functionality, updating database versions, users, contacts.
There are also additional systems that must be transferred to work in the service model, and optional ones that require selective installation. You can determine their relationship using the tables by reading the article on the ITS website.
Fig.32
Having selected the subsystems, click the “Install” button.
Also individual elements you can select the merging mode - “Take from file” or “Merge with the priority of the main configuration” (to do this, click on it right click mice).
Fig.33
These actions can be applied to all elements by setting them through the menu “Actions - Set mode for all”.
Fig.34
Fig.35
Fig.36
Fig.37
Fig.38
Before updating the configuration, you must set the version number of the configuration being created in its properties, otherwise, when opening the program, an error will appear stating that the configuration version property is not filled in.
Fig.39
Fig.41
Please note that upon completion of the processes, the metadata objects are migrated but not yet configured. Therefore, it is necessary to start setting up BSP objects.
Editor
SAP R/3. SAP R/3 (developed by the German company SAP AG) is the most widely used in the world standard solution ERP class, serving for electronic information processing based on the client architecture – server". The system allows for simultaneous operation of up to 30 thousand users.
All components of the R/3 system are customized to a specific enterprise and allow implementation to be achieved in an evolutionary manner. The customer can choose the optimal configuration from more than 800 ready-made business processes. The system includes the following subsystems, built on a modular principle: IS – industry solutions; WF - control information flows; PS – projects; AM – fixed assets; CO – controlling; FI – finance; SD – sales; MM – materials flow management; PP – production planning; QM – quality management; PM – Maintenance and equipment repair; HR – personnel management.
The business information warehouse provides processing of external and internal data and decision support at all levels of the corporation.
The main elements of accounting and reporting are the following modules.
Financial accounting(FI), including general accounting, accounting of debtors and creditors, accounting of fixed assets, consolidation in accordance with legislation, statistical special accounting.
Financial management(TR), containing cash management, financial management (money market, foreign exchange, securities and derivatives), market risk management, budget management.
Controlling(CO) consists of controlling indirect costs, controlling product costs, and accounting for business results.
Investment management(IM) provides broad planning of investment programs and management of individual investment activities.
Controlling the activities of the enterprise includes consolidation (CS), profit center cost accounting (PCA), management information system (EIS), enterprise planning (BP).
Materials management system(MM) provides the ability to: material requirements planning, material procurement, inventory management, material receipt, warehouse management, invoice control and assessment of material stock levels. A logistics information system based on variable analytical reports supports both ongoing decision-making and strategy development.
Sales system(SD) allows multi-language operation, precise control, flexible pricing, status management of orders and customer requests, convenient order entry, customer material number support, special large order entry and independent item processing, bonus processing, electronic data interchange, information distribution system, material retrieval, availability checking, batch control, service management, processing of material returns, credit and debit memos, credit limit control, product configuration, shipping and transportation, integration of materials management and financial accounting.
The system provides support for B2B e-commerce and payments using credit cards.
The main advantage of the system is the elimination of alternative information channels, which allows you to obtain prompt and adequate information about the progress of affairs. The disadvantage of the system is the complexity of setting up modules and high requirements for the culture of the organization and production, the conservatism of reengineering in conditions of structural changes.
Implementations: more than 200 in the CIS countries, including Belgorodenergo, Belarusian Metallurgical Plant, Krasnoyarsk Railway I, East Siberian Railway, Surgutneftegaz, Nizhny Tagil Metallurgical Plant, etc.
Installation cost: 300-350 thousand dollars per 50 users.
BAAN IV . BAAN IV (developed by the company of the same name)¾ complex system ERP class, covering the following types of management tasks.
BAAN–Enterprise modeling : helps reduce implementation time, reduce costs and accelerate the return on investment. The subsystem is based on unique implementation methodology tools called Orgware, developed taking into account the experience of implementing BAAN products in more than 50 countries around the world. The implementation process begins with a description or consideration of a reference model corresponding to the type and profile of the enterprise. At the next stage, the parameters of the business model are adjusted taking into account the customer’s requirements. Next, the system is configured and a menu is created for each specific user, the structure of which can include instructions and regulatory documents that determine the execution of individual tasks. At the end, an analysis of the enterprise’s activities is carried out, on the basis of which decisions on modernization of production are formed, and further directions of development are determined.
Using the system allows you to reduce the implementation time to 3-10 months.
BAAN–Production : includes requirements planning, product configurator, project management, batch and order production management, supply chain management at the enterprise level. The Production subsystem is designed to work with all types of production management strategies. Moreover, the BAAN system has the flexibility to change strategy over time. life cycle project. The Production subsystem also provides the ability to change the position of the sales order reference point (CODP), which determines the degree of influence of the customer order on the production cycle. The core of the “Production” subsystem is the “Main Production Schedule” (MPS) module. It is designed to help you with day-to-day production management, along with long-term planning and decision making. The subsystem allows you to implement all types of production environments and their combinations.
BAAN–Process: designed specifically for industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, food and metallurgy, and supports the production process from research and development through production, supply, sales, distribution and transportation. The subsystem works equally powerfully both within an individual enterprise and within a holding company with geographically distributed enterprises. The BAAN – Process subsystem is fully integrated with all other BAAN subsystems.
BAAN–Finance is a system of management and financial accounting for a company of any, the most complex organizational structure. The system of hierarchical connections makes access to information and its processing more convenient, provides the greatest possible flexibility in structuring necessary information. A multi-echelon management structure allows you to analyze general ledger data, accounts receivable and payable and other information, both at the level of an individual division and at the level of the entire company.
Three types of calendars are supported: financial, tax, reporting. Each calendar provides the opportunity flexible settings time frames of periods (quarter, month, week), which allows you to record daily transactions within one calendar and at the same time prepare data for taxation within another.
The subsystem allows you to maintain documentation on different languages and carry out procedures for financial transactions with an unlimited number of currencies in different countries: payment by checks (US and English options), bills of exchange (France), bank orders, and also by electronic means. The same financial transactions are implemented for the conditions of the Russian Federation and other CIS countries.
BAAN–Sales, Supply, Warehouses manages sales and purchases, contracts, inventories and storage, multi-level batch management and batch tracking. In addition, the module offers comprehensive management of external logistics and transportation, providing route optimization, transport order management and transport work support, general warehousing support and packaging work management. The “Sales, Supply, Warehouses” subsystem is designed to take care of the day-to-day logistics of manufacturers and wholesalers. The subsystem is fully integrated with all products of the BAAN family, including “Production”, “Project”, “Service”, “Transport” and “Finance”, which provides your company with a comprehensive, accessible and unified management information system. This fully integrated logistics system includes electronic data interchange and communication with distribution requirements planning.
BAAN–Project: Designed for procedures related to the development and implementation of projects, as well as the preparation of commercial proposals for participation in tenders, and allows for high operational efficiency. BAAN – Project provides all stages of project development and implementation, as well as contract preparation, including preliminary project assessment, contracting, budgeting, planning, project monitoring, as well as warranty and post-warranty service. The system automatically generates purchase orders, production of products necessary for the implementation of projects, transportation, and has payment control tools. “BAAN – Project” is a powerful tool for controlling costs and income, guaranteeing compliance with delivery deadlines. Using “BAAN – Project” allows you to predict the impact of specific projects on the production potential and financial condition of the company, which makes it possible to increase productivity and optimally use available resources.
BAAN–Enterprise activity administrator is a toolkit for improving financial and economic activities and is designed to obtain reliable information in all areas of the company’s activities. The form of data presentation allows for quick analysis to make error-free decisions. The “early warning system” built into the package makes it possible to make the necessary adjustments in a timely manner.
BAAN–Transport created for companies involved in external logistics and transportation. Transport companies, manufacturing and commercial companies that independently organize their own transportation and logistics will be able to rightfully appreciate the advantages of the BAAN system. The package is designed for all types and modifications of transportation and has powerful modules for managing public warehouses and packaging. This unit can also be configured to suit your company's requirements. Thanks to its flexibility, the “Transport” subsystem meets a wide variety of customer needs.
BAAN–Service designed to organize management of all types of services. It fully meets the requirements of after-sales and specialized service companies, as well as departments responsible for in-house service.
The subsystem supports all types of maintenance: “periodic” (performing routine maintenance and carrying out scheduled preventive measures), “on-call” (repair and troubleshooting in the event of emergencies), and others, for example, putting into operation service objects (installations). All data on equipment locations, customers, and service and support contracts is available online and recorded for each component of the service facility. All types of maintenance can be performed subject to warranty.
The BAAN system is open and allows the user to supplement existing functionality with his own developments: from convenient screen forms and reports to descriptions of full-fledged business processes. The “Toolkit” is designed for this purpose, which includes tools for working with the software components of the system: menus, screen forms, reports, sessions, tables, software scripts and libraries.
Implementations : Nizhpharm, UralAZ, KamAZ, BelAZ, Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, Irkutsk Aviation Production Enterprise, Shelekhovsky Aluminum Plant, etc.
ORACLE E-BUSINESS SUITE . Developer ¾ Oracle company . Oracle E-Business Suite is a complete, integrated suite of e-business applications running on corporate Intranets and the global Internet. Today, the complex includes all the applications needed by an enterprise: marketing, sales, supply, production, customer service, accounting, personnel records, etc.
The modern version of Oracle E-Business Suite 11i can be divided into three functional blocks:
- Oracle ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning);
- Oracle CRM (Customer Relationship Management;
- Oracle E-Hub (Electronic Commerce).
A set of Oracle applications for building an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system in an enterprise (better known under the Oracle Applications brand) combines applications for optimizing and automating internal enterprise processes (production, finance, supply, personnel management, etc.). It includes more than 90 modules that allow an enterprise to solve basic business problems related to financial and material flows: production planning, supply, inventory management, interaction with suppliers, personnel management and payroll, financial planning, management accounting and etc.
Oracle ERP Applications: Manufacturing control; Financial management; Personnel Management; Logistics; Project management.
Oracle CRM (Customer Relationship Management ) – applications for automating and increasing the efficiency of processes aimed at customer relationships (sales, marketing, service). A key aspect of a successful business is the ability to attract and retain profitable customers, use information about customers and internal business processes to make accurate and timely decisions. CRM solutions give an organization the opportunity to interact with the customer through those channels that are most convenient for him. Finally, CRM allows a company to develop standard models of marketing, sales and service on the Internet, which significantly expands the range of potential clients, improves the quality of service and profitability of your business.
Oracle E-Hub – applications for organizing electronic trading platforms.
To succeed in business, businesses must exchange information with their trading partners as quickly as possible. Using the convenient and reliable Oracle Exchange system, companies can quickly and efficiently conduct their business over the Internet. Oracle Exchange provides the means to effectively interact in real time with many organizations, allowing you to quickly deliver and acquire high-quality products and services to market.
GALAXY. Developer ¾ Galaktika Corporation, Russia. The Galaxy system is focused on automating the solution of problems that arise at all stages of the management cycle: forecasting and planning, accounting and monitoring the implementation of plans, analysis of results, correction of forecasts and plans. The system has a modular structure, the modules, in turn, are combined into functional circuits (see Fig. 7, 8.). The dotted line shows modules that are under development. Combining modules into circuits Logistics, Financial, Human Resources carried out according to the type of resources over which management activities are performed. IN Control circuit production And Administrative circuit, A See also Customer Relationship Management Circuit modules are included in accordance with the type of activity being automated. The concept of “module” should not be identified with the term automated workplace, which is familiar to employees of automation services. Each module contains functions intended, on the one hand, for use by both direct executors and managers at various levels, and, on the other hand, for solving problems related to various types management activities.
Both the isolated use of individual modules and their arbitrary combinations are acceptable, depending on production and economic needs.
The functional composition of the Galaktika system allows any enterprise to determine a set of components that provides solutions to the problems of managing economic activities in three global aspects: by type of resources, by the scale of the tasks being solved (level of management), by type of management activity.
Further development of the system provides for compliance (in the future) of the functionality, manufacturability and degree of integration of the system with modern concepts of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), CSRP (Custom Synchronized Resource Planning - resource planning synchronized with the buyer), SEM ( Strategic Enterprise Management – “strategic enterprise management”, as well as open systems standards.
BOSS CORPORATION . Developer: IT Co., Russia. BOSS-CORPORATION¾ domestic system for large organizations.
Designed to automate the management of financial and economic activities of corporations, industrial and trade associations based on Oracle 7 Server. The system includes the “Administrator” module and subsystems containing the following modules.
Financial management:“Budget analysis”, “Budgets”, “General ledger”, “Accounting for banking transactions”, “Accounting for settlements with debtors and creditors”, “Accounting for cash transactions”, “Accounting for settlements with accountable persons”.
Manufacturing control: “Technological preparation of production”, “Technical and economic planning”, Accounting for production costs”.
Procurement, inventory and sales management:“Purchases”, “Inventories”, “Sales”.
Personnel Management: “Payroll”, “HR accounting”, “Staffing table”.
Management of fixed assets and equipment : “Fixed assets and equipment.”
The system developer, IT Company, has been working in the field of automation of management activities since 1995. (automation of the Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Defense Ministry). Uses Sun MicroSystems hardware platform ( operating system Solaris). Software platform Oracle provides developers instrumental means: SQL*Plus ¾ tool for querying, defining and managing data; Oracle8 Enterprise Manager ¾ management and administration of distributed data environments; Desiner ¾ modeling, application generation and reverse engineering tool for database applications; Object Database Designer ¾ object design, creation and access tool; Developer ¾ RAD tool for database applications in client-server and Web architectures. Apart from these tools, there are no special problems in using OLAP technologies Oracle at the enterprise level (Oracle Express).
1C:ENTERPRISE.(Company 1C, Russia). System “1C:Enterprise”: complex configuration “Accounting; Trade; Stock; Salary; Personnel” represents universal program¾ constructor, which allows you to keep records in one information base on behalf of several organizations.
Accounting implements standard accounting methodology for self-supporting organizations in accordance with current Russian legislation.
The chart of accounts and setting up analytical accounting are implemented for almost all sections of accounting. A set of documents, automated entry of accounting transactions, designed for maintaining the most important sections of accounting.
The system allows you to simultaneously maintain two types of accounting for trading activities: managerial and financial.
Management accounting is carried out with the aim of generating information about the company’s activities for internal use, financial accounting to correctly reflect the activities of all firms that make up the company in accounting.
Accounting for trade activities supports all operations related to the purchase, storage and sale of goods, and the mutual settlements with buyers and suppliers associated with these operations.
The system allows you to register the hiring, dismissal and relocation of employees, maintain the company's staffing table, automatically create standard forms of personnel orders and generate reports on employee personnel data.
Accrual wages is made on a time-based or piece-rate basis in accordance with employee time sheets and calendars and deviations from the normal work schedule (vacations, illnesses, absenteeism, etc.) that occurred during the current billing period.
The “Production+Services+Accounting” configuration is used to automate accounting in small manufacturing enterprises and companies engaged in wholesale trade.
The “Financial Planning” configuration is intended for maintaining budgets.
Implementations and cost. 1C company products occupy about 40% Russian market programs of this class. The cost of a single-seat configuration, depending on the functions implemented, is from $250 to $500; network version costs about $1000. By developing a configuration based on MS SQL and implementing functions for describing and accounting for production, 1C is moving into the class of small corporate systems.
What is the configurator most often used for:
- To create database and configuration archives;
- For development and configuration;
- To check and correct information security errors.
How to open it? By clicking on the 1C shortcut, we look for the necessary base and on the right click the “Configurator” button.
Fig.1 Opening 1C
The configurator interface consists of a toolbar, a tree of configuration objects and a development area.
Fig.2 1C configurator interface
On the panel There is a main menu (File, Edit, Configuration, Service for setting configuration, etc.), standard buttons (Create, Open, Save, editing buttons, etc.) and a button for working with the configuration, which opens a separate menu.
Object tree is a list of predefined metadata objects that cannot be deleted. Only adding new types of objects is allowed, for example, you can add a new directory “Delivery Addresses”, but you cannot delete the entire “Directories” object.
You can search through the object tree, which is located at the top of the object tree; the standard keyboard shortcut Ctrl+F also works. You can also perform a global search throughout the entire database to search, for example, for references to an object in the modules of all objects.
Fig.3 Menu for working with the program
All mechanisms for working with the configuration are displayed here: you can save it in separate file with the .cf extension or, conversely, load it from a file (in this case, it will completely overwrite the configuration in the database). To make an update and not lose data, use the function of comparing and merging with the version from the file.
The database contains three configurations:
- Standard from the supplier. By default, it is closed from changes if it is supported;
- The main one, which programmers work with through the configurator. After making changes to it, the user base needs to be updated;
- The database with which users work directly.
If our version is closed for editing, it cannot be corrected.
How to make changes
In the menu “Configuration-Support-Support Settings” you can find two methods:
- With continued support;
- No saving.
Fig.6 Enabling the ability to change
By default, you cannot edit the entire configuration. However, you can enable editing of vendor configuration objects while maintaining support. This will make it possible to make changes to objects and create new ones, while the ability to update the configuration if new official releases are released will remain.
Fig.7 Setting up support rules
If you select the “Supplier object is no longer supported” setting, the supplier configuration is deleted and updating becomes impossible. This method is often used when you do not plan to update configurations, but will modify them on your own. In this case, the weight of the database is significantly reduced, and configuration files take up much less space when saved on disk.
After permission to make changes, the developer edits or creates new objects, and at the end of development, after making and saving changes to the main configuration, the program will ask to update the database configuration. This will be indicated by a blue button in the toolbar.
Fig.8 Updating the database configuration
You can also update the database configuration through the “Configuration-Update database configuration” menu. To cancel the changes made and return to the database configuration, you must go to the menu “Configuration-Database Configuration-Return to Database Configuration”.
Fig.9 Cancel changes made to the configuration
You can also click the “Run in Debug Mode” button: the program will open in a new window in user mode and update the database configuration.
Fig.10 Opening configuration for debugging
Selecting the “Debug-Start Debugging” menu will have a similar effect.
Fig.11 Debug menu
Development methods
To view and edit data in an object, there is a form that can be opened by double-clicking on the object.
Fig.12 Setting up an object
Here you can see what the object is called and what its synonym is in the database, in which subsystems it is used, what forms and layouts it contains.
You can edit objects both in the object module (Fig. 13) and in the object form module (Fig. 14).
Fig.13 Object module
Fig.14 Form module
The main development process, writing code, takes place in these modules.
“Extension” is an interesting and promising tool that allows you to preserve standard objects in their original form and thereby avoid difficulties when installing new releases. With the help of extensions, edits are made in a “copy” of the configuration.
Fig.15 Extensions
Extensions are opened from “Configuration-Configuration Extensions”, and then as a user they are connected to the standard configuration.
Fig.16 Connecting the extension to the base
That is, all edits are in the extension, but standard objects are not affected.
Creation of archives
The most popular use of the configurator is to create archives of infobases from the “Administration - Upload infobase” menu. Saving occurs in the dt file.
Fig. 17 Working with the information security archive
It is important not to forget to take into account that when loading a database from a file, it will be completely replaced.
Correcting database errors
If emergency situations arise, for example, an emergency power outage, the base stops opening or works with errors. In this case, you can test the database, identify errors and correct them in the “Administration-Testing and Correction” menu.
Fig.18 Testing and fixing the database
This tool helps to check and restore the logical and referential integrity of the information base, re-index and restructure tables, and recalculate totals.
Fig. 19 Verification and correction setup form
IMPORTANT! Always create a database archive before making any changes in the configurator.
The 1C environment is a modern and convenient tool for quickly developing various configurations designed to automate the work of various areas of business, and configuring ready-made application programs to meet customer needs.
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