A month after the announcement Core processors Eighth generation for laptops, Intel has officially introduced a new generation of chips for desktop computers, codenamed Coffee Lake. They are produced using an improved 14-nm process technology and, as in the case of mobile Kaby Lake Refresh, contain a larger number of computing cores compared to their predecessors. If you do not take into account HEDT class solutions, this is the first increase in the number of cores in Intel desktop CPUs since 2006, when the Core 2 Extreme QX6700 was released.
There are six cores in Core i7 and i5, and four in Core i3. At the same time, the i7 series models implement HyperThreading technology, thanks to which they execute 12 threads simultaneously. All six new products, the list of which is presented on the slide below, are equipped with an integrated Intel HD Graphics 630 GPU and can work with Intel Optane drives. Support for DDR4-2666 is also declared, with the only exception being Core i3 compatible with DDR4-2400.
The nominal clock frequency of the most powerful member of the family, the Core i7-8700K, is 3.7 GHz, which is 500 MHz less than last year's Core i7-7700K. At the same time, under load the chip develops 200 MHz more - 4.7 GHz. The difference between the “nameplate” frequency and the turbo mode reaches almost 27%, but the dynamic overclocking Turbo Boost Max 3.0 is not used here, we are only talking about the usual Turbo Boost 2.0. Obviously, Intel resorted to a new frequency formula in order to achieve increased performance without a serious increase in heat dissipation requirements: the TDP of the Core i7-8700K is 95 W, which is only 4 W more than that of the i7-7700K.
Speaking about the speed of the new processors, the developers promise a 25% increase in frame rates in modern games, 65% higher speed in content creation applications such as Adobe Photoshop, and 32% faster 4K video processing. Along with the computing power, prices have also increased: for example, the cost of the i7-8700K in quantities of 1000 pieces is $359, which is 18% more expensive than the 7700K model. The new items will go on retail sale on October 5 this year, and deliveries to computer manufacturers will begin in the fourth quarter.
Simultaneously with CPU Coffee Lake Intel company announced the Z370 system logic set supporting them. The press release states that motherboards based on the chipset meet the increased power requirements of eighth-generation six-core Core processors and allow installation RAM DDR4-2666 standard. The first solutions based on the Z370 will also be announced on October 5, but some of them have already made it online before the deadline.
On June 2, Intel announced ten new 14-nanometer processors for desktop and mobile PCs of the family Intel Core fifth generation (codenamed Broadwell-C) and five new 14-nanometer processors of the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family.
Of the ten new fifth-generation Intel Core processors (Broadwell-C) for desktop and mobile PCs, only two processors are desktop-oriented and have an LGA 1150 socket: these are the quad-core Intel Core i7-5775C and Core i5-5675C models. All other fifth-generation Intel Core processors are BGA-designed and are aimed at laptops. Brief characteristics new Broadwell-C processors are presented in the table.
| Connector | Number of cores/threads | L3 cache size, MB | TDP, W | Graphics core | ||
| Core i7-5950HQ | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 2,9/3,7 | 47 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i7-5850HQ | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 2,7/3,6 | 47 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i7-5750HQ | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 2,5/3,4 | 47 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i7-5700HQ | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 2,7/3,5 | 47 | Intel HD Graphics 5600 |
| Core i5-5350H | BGA | 2/4 | 4 | 3,1/3,5 | 47 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i7-5775R | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 3,3/3,8 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i5-5675R | BGA | 4/4 | 4 | 3,1/3,6 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i5-5575R | BGA | 4/4 | 4 | 2,8/3,3 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i7-5775C | LGA 1150 | 4/8 | 6 | 3,3/3,7 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
| Core i5-5675C | LGA 1150 | 4/4 | 4 | 3,1/3,6 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 |
Of the five new processors of the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family, only three models (Xeon E3-1285 v4, Xeon E3-1285L v4, Xeon E3-1265L v4) have an LGA 1150 socket, and two more models are made in a BGA package and are not intended for self-installation to the motherboard. Brief characteristics of the new processors of the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family are presented in the table.
| Connector | Number of cores/threads | L3 cache size, MB | Nominal/maximum frequency, GHz | TDP, W | Graphics core | |
| Xeon E3-1285 v4 | LGA 1150 | 4/8 | 6 | 3,5/3,8 | 95 | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 |
| Xeon E3-1285L v4 | LGA 1150 | 4/8 | 6 | 3,4/3,8 | 65 | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 |
| Xeon E3-1265L v4 | LGA 1150 | 4/8 | 6 | 2,3/3,3 | 35 | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 |
| Xeon E3-1278L v4 | BGA | 4/8 | 6 | 2,0/3,3 | 47 | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 |
| Xeon E3-1258L v4 | BGA | 2/4 | 6 | 1,8/3,2 | 47 | Intel HD Graphics P5700 |
Thus, out of 15 new Intel processors, only five models have an LGA 1150 socket and are aimed at desktop systems. For users, of course, the choice is small, especially considering that the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family of processors is aimed at servers, and not at consumer PCs.
Moving forward, we'll focus on reviewing the new 14nm LGA 1150 processors.
So, the main features of the new fifth-generation Intel Core processors and the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family of processors are the new 14-nanometer core microarchitecture, codenamed Broadwell. In principle, there is no fundamental difference between the processors of the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family and the fifth generation Intel Core processors for desktop systems, so in the future we will refer to all these processors as Broadwell.
In general, it should be noted that the Broadwell microarchitecture is not just Haswell in 14-nanometer design. Rather, it is a slightly improved Haswell microarchitecture. However, Intel always does this: when switching to a new production process, changes are made to the microarchitecture itself. In the case of Broadwell, we are talking about cosmetic improvements. In particular, the volumes of internal buffers have been increased, there are changes in the execution units of the processor core (the scheme for performing multiplication and division operations on floating point numbers has been changed).
We will not consider in detail all the features of the Broadwell microarchitecture (this is a topic for a separate article), but we will once again emphasize that we are talking only about cosmetic changes to the Haswell microarchitecture, and therefore you should not expect that Broadwell processors will be more productive than Haswell processors. Of course, the transition to a new technological process has made it possible to reduce the power consumption of processors (at the same clock frequency), but no significant performance gains should be expected.
Perhaps the most significant difference between the new Broadwell and Haswell processors is the Crystalwell fourth-level cache (L4 cache). Let us clarify that such an L4 cache was present in Haswell processors, but only in top models of mobile processors, and in Haswell desktop processors with an LGA 1150 socket it was not present.
Let us recall that in some top models of Haswell mobile processors the Iris Pro graphics core was implemented with additional eDRAM memory (embedded DRAM), which made it possible to solve the problem of insufficient throughput memory used for GPU. eDRAM memory was a separate crystal, which was located on the same substrate with the processor crystal. This crystal was codenamed Crystalwell.
The eDRAM memory had a size of 128 MB and was manufactured using a 22-nanometer process technology. But the most important thing is that this eDRAM memory was used not only for the needs of the GPU, but also for the computing cores of the processor itself. That is, in fact, Crystalwell was an L4 cache shared between the GPU and the processor cores.
All new Broadwell processors also feature a separate 128 MB eDRAM memory die, which acts as an L4 cache and can be used by the graphics core and the processor's compute cores. Moreover, we note that the eDRAM memory in 14-nanometer Broadwell processors is exactly the same as in top-end ones mobile processors Haswell, that is, it is carried out using a 22-nanometer process technology.
The next feature of the new Broadwell processors is the new graphics core, codenamed Broadwell GT3e. In the version of processors for desktop and mobile PCs (Intel Core i5/i7) it is Iris Pro Graphics 6200, and in processors of the Intel Xeon E3-1200 v4 family it is Iris Pro Graphics P6300 (with the exception of the Xeon E3-1258L v4 model). We will not delve into the features of the Broadwell GT3e graphics core architecture (this is a topic for a separate article) and will only briefly consider its main features.
Let us recall that the Iris Pro graphics core was previously present only in Haswell mobile processors (Iris Pro Graphics 5100 and 5200). Moreover, the Iris Pro Graphics 5100 and 5200 graphics cores have 40 execution units (EU). The new graphics cores Iris Pro Graphics 6200 and Iris Pro Graphics P6300 are already equipped with 48 EUs, and the EU organization system has also changed. Each individual GPU unit contains 8 EUs, and the graphics module combines three graphics units. That is, one graphics module contains 24 EU, and the Iris Pro Graphics 6200 or Iris Pro Graphics P6300 graphics processor itself combines two modules, that is, a total of 48 EU.
As for the difference between the graphics cores of Iris Pro Graphics 6200 and Iris Pro Graphics P6300, at the hardware level they are the same (Broadwell GT3e), but their drivers are different. In the Iris Pro Graphics P6300 version, the drivers are optimized for tasks specific to servers and graphics stations.
Before moving on to a detailed examination of the Broadwell testing results, we’ll tell you about a few more features of the new processors.
First of all, the new Broadwell processors (including the Xeon E3-1200 v4) are compatible with motherboards based on Intel 9-series chipsets. We cannot claim that any board based on Intel chipset The 9-series will support these new Broadwell processors, but most boards support them. True, for this you will have to update the BIOS on the board, and the BIOS must support new processors. For example, for testing we used the ASRock Z97 OC Formula board and without BIOS updates the system worked only if there was discrete video card, and image output through the graphics core of Broadwell processors was impossible.
The next feature of the new Broadwell processors is that the Core i7-5775C and Core i5-5675C models have an unlocked multiplier, that is, they are focused on overclocking. In the Haswell family of processors, such processors with unlocked multipliers made up the K-series, and in the Broadwell family, the letter “C” is used instead of the letter “K”. But the Xeon E3-1200 v4 processors do not support overclocking (it is impossible to increase the multiplication factor for them).
Now let's take a closer look at the processors that came to us for testing. These are models , and . In fact, of the five new models with the LGA 1150 socket, the only thing missing is the Xeon E3-1285L v4 processor, which differs from the Xeon E3-1285 v4 only in lower power consumption (65 W instead of 95 W) and the fact that its nominal core clock speed slightly lower (3.4 GHz instead of 3.5 GHz). In addition, for comparison, we also added the Intel Core i7-4790K, which is top processor in the Haswell family.
The characteristics of all tested processors are presented in the table:
| Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i7-5775C | Core i5-5675С | Core i7-4790K | |
| Technical process, nm | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 22 |
| Connector | LGA 1150 | LGA 1150 | LGA 1150 | LGA 1150 | LGA 1150 |
| Number of Cores | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Number of threads | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 |
| L3 cache, MB | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 8 |
| L4 cache (eDRAM), MB | 128 | 128 | 128 | 128 | N/A |
| Rated frequency, GHz | 3,5 | 2,3 | 3,3 | 3,1 | 4,0 |
| Maximum frequency, GHz | 3,8 | 3,3 | 3,7 | 3,6 | 4,4 |
| TDP, W | 95 | 35 | 65 | 65 | 88 |
| Memory type | DDR3-1333/1600/1866 | DDR3-1333/1600 | |||
| Graphics core | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 | Iris Pro Graphics P6300 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | HD Graphics 4600 |
| Number of GPU execution units | 48 (Broadwell GT3e) | 48 (Broadwell GT3e) | 48 (Broadwell GT3e) | 48 (Broadwell GT3e) | 20 (Haswell GT2) |
| Nominal GPU frequency, MHz | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 350 |
| Maximum GPU frequency, GHz | 1,15 | 1,05 | 1,15 | 1,1 | 1,25 |
| vPro technology | + | + | − | − | − |
| VT-x technology | + | + | + | + | + |
| VT-d technology | + | + | + | + | + |
| Cost, $ | 556 | 417 | 366 | 276 | 339 |
And now, after our express review of the new Broadwell processors, let's move on directly to testing the new products.
Test bench
To test processors, we used a bench with the following configuration:
Testing methodology
Processor testing was carried out using our scripted benchmarks, and. More precisely, we took the methodology for testing workstations as a basis, but expanded it by adding tests from the iXBT Application Benchmark 2015 package and iXBT Game Benchmark 2015 game tests.
Thus, the following applications and benchmarks were used to test processors:
- MediaCoder x64 0.8.33.5680
- SVPmark 3.0
- Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2014.1 (Build 8.1.0)
- Adobe After Effects CC 2014.1.1 (Version 13.1.1.3)
- Photodex ProShow Producer 6.0.3410
- Adobe Photoshop CC 2014.2.1
- ACDSee Pro 8
- Adobe Illustrator CC 2014.1.1
- Adobe Audition CC 2014.2
- Abbyy FineReader 12
- WinRAR 5.11
- Dassault SolidWorks 2014 SP3 (Flow Simulation package)
- SPECapc for 3ds max 2015
- SPECapc for Maya 2012
- POV-Ray 3.7
- Maxon Cinebench R15
- SPECviewperf v.12.0.2
- SPECwpc 1.2
In addition, games and gaming benchmarks from the iXBT Game Benchmark 2015 package were used for testing. Testing in games was carried out at a resolution of 1920x1080.
Additionally, we measured the power consumption of processors in idle mode and under stress. For this purpose, a specialized software and hardware complex was used, connected to the power supply circuit break motherboard, that is, between the power supply and the motherboard.
To create CPU stress, we used the AIDA64 utility (Stress FPU and Stress GPU tests).
Test results
Processor power consumption
So, let's start with the results of testing processors for energy consumption. The test results are presented in the diagram.
The most voracious in terms of energy consumption, as one might expect, turned out to be the Intel Core i7-4790K processor with a declared TDP of 88 W. Its real power consumption in stress load mode was 119 W. At the same time, the temperature of the processor cores was 95°C and throttling was observed.
The next most power consuming processor was the Intel Core i7-5775C processor with a stated TDP of 65 W. For this processor, power consumption in stress mode was 72.5 W. The temperature of the processor cores reached 90 °C, but throttling was not observed.
The third place in terms of energy consumption was taken by the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor with a TDP of 95 W. Its power consumption in stress mode was 71 W, and the temperature of the processor cores was 78 °C
And the most economical in terms of energy consumption was the Intel Xeon E3-1265L v4 processor with a TDP of 35 W. In stress load mode, the power consumption of this processor did not exceed 39 W, and the temperature of the processor cores was only 56 °C.
Well, if we focus on the power consumption of processors, we must state that Broadwell has significantly lower power consumption compared to Haswell.
Tests from the iXBT Application Benchmark 2015 package
Let's start with the tests included in the iXBT Application Benchmark 2015. Note that we calculated the integral performance result as the geometric mean of the results in logical groups of tests (video conversion and video processing, video content creation, etc.). To calculate results in logical groups of tests, the same reference system was used as in the iXBT Application Benchmark 2015.
Full test results are shown in the table. In addition, we present the test results for logical groups of tests on diagrams in a normalized form. The result of the Core i7-4790K processor is taken as the reference.
| Logical test group | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| Video conversion and video processing, points | 364,3 | 316,7 | 272,6 | 280,5 | 314,0 |
| MediaCoder x64 0.8.33.5680, seconds | 125,4 | 144,8 | 170,7 | 155,4 | 132,3 |
| SVPmark 3.0, points | 3349,6 | 2924,6 | 2552,7 | 2462,2 | 2627,3 |
| Video content creation, points | 302,6 | 264,4 | 273,3 | 264,5 | 290,9 |
| Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2014.1, seconds | 503,0 | 579,0 | 634,6 | 612,0 | 556,9 |
| Adobe After Effects CC 2014.1.1 (Test #1), seconds | 666,8 | 768,0 | 802,0 | 758,8 | 695,3 |
| Adobe After Effects CC 2014.1.1 (Test #2), seconds | 330,0 | 372,2 | 327,3 | 372,4 | 342,0 |
| Photodex ProShow Producer 6.0.3410, seconds | 436,2 | 500,4 | 435,1 | 477,7 | 426,7 |
| Treatment digital photos, points | 295,2 | 258,5 | 254,1 | 288,1 | 287.0 |
| Adobe Photoshop CC 2014.2.1, seconds | 677,5 | 770,9 | 789,4 | 695,4 | 765,0 |
| ACDSee Pro 8, seconds | 289,1 | 331,4 | 334,8 | 295,8 | 271,0 |
| Vector graphics, points | 150,6 | 130,7 | 140,6 | 147,2 | 177,7 |
| Adobe Illustrator CC 2014.1.1, seconds | 341,9 | 394,0 | 366,3 | 349,9 | 289,8 |
| Audio processing, points | 231,3 | 203,7 | 202,3 | 228,2 | 260,9 |
| Adobe Audition CC 2014.2, seconds | 452,6 | 514,0 | 517,6 | 458,8 | 401,3 |
| Text recognition, points | 302,4 | 263,6 | 205,8 | 269,9 | 310,6 |
| Abbyy FineReader 12, seconds | 181,4 | 208,1 | 266,6 | 203,3 | 176,6 |
| Archiving and unarchiving data, points | 228,4 | 203,0 | 178,6 | 220,7 | 228,9 |
| WinRAR 5.11 archiving, seconds | 105,6 | 120,7 | 154,8 | 112,6 | 110,5 |
| WinRAR 5.11 unzipping, seconds | 7,3 | 8,1 | 8,29 | 7,4 | 7,0 |
| Integral performance result, points | 259,1 | 226,8 | 212,8 | 237,6 | 262,7 |
So, as can be seen from the testing results, in terms of integrated performance, the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor is practically no different from the Intel Core i7-4790K processor. However, this is an integral result based on the totality of all applications used in the benchmark.
However, there are a number of applications that benefit from the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor. These are applications such as MediaCoder x64 0.8.33.5680 and SVPmark 3.0 (video conversion and video processing), Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2014.1 and Adobe After Effects CC 2014.1.1 (video content creation), Adobe Photoshop CC 2014.2.1 and ACDSee Pro 8 (digital processing photographs). In these applications, the higher clock speed of the Intel Core i7-4790K processor does not give it an advantage over the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor.
But in applications such as Adobe Illustrator CC 2014.1.1 ( Vector graphics), Adobe Audition CC 2014.2 (audio processing), Abbyy FineReader 12 (text recognition), the advantage is on the side of the higher-frequency Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor. It is interesting to note here that tests based on Adobe applications Illustrator CC 2014.1.1 and Adobe Audition CC 2014.2 are less CPU intensive than other applications.
And of course, there are tests in which the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 and Intel Core i7-4790K processors demonstrate the same performance. For example, this is a test based on the WinRAR 5.11 application.
In general, it should be noted that the Intel Core i7-4790K processor demonstrates higher performance (compared to the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor) precisely in those applications in which not all processor cores are used or the cores are not fully loaded. At the same time, in tests where all processor cores are loaded at 100%, the leadership is on the side of the Intel Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor.
Calculations using Dassault SolidWorks 2014 SP3 (Flow Simulation)
Test based on Dassault SolidWorks 2014 SP3 application additional package We included Flow Simulation separately, since this test does not use a reference system, as in the tests of the iXBT Application Benchmark 2015.
Let us remind you that in this test we are talking about hydro/aerodynamic and thermal calculations. A total of six different models are calculated, and the results of each subtest are the calculation time in seconds.
Detailed test results are presented in the table.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| conjugate heat transfer, seconds | 353.7 | 402.0 | 382.3 | 328.7 | 415.7 |
| textile machine, seconds | 399.3 | 449.3 | 441.0 | 415.0 | 510.0 |
| rotating impeller, seconds | 247.0 | 278.7 | 271.3 | 246.3 | 318.7 |
| CPU cooler, seconds | 710.3 | 795.3 | 784.7 | 678.7 | 814.3 |
| halogen floodlight, seconds | 322.3 | 373.3 | 352.7 | 331.3 | 366.3 |
| electronic components, seconds | 510.0 | 583.7 | 559.3 | 448.7 | 602.0 |
| Total calculation time, seconds | 2542,7 | 2882,3 | 2791,3 | 2448,7 | 3027,0 |
In addition, we also present the normalized result of the calculation speed (the reciprocal of the total calculation time). The result of the Core i7-4790K processor is taken as the reference.
As can be seen from the testing results, in these specific calculations the leadership is on the side of Broadwell processors. All four Broadwell processors demonstrate more than high speed calculation in comparison with the Core i7-4790K processor. Apparently, these specific calculations are affected by the improvements in the execution units that were implemented in the Broadwell microarchitecture.
SPECapc for 3ds max 2015
Next, let's look at the results of the SPECapc for 3ds max 2015 test for the Autodesk 3ds max 2015 SP1 application. The detailed results of this test are presented in the table, and the normalized results for the CPU Composite Score and GPU Composite Score are presented in the charts. The result of the Core i7-4790K processor is taken as the reference.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| CPU Composite Score | 4,52 | 3,97 | 4,09 | 4,51 | 4,54 |
| GPU Composite Score | 2,36 | 2,16 | 2,35 | 2,37 | 1,39 |
| Large Model Composite Score | 1,75 | 1,59 | 1,68 | 1,73 | 1,21 |
| Large Model CPU | 2,62 | 2,32 | 2,50 | 2,56 | 2,79 |
| Large Model GPU | 1,17 | 1,08 | 1,13 | 1,17 | 0,52 |
| Interactive Graphics | 2,45 | 2,22 | 2,49 | 2,46 | 1,61 |
| Advanced Visual Styles | 2,29 | 2,08 | 2,23 | 2,25 | 1,19 |
| Modeling | 1,96 | 1,80 | 1,94 | 1,98 | 1,12 |
| CPU Computing | 3,38 | 3,04 | 3,15 | 3,37 | 3,35 |
| CPU Rendering | 5,99 | 5,18 | 5,29 | 6,01 | 5,99 |
| GPU Rendering | 3,13 | 2,86 | 3,07 | 3,16 | 1,74 |
Broadwell processors take the lead in the SPECapc 3ds for max 2015 test. Moreover, if in subtests depending on CPU performance (CPU Composite Score), Core i7-4790K and Xeon E3-1285 v4 processors demonstrate equal performance, then in subtests depending on graphics core performance (GPU Composite Score), all Broadwell processors significantly ahead of the Core i7-4790K processor.
SPECapc for Maya 2012
Now let's look at the result of another 3D modeling test - SPECapc for Maya 2012. Let us recall that this benchmark was run in conjunction with the Autodesk Maya 2015 package.
The results of this test are presented in a table, and the normalized results are presented in diagrams. The result of the Core i7-4790K processor is taken as the reference.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| GFX Score | 1,96 | 1,75 | 1,87 | 1,91 | 1,67 |
| CPU Score | 5,47 | 4,79 | 4,76 | 5,41 | 5,35 |
In this test, the Xeon E3-1285 v4 processor demonstrates slightly better performance compared to the Core i7-4790K processor, however, the difference is not as significant as in SPECapc 3ds for max 2015.
POV-Ray 3.7
In the POV-Ray 3.7 test (3D model rendering), the leader is the Core i7-4790K processor. In this case, a higher clock speed (with an equal number of cores) gives an advantage to the processor.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| Render average, PPS | 1568,18 | 1348,81 | 1396,3 | 1560.6 | 1754,48 |
Cinebench R15
In the Cinebench R15 benchmark, the result was mixed. In the OpenGL test, all Broadwell processors significantly outperform the Core i7-4790K processor, which is natural since they integrate a more powerful graphics core. But in the processor test, on the contrary, the Core i7-4790K processor turns out to be more productive.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| OpenGL, fps | 71,88 | 66,4 | 72,57 | 73 | 33,5 |
| CPU, cb | 774 | 667 | 572 | 771 | 850 |
SPECviewperf v.12.0.2
In the tests of the SPECviewperf v.12.0.2 package, the results are determined primarily by the performance of the processor's graphics core and, in addition, by the optimization of the video driver for certain applications. Therefore, in these tests the Core i7-4790K processor lags significantly behind the Broadwell processors.
The test results are presented in the table, as well as in normalized form in diagrams. The result of the Core i7-4790K processor is taken as the reference.
| Test | Xeon E3-1285 v4 | Xeon E3-1265L v4 | Core i5-5675C | Core i7-5775C | Core i7-4790K |
| catia-04 | 20,55 | 18,94 | 20,10 | 20,91 | 12,75 |
| creo-01 | 16,56 | 15,52 | 15,33 | 15,55 | 9,53 |
| energy-01 | 0,11 | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,08 |
| maya-04 | 19,47 | 18,31 | 19,87 | 20,32 | 2,83 |
| medical-01 | 2,16 | 1,98 | 2,06 | 2,15 | 1,60 |
| showcase-01 | 10,46 | 9,96 | 10,17 | 10,39 | 5,64 |
| snx-02 | 12,72 | 11,92 | 3,51 | 3,55 | 3,71 |
| sw-03 | 31,32 | 28,47 | 28,93 | 29,60 | 22,63 |
This is not to say that everything in this test is clear. In some scenarios (Media and Entertainment, Product Development, Life Sciences), Broadwell processors demonstrate better results. There are scenarios (Financial Services, Energy, General Operation) where the advantage is on the side of the Core i7-4790K processor or the results are approximately the same.
Game tests
And finally, let's look at the results of testing processors in gaming tests. Let us remind you that for testing we used the following games and gaming benchmarks:
- Aliens vs Predator
- World of Tanks 0.9.5
- Grid 2
- Metro: LL Redux
- Metro: 2033 Redux
- Hitman: Absolution
- Thief
- Tomb Raider
- Sleeping Dogs
- Sniper Elite V2
Testing was carried out at a screen resolution of 1920×1080 and in two settings modes: maximum and minimum quality. Test results are presented in diagrams. In this case, the results are not standardized.
In gaming tests, the results are as follows: all Broadwell processors show very close results, which is natural since they use the same Broadwell GT3e graphics core. And most importantly, with minimum quality settings, Broadwell processors allow you to comfortably play (at FPS over 40) most games (at a resolution of 1920x1080).
On the other hand, if the system uses a discrete graphics card, then there is simply no point in the new Broadwell processors. That is, there is no point in changing Haswell to Broadwell. And the price of Broadwells is not so attractive. For example, Intel Core i7-5775C is more expensive than Intel Core i7-4790K.
However, Intel does not seem to be betting on Broadwell desktop processors. The range of models is extremely modest, and Skylake processors are on the way, so it’s unlikely that Intel Core i7-5775C and Core i5-5675C processors will be in particular demand.
Server processors of the Xeon E3-1200 v4 family are a separate market segment. For most ordinary home users, such processors are of no interest, but in the corporate sector of the market these processors may be in demand.
Intel Core i5 processors are mid-range CPUs that are very popular. They are very balanced and offer enough high level performance for reasonable money, differing from the basic i7 only in the absence of HyperThreading technology.
Processors of the Core i5 series first appeared in 2009, after the company abandoned the Core 2 Duo brand, becoming the heirs of this line. Since then, the manufacturer has regularly updated the lineup, releasing a new generation approximately once a year. Now progress has slowed down a little due to the increasing complexity of mastering new technological processes, but the 9th is already on the way Core generation i5.
The announcement of the new line of chips is scheduled, according to preliminary data, for October 1. In the meantime, I suggest you familiarize yourself with the history of Core i5, generations of chips, their capabilities and features.
First generation (2009, Nehalem architecture)
First generation Intel Core i5 processors based on the Nehalem architecture were released at the end of 2009. In fact, they became a transitional link from the Core 2 series to the new generation of chips and were produced using the old 45 nm process technology, but already had 4 cores on one chip (C2Q had 2 chips with 2 cores each). There are three models released in the series under the numbers i5-750S (low power), 750 and 760.
The first generation chips did not have built-in graphics, were installed in boards with socket 1156 and worked with DDR3 memory. An important innovation was the transfer of part of the chipset (memory controller, PCI-E bus etc.) into the processor itself, whereas in its predecessors it was located in the north bridge. Also, the first Intel Core i5 received support for automatic Turbo overclocking Boost, which allows you to increase the frequency when the load on the cores is uneven.
First generation (2010, Westmere)
The Nehalem architecture was transitional, but already in 2010 the Core i5 Westmere processors, created using the 32 nm process technology, saw the light of day. However, they belonged to a lower segment, had 2 cores with HT support (HyperThreading - a technology for processing 2 threads of calculations on 1 core, allowing the processor to work in 4 threads) and had numbering like i5-6xx. The series included chips with numbers 650, 655K (overclockable), 660, 661, 670 and 680.
A special feature of the Intel Core i5 of this series is the appearance of a built-in GPU. It was not part of the CPU die, but was executed separately, using a 45 nm process technology. This was another step in transferring the functions of the motherboard chipset to the processor. Like the 700 series models, the chips had an s1156 socket and worked with DDR3 memory.
Second generation (2011, Sandy Bridge)
The Sandy Bridge architecture is one of the most important pages in the history of Intel. The chips on it were produced on the old 32 nm process technology, but received large internal optimizations. This allowed them to significantly surpass their predecessors in terms of specific performance: at the same frequency, the new chip was much faster than the old ones.
The processors of this series are called the Intel type Core i5-2xxx. One model, number 2390T, had two cores with HT support, the rest (from 2300 to 2550K) had 4 cores without HT. The older i5-2500K and 2550K chips had an unlocked multiplier and supported overclocking. They still work for many people to this day, overclocked to 4.5-5 GHz, and are in no hurry to retire.
For second generation Intel Core i5 processors, a new socket 1155 was created, which is incompatible with the old one. Also new was the transfer of the GPU to the same chip with the CPU. The memory controller still worked with DDR3 sticks.
Third generation (2012, Ivy Bridge)
Ivy Bridge is the second version of the previous architecture. The processors of this series differed from their predecessors in the new 22 nm process technology. However, their internal organization remained the same, so a small increase in performance (the notorious “+5%”) was achieved only by raising frequencies. Model numbers - from 3330 to 3570K.
The third generation processors were installed in the same boards with socket 1155, worked with DDR3 memory and were not fundamentally different from their predecessors. But for overclockers, the changes have become significant. The thermal interface between the crystal and the CPU cover was replaced from “liquid metal” (a eutectic alloy of fusible metals) to thermal paste, which reduced the overclocking potential of models with an unlocked multiplier. The I5-3470T had 2 cores with HT support, the rest had 4 cores without HT.
Fourth generation (2013, Haswell)
Following the tick-tock principle, the fourth generation Intel Core i5 processors were released on the same 22 nm process technology, but received architectural improvements. It was not possible to achieve a large performance increase (again the same 5%), but the CPUs became slightly more energy efficient. 4th generation Intel Core i5 processors were named in the format i5-4xxx, with numbers from 4430 to 4690. The i5-4570T and TE models were dual-core, the rest were quad-core.
Despite the minimum changes, the chips were transferred to the new 1150 socket, which was incompatible with the old one. They worked with DDR3 memory. As before, the series came out with models with an unlocked multiplier (index K), but due to the thermal paste under the cover, they had to be “scalped” for maximum overclocking.
The two R models (4570R and 4670R) featured enhanced Iris Pro graphics for gaming and 128MB of eDRAM. However, they were not available at retail, as they had an all-in-one BGA 1364 socket, and were only sold as part of compact PCs.
Fifth generation (2015, Broadwell)
As part of the fifth generation Intel Core i5, mass-produced Intel desktop processors were not released. The line was actually a transitional stage, and the chips were the same Haswell, but transferred to a new 14 nm process technology. There were only 3 quad-core models in the series: i5-5575R, 5675C and 5675R.
All desktop i5-5xxx had improved GPU Iris Pro, 128 MB eDRAM memory. Models with the R index were also soldered onto a board and sold only as part of finished computers. The i5-5675C, in contrast, was installed in a regular 1150 socket and was compatible with older boards.
Sixth Generation (2015, Skylake)
The sixth generation has become a full update to the Intel Core i5 processor line. Chips with Skylake architecture were produced using a 14 nm process technology and had 4 cores. Processor model numbers – from i5-6400 to 6600K,all CPUs are quad-core.
The new architecture did not provide a big performance increase, but the chips had a number of changes. Firstly, they were installed in the new socket 1151, and secondly, they received a combined DDR3/DDR4 memory controller.
In the sixth generation, chips with Iris Pro graphics were also released - i5-6585R and 6685R. They still allow you to run modern games (even at low graphics settings) and remain relevant. Due to the BGA connector, CPUs with the R index were not sold separately, only as part of finished PCs.
Seventh generation (2017, Kaby Lake)
The seventh generation Intel Core i5 is almost no different from the sixth. The manufacturing process remained the same, 14 nm, the architecture received only cosmetic improvements, and a small increase in performance was achieved only by increasing frequencies. Chips in this series are indexed i5-7xxx, model numbers are from 7400 to 7600K.
The processor socket remained the same (1151), the memory controller also did not change, so the chips remained compatible with sixth-generation motherboards. The exception is the i5-7640K model, designed for socket 2066 (Hi-End boards).
Eighth generation (2017, Coffee Lake)
After numerous “+5% again” (the magnitude of the increase is eloquently evidenced by the fact that the overclocked Core i5-2500K of 2011 is almost as good as any i5-7500 of 2011) in the eighth generation of Intel, progress has moved forward. This was facilitated by competition from AMD.
Intel Core i5 processors based on the Coffee Lake architecture are manufactured using the already familiar 14 nm process technology, are architecturally minimally different from Skylake and Kaby Lake, and have approximately the same performance per core. However, increasing the number of cores from 4 to 6 increased their performance up to 1.5 times compared to their predecessors. The series released chips with format names i5-8xxx, and numbers from 8400 to 8600K.
Even though the chip socket remains the same (1151), this a new version connector, and are not compatible with motherboards of previous generations Intel Core i5 8xxx series. This fact does not allow you to upgrade a computer on a conventional i3-6100 or i5-6400 by replacing the CPU with a new six-core one.
At the time of writing, the most modern are the eighth generation Intel Core i5, although the sixth and seventh are also relevant. However, the ninth generation is approaching, codenamed Cannon Lake architecture. By the beginning of 2019, at least 3 models will go on sale: i5-9400 , 9500 and9600K .
You shouldn't expect anything revolutionary from them. As with Skylake and Kaby Lake, the new generation is just a cosmetic improvement of the previous one (Coffee Lake), which, in turn, was also not new. Thus, all Intel Core i5 from the 6th to the 9th generation differ from each other only in the number of cores, frequencies and socket.
Almost 3 times faster: 802.11ax 2x2 160 MHz allows maximum theoretical data transfer rates of up to 2402 Mbps, almost 3 times (2.8 times) faster than 802.11ac 2x2 80 MHz (867 Mbps ), as documented in the IEEE 802.11 wireless standard specifications. Required use wireless router 802.11ax with a similar configuration.
Compared to other PC I/O technologies including eSATA, USB, and IEEE 1394 Firewire*. Actual performance may vary depending on hardware and software. A device with Thunderbolt™ technology is required. Additional information can be found on the website.
Best in class Wi-Fi technology 6: Intel adapters® Wi-Fi 6 (Gig+) supports additional 160 MHz channels, achieving the fastest possible theoretical speed (2402 Mbps) for typical 2x2 802.11ax PC Wi-Fi adapters. Premium Intel® Wi-Fi 6 (Gig+) adapters deliver 2x to 4x faster theoretical speeds than standard adapters Wi-Fi adapters 802.11ax PC 2x2 (1201 Mbps) or 1x1 (600 Mbps), which only support mandatory 80 MHz channels.
Based on AIXprt workload benchmark results between pre-production 10th Gen Intel® Core™ i7-1065G7 processor and 8th Gen Intel® Core™ i7-8565U processor (INT8 results). Performance test results are based on testing as of May 23, 2019, and may not reflect all publicly available security updates. detailed information presented in the configuration description. No system can be completely secure.
Intel is a sponsor and contributor to the Benchmark XPRT community and the primary developer of XPRT benchmarks. Principled Technologies is the publisher of the XPRT family of performance tests. You must consult other sources of information and performance tests to fully evaluate the products you are considering purchasing.
Changing the clock speed or voltage may damage or shorten the life of the processor and other system components, and may reduce system stability and performance. If processor specifications change, products may not be subject to warranty service. Behind additional information contact the system and component manufacturers.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries.
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Intel today introduced its eighth generation Core processors. Only this announcement did not turn out at all what we expected. Firstly, they presented only four CPUs of the Core i5 and Core i7 families. Secondly, they are not called Coffee Lake at all, but Kaby Lake Refresh.
So, first, about the processors themselves.
| Model | Number of cores/threads | Frequency, GHz | L3 cache size, MB | GPU | GPU frequency, MHz | TDP, W | Price, dollars |
| Core i5-8250U | 4/8 | 1,6-3,4 | 6 | UHD Graphics 620 | 300/1100 | 15 | 297 |
| Core i5-8350U | 4/8 | 1,7-3,6 | 6 | UHD Graphics 620 | 300/1100 | 15 | 297 |
| Core i7-8550U | 4/8 | 1,8-4,0 | 8 | UHD Graphics 620 | 300/1150 | 15 | 409 |
| Core i7-8650U | 4/8 | 1,9-4,2 | 8 | UHD Graphics 620 | 300/1150 | 15 | 409 |
So, as we see, mobile CPUs of the U family have now become quad-core, which is one of the most impressive changes in Intel processors in recent years. In addition, this was achieved while maintaining the TDP at 15 W. However, of course, this did not come in vain. As you can see, the frequencies are significantly lower than those of its predecessors. Moreover, all new products received a junior GPU UHD Graphics 620, while some Kaby Lake CPUs use the Iris Plus Graphics 640 core. That is, in some tasks the new processors may even be inferior to the old ones, but in general there should be a very significant advantage, especially in resource-intensive ones applications. Also, the actual energy consumption of new products will most likely still be higher.
Now let's move on to an equally interesting part of Intel's presentation. We are for it Lately We have repeatedly asked questions regarding the logic of releasing new generations of the company’s CPUs. We finally have answers. The thing is that from now on one numbered generation of Intel processors can include several generations of CPUs that are different from an architectural point of view. More precisely, the eighth generation Core will ultimately consist not only of Kaby Lake Refresh models, but also Coffee Lake and even Cannonlake processors.
Probably, Intel decided to do this in order to at least somewhat streamline the too large number of new solutions that will be released in a short period of time. Intel promises eighth-generation desktop models in the fall, without specifying a time frame. Apparently, these processors will be called Coffee Lake-S, although they could also be called Kaby Lake Refresh. Further, within the framework of the eighth generation, there will even be a change in the technical process, since Cannonlake solutions will be 10-nanometer. In the end, everything comes together, since the ninth generation, as we already know, will be called Ice Lake. True, this probably means that with the transition to data Intel processors will again return to the principle of one architectural generation per number number.
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