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1 mebibyte [MiB] = 0.000976562500000003 gibibyte [GiB]

Initial value

Converted value

bit nibble byte symbol machine word Machine word MAPM quad word block kibibit kibibyte kilobyte (10³ bytes) mebibit mebibyte megabyte (10⁶ bytes) gibibit gibibyte gigabyte (10⁹ bytes) tebibit tebibyte terabyte (10¹² bytes) pebibit pebibyte petabyte (10¹ ⁵ byte) exbibit exbibyte exabyte ( 10¹⁸ bytes) floppy (3.5, double density) floppy (3.5, high) floppy (3.5, extended) floppy (5.25, double) floppy (5.25, high) ) Zip 100 Zip 250 Jaz 1GB Jaz 2GB CD (74 minutes) CD (80 minutes) DVD (1 layer, 1 side) DVD (2 layers, 1 side) DVD (1 layer, 1 side) DVD (2 layers, 2 sides ) Single Layer Blu-ray Disc Dual Layer Blu-ray Disc

Learn more about units for measuring the amount of information

General information

Data and their storage are necessary for the operation of computers and digital technology. Data is any information, from commands to files created by users, such as text or video. Data can be stored in different formats, but most often it is stored as binary code. Some data is stored temporarily and is used only during certain operations, and then deleted. They are recorded on temporary storage devices, for example, in random access memory, known as a random access memory (in English, RAM - Random Access Memory) or RAM - random access memory. Some information is stored longer. Devices that provide longer-term storage are hard drives, solid-state drives, and various external drives.

More about the data

Data is information that is stored in symbolic form and can be read by a computer or a human. Most data intended for computer access is stored in files. Some of these files are executable, meaning they contain programs. Program files are not usually considered data.

Redundancy

To avoid data loss due to breakdowns, they use the principle of redundancy, that is, they store copies of data in different places. If this data stops being read in one place, it can be read in another. This principle is the basis for the operation of a redundant array of independent RAID disks(from English reduntant array of independent discs). It stores copies of data on two or more disks combined into one logical unit. In some cases, for greater reliability, the RAID array itself is copied. Copies are sometimes stored separately from the main array, sometimes in another city or even in another country, in case the array is destroyed during cataclysms, catastrophes, or wars.

Data storage formats

Data storage hierarchy

Data is processed in central processor, and the closer to the processor the device that stores them, the faster they can be processed. The speed of data processing also depends on the type of device on which it is stored. The space inside the computer near the microprocessor where such devices can be installed is limited, and usually the fastest but small devices are closest to the microprocessor, and those larger but slower are further away from it. For example, the register inside the processor is very small, but allows data to be read at the speed of one processor cycle, that is, within a few billionths of a second. These speeds are improving every year.

Primary memory

Primary memory includes memory inside the processor - cache and registers. This is the fastest memory, that is, the access time to it is the lowest. RAM is also considered primary memory. It is much slower than registers, but its capacity is much greater. The processor has direct access to it. Current data that is constantly used for the operation of executing programs is recorded in RAM.

Secondary memory

Secondary storage devices, such as a hard drive magnetic disks(HDD) or hard drive are located inside the computer. They store data that is not used very often. They are stored longer and are not deleted automatically. Mostly they are deleted by users or programs themselves. Accessing this data is slower than accessing data in primary memory.

External memory

External memory is sometimes included in secondary memory, and sometimes classified as a separate memory category. External memory- This removable media, such as optical (CD, DVD and Blu-ray), Flash memory, magnetic tape and paper media such as punched cards and punched tape. The operator must manually insert such media into the reading devices. These media are relatively cheap compared to other types of memory and are often used for storage backup copies and for the exchange of information from hand to hand between users.

Tertiary memory

Tertiary memory includes large capacity storage devices. Accessing data on such devices is very slow. They are typically used to archive information in special libraries. At the request of users, a mechanical “arm” finds and places a medium with the requested data into the reading device. The media in such a library can be different, for example optical or magnetic.

Types of media

Optical media

Information from optical media is read into optical drive using a laser. At the time of writing this article (spring 2013), the most common optical media are optical discs CD, DVD, Blu-ray and Ultra Density Optical (UDO). There may be one storage device, or there may be several of them combined in one device, such as in optical libraries. Some optical discs allow you to write again.

Semiconductor media

Semiconductor memory is one of the most commonly used types of memory. This is a type of parallel memory that allows simultaneous access to any data, regardless of the sequence in which this data was written.

Almost all primary memory devices, as well as flash memory devices, are semiconductor. IN Lately as an alternative hard drives solid state are becoming more popular SSD drives(from English solid-state drives). At the time of writing this article, these drives were much more expensive. hard drives, but the speed of writing and reading information on them is much higher. When dropped and impacted, they are damaged much less than magnetic hard drives and operate almost silently. In addition to their high price, solid-state drives, compared to magnetic hard drives, begin to perform worse over time, and lost data on them is very difficult to recover compared to hard drives. Hybrid hard drives combine solid state drive and magnetic HDD, thereby increasing speed and service life, and reducing the price, compared to solid-state drives.

Magnetic media

Surfaces for recording on magnetic media are magnetized in a certain sequence. The magnetic head reads and writes data to them. Examples of magnetic media are hard disk drives and floppy disks, which are almost completely obsolete. Audio and video can also be stored on magnetic media - cassettes. Plastic cards often store information on magnetic stripes. These can be debit and credit cards, hotel key cards, driver's licenses, and so on. Recently, microcircuits have been built into some cards. Such cards usually contain a microprocessor and can perform cryptographic calculations. They are called smart cards.

Do you find it difficult to translate units of measurement from one language to another? Colleagues are ready to help you. Post a question in TCTerms and within a few minutes you will receive an answer.

With development computer technology Every year new terms appear. Many often use the word “gigabyte”, but do not fully understand the meaning of this concept, which is why they cannot answer the question of how much memory is 1 GB.

What is a gigabyte?

Before dealing with the question “1 GB is a lot or a little,” you need to understand the essence of a memory unit. In the work of the majority electronic devices processing of electric current pulses is used. This method allows you to process a large amount of information in a short time and has only two values ​​- “Yes” or “No”. This minimal unit of information is called a bit.

Using bits, all the necessary data is specified in the computer - texts, pictures, sound, and so on. To increase the speed of processing pulses, it was decided to split the entire stream into groups - one set of 8 bits was called a byte. With the development of technology, it was necessary to work with an increasing amount of data, which is why new divisions into larger groups began to appear.

To simplify the process of understanding the number of bits in a given value, it was decided to use prefixes from the SI system of units. As a result of this, kilobits, megabytes and other memory sizes appeared. But, according to unified system SI, the value of each prefix was a multiplier in the form of the number 10 to a certain power. And computer information, due to its binary nature, is represented as a two to some extent. Because of this, when accurately determining a smaller value, one often encounters disagreement. Despite the existing contradictions in the exact definition of the number of bits, the differences in values ​​for prefixes with a small difference are insignificant. So, according to these calculations, 1 kilobyte contains not 1000 bytes, but 2 10 - 1024 bytes.

How much is in one gigabyte?

The prefix "giga" means 10 9, that is, 1 billion. The closest prefix to "giga" is "mega", which is 10 3 times smaller. But in most countries of the world, including Russia, the exact number of bytes is determined using two to the nth power, so the answer to the question of how many MB are in 1 GB is 1024.

Continuing to look at smaller values, instead of multiplying by 1000, further calculations are made using 2 to the 10th power. Thus, 1 GB is 1024 * 1024 = 1048576 kilobytes or 1024 3 = 1,073,741,824 bytes. To get the number of bits in 1 GB, you need to multiply the resulting byte value by 8, getting a total of just over a billion.

Largest memory size

The line of measurement of memory units has long surpassed the “giga” prefix by several steps. Currently, the largest amount of information is one iottabyte. Compared to 1 GB, this is 10 15 times more or, according to the Russian definition, 20 50 times.

Between the yottabyte and gigabyte there are 4 more definitions of volume, each of which reduces the power of 10 by three when using the SI system, or, in the binary case, the power of two by 10.

Is a gigabyte a lot or a little?

Various calculations are carried out every day in the world, for the total storage of which 1 GB is not enough. This value is hardly suitable even for the work of one user - now the volume of RAM in which constantly used data is stored already exceeds this value several times. The size of one movie in average quality lasting about an hour takes up a little more than a gigabyte, which is why the very value of memory has become relatively small, despite the large value when considered byte by byte.

Flash drives with a capacity of 1 GB are also relics of the past that are already difficult to find. Now larger devices, including external ones, are used to transfer information hard disks, the volume of which can reach tens of terabytes, which is 1000 times more than a gigabyte.

Do you want to know, how much is 1 GB, megabyte and kilobyte, then read this article, where you will get comprehensive answers to this question.

What is larger: kilobyte or megabyte?

I think that most of those who use the Internet know that all the information that is posted in this virtual space(texts, pictures, videos, sounds, etc.) is presented as a set of numbers.

And this whole set of numbers can be measured, and now I will show you how to do it. After this, you can convert bytes to bits, bits to kilobytes, kilobytes to kilobits, kilobits to megabytes, megabytes to megabits, megabits to gigabytes to gigabits, gigabyte to terabyte, tarabyte to tarabit.

So, if you need to know how much is contained in 1 GB or 1 MB KB, then now, I will tell you about it in detail. I don’t know why you will need this if you are not a programmer (although they don’t really need such information), but nevertheless, I’ll tell you about it now, because I recently thought about this question and decided to write an entire article. At least this will help estimate the size of the downloaded information and more.

There is nothing complicated here; it is enough to know some rules and have a calculator at hand.

1. 1 byte is 8 bits
2. 1 kb is 1024 bytes
3. 1 MB is 1024 kilobytes
4. 1 GB is 1024 megabytes
5. 1 terabyte is 1024 gigabytes

Abbreviations that are considered generally accepted:

1. kilobyte - kb
2. megabyte - mb
3. giga-byte - GB

You should also know that in the world of information only the binary measurement system is used, and not the decimal one to which we are accustomed. That is, a number can take a value not from 0 to 10, but from 0 to 1.

That is, the simplest digit for measuring information is 1 bit, the value of which can be 0 or 1.
And due to the fact that such an insignificant value is very small for measuring the size (volume) of information, it is almost not used, but a byte is used, where 1 byte is equal to 18 bits. And it can take values ​​from 0 to 15 (hexadecimal number system), only instead of numerical indicators 10-15 the letters from A to F are used. These volumes of information measurements are also not particularly large, so the familiar prefixes kilo (1000), mega (1,000,000), giga (1,000,000,000).

Also, I want to add that in information space kilobyte = not 1,000 bytes, but 1024. And if you want to know how many kilobytes are in a megabyte, then you will also get the number 1024. And asking the question: “so how many megabytes are in a gigabyte”? you will hear the same answer - 1024.

This “metamorphosis” is determined by the peculiarity of the binary calculation system. That is, when using tens, we will obtain each new digit by multiplying by 10 (1, 10, 100, 1,000, 1,000,000, etc.), then with the binary method of calculus, a new digit appears after that how to perform the operation of multiplying by 2.
An example of how it all looks: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024
That is, a number consisting of 10 digits in the binary system can only have 1024 values. This is more than 1,000, but is closest to the kilo- prefix. Exactly the same calculation scheme is used: mega.., giga.. and tera...

(6316 people)

How much internet traffic per month do you need?

August 19, 2015

We are often asked questions: how much internet do I need? 1 GB - is it a lot or a little? How long will 500 MB last me? What do I need to connect to make it enough? Let's try to figure it out together.

So, let me remind you: in 1 MB - 1,024 KB, 1 GB - 1,024 MB - 1,048,576 KB

HOW MUCH DOES IT WEIGH" ...

Site page. There is no exact answer. It all depends on what page you open. For example, a simple text page takes on average 60-70 KB. Photos, pictures and other graphic elements make the page heavier, and the total amount of traffic will depend on the total number of images. On average, loading a page on a news site takes 200-400 KB, and viewing a review page with photos will weigh 5-10 MB

Music file. Of course, there is no exact answer. The volume will depend on the length of the song and its quality (bitrate). On average, listening or downloading a song takes 3-5 MB.

Movie. Naturally, there is no exact answer here either. The volume of traffic is significantly affected not only by the duration of the film, but also by its quality (DVD, RIP, etc.) and compression ratio. On average, an hour and a half film in DVD quality (required for viewing on big screen With high resolution) weighs 8-15 GB. Downloading a DVDRIP quality movie will take about 1.5 GB (quite enough quality for watching on a tablet or laptop).

Online video viewing. Even though streaming video typically has maximum compression, the average movie viewing weighs 700 MB - 1.2 GB. This also applies to online TV and video calls (Skype, messenger, etc. Although the resolution of the web camera also matters here). For video calls, count on a few MB per minute.

IP telephony. Traffic for a conversation over IP (similarly for Skype, Whats App, etc.) will weigh on average 128 kB/minute. That is, by spending 1 MB you can talk for 7-8 minutes. I repeat, we are talking about an audio call, not a video call.

Miscellaneous. Communication in in social networks(Facebook, VKontakte, etc.), ICQ and other messengers consume very little traffic. Naturally, if you are not regularly sent “heavy” investments, etc. What is worth paying attention to: on average, social network pages “weigh” the same as pages on a regular website, but checking for new messages, they regularly update themselves (which wastes traffic).

HOW MUCH INTERNET DO YOU NEED?

Smartphone. It doesn’t matter what platform your device is on (IOS, Android, Windows, etc.): regular automatic updates in background(synchronization, checking mail, etc.) takes about 50 MB per day (which is about 1.5 GB per month). You can reduce the amount of traffic by disabling everything automatic updates(for example, the same social networks), but then the question arises of making full use of all the capabilities of your device. If you do not use Wi-Fi all the time, I recommend connecting to a package of at least 1-1.5 GB or an unlimited option (but in this case, consult about possible speed limits).

Tablet. For tablet users, the same recommendations apply as for smartphone users. But the required volume of traffic should be increased by an average of 2-3 times (depending on the mode of use). What you should pay attention to: for a tablet, paying per megabyte for the Internet will not be profitable, it is better to enable the option. Before traveling outside your region, do not forget to check the conditions of the option: many of them are more expensive when used in other regions of Russia. And in international roaming Using a “native” SIM card is very expensive! Better connect to a local number or use Wi-Fi.

Netbook, laptop, computer. Certainly. it all depends on how actively you plan to use the Internet. After all, we are talking about mobile traffic. If you plan to use the Internet occasionally, checking social networks, news, etc. on average 20-30 minutes, then 1-2 GB is enough. If you plan to use the Internet more, but without downloading movies, music, etc. (I also mean online viewing), then about 3-5 GB per month will be enough for you. If you use the Internet regularly, including downloading videos and music, you should consider packages of 10 GB or more per month. IMPORTANT: disable automatic system updates for your device (of course, you shouldn’t risk using an antivirus). This will allow you to reduce the amount of traffic and you will be able to fit into the packages described above.

The times of analog media are a thing of the past; now, any information is stored in digital form. Not only personal computers work with digital data, but also almost any other modern technology, for example: Cell phones, MP3 players, digital cameras, camcorders and even television are rapidly switching to a digital signal.

Analog technology is used mainly in narrow circles of amateurs high-quality sound(vinyl records) or film photographs comparable in quality to SLR cameras premium level. In addition, do not forget that any output sound is converted into an analog signal, the quality of which directly depends on the cost of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Which in turn forces people to either pay a huge amount for a high-quality DAC, or use analog systems. Let's figure out what a kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte is.

What is a digital signal

A digital signal is an electrical pulse consisting of two values, one and zero. If there is voltage, a unit is set, if there is no voltage, a zero is set. This method most convenient for data processing by processor and other electronics. Thus, the digital stream approximately looks like this - 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1.

Bit

As mentioned above, a digital signal has only two values, one and zero. So, one such value is called a bit. A bit is the smallest unit of digital data. In everyday life, this value is usually not used, because it is too small. One bit can't even convey a point in text document.

The next quantity by which information is transmitted is a byte. One byte uses eight bits. That is, 8 different numbers consisting of zeros and ones.

One byte is enough to encode one character in a text document. A byte can encode 256 values. For example, two bits can have four positions - 00, 11, 01 and 10. In three bits, six positions can be transmitted - 111, 000, 100, 110, 010, 001. With eight bits, or one byte, 256 types of meanings can be encoded.

Surely many remember the game consoles of the 90s, called eight-bit consoles. The fact is that the console data could only transmit eight-bit images. Images with 256 varieties of color per pixel.

Accordingly, 16-bit set-top boxes that appeared a little later could transmit 65,535 colors.

Kilobyte

As you can already guess, just as a byte consists of bits, a kilobyte consists of bytes. One kilobyte uses 1024 bytes. To find out why exactly 1024, and not 1000, it is necessary to plunge into the origins of the creation of computer technology. In short, the extra bytes were used to prevent document corruption.

A few kilobytes can fit small text in a Word file or text document. One SMS message can take on average 1 - 2 kilobytes.

Megabyte

A more familiar word for modern computer users. One megabyte consists of 1024 kilobytes, or more than a million bytes.

Musical compositions, photographs from digital cameras, short videos or digitized books.

In those days when CD players were very popular among users, CD discs were produced with a capacity of 700 megabytes, on which either 80 minutes of audio recording in wav format or more than a hundred MP3 could be recorded.

One gigabyte contains 1024 megabytes. Most often, movies of more or less acceptable quality are measured in gigabytes. Until recently, films of 600 megabytes were the unspoken standard, but now, due to the increase in monitor diagonal, films with a capacity of 2 gigabytes or more are needed, and preferably all four. Why exactly 4 gigabytes? Everything is quite simple, the size of 600 megabytes appeared for a reason, this is the size that fit on CD disks at the time when this medium was most common. Over time, it gained great popularity DVD disc, having a volume of 4.7 GB, hence the file size is 4 gigabytes. Usually this size is enough for the video to have a 720p resolution.

Volume is also measured in gigabytes, both on computers and, more recently, on smartphones. Minimum amount of RAM for personal computer is 2 gigabytes. If the volume is smaller, you will have to use older ones OS eg Windows XP.