Structured cabling system (SCS) is a system whose construction principle meets three basic requirements:

• It is universal, that is, it makes it possible to use it to transmit signals from the main existing and future types of network equipment for various purposes;
• Allows you to quickly and at minimal cost organize new workplaces and change the connection diagram and SCS without laying additional cable lines;
• Allows you to organize single service operation.

In addition to the requirements described above, structured cabling networks allow:

• With relatively high initial investments in network construction, ensure significant savings in total costs due to the long service life of the structured cabling system and low operating costs;
• Increase the reliability of the structured cabling system;
• Use different ones at the same time network protocols and network architectures on the same local network;
• Combine optical and electrical signal transmission paths into a single system;
• Eliminate wire tangles in cable runs local networks;
• Due to the principle of building a network from individual modules, ensure rapid localization of faults, restoration of a structured cable network or transition to backup lines.

A structured cabling system is the basis of the information infrastructure of any enterprise, allowing you to combine many information services for various purposes into a single system: LAN, telephone networks, security systems, video surveillance, etc. That is why the role of SCS is so great in building a corporate information system: the reliability and security of various operations, without which the operation of a modern enterprise is impossible, depends on how well local networks are built.

The LanKey company performs the full range of work related to the construction of computer networks, telephone and electrical networks, and the construction of SCS. Our company’s specialists carry out LAN design, testing and certification of the constructed SCS. Our organization has the necessary licenses and certificates to carry out activities in the field of network creation, as well as certificates from leading SCS manufacturers. Our specialists have all the necessary professional knowledge in the field of creating computer networks and creating local networks.

The high quality of the network construction work performed is confirmed by feedback from our customers.

Examples of SCS installation projects implemented by LanKey:

Customer	Description of work performed
	A structured cabling system has been installed.
	As part of the complex project, a structured cabling system was organized. Based on the results of the work, a letter of gratitude was sent to LanKey from the Customer.
	A structured cabling system with a capacity of 960 ports was installed. The quality of the work is confirmed by the review.
	A structured cabling system has been deployed.
	A structured cabling system has been installed. The completed work received positive feedback.
	A structured cabling system has been installed. The work was highly appreciated by the customer.
	Work has been completed to expand the structured cabling system. The quality of work is confirmed

The cabling system is the foundation of any network. If she will Low quality, then even the most modern and productive equipment will be slow, unstable and will not meet user requirements. Moreover, problems with the cable system become much more numerous as the size of the network increases.

Structured cabling systems have become the answer to high demands on cabling system quality.

Structured Cabling System (SCS) is a set of switching elements (cables, connectors, connectors, cross-connect panels and cabinets), as well as their methodology sharing, which allows you to create regular, easily expandable connection structures in computer networks.

A structured cabling system is a kind of “constructor” with the help of which the network designer builds the configuration he needs from standard cables connected by standard connectors and switched on standard cross-connect panels. If necessary, the connection configuration can be easily changed - add a computer, segment, switch, remove unnecessary equipment, and also change connections between computers and hubs.

When building a structured cabling system, it is assumed that each workplace in the enterprise must be equipped with sockets for connecting a telephone and a computer, even if this moment this is not required. That is, a good structured cabling system is built redundant. In the future, this can save money, since changes in connecting new devices can be made by reconnecting already laid cables.

A structured cabling system is planned and built hierarchically, with a main trunk and numerous branches from it (Fig. 4.1).

Rice. 4.1. Hierarchy of structured cabling system

A typical hierarchical structure of a structured cabling system (Figure 4.2) includes:

Rice. 4.2. Structure of cable subsystems

• horizontal subsystems (within a floor);
• vertical subsystems (inside the building);
• campus subsystem (within one territory with several buildings).

Horizontal subsystem connects the floor cross cabinet to the users' sockets. Subsystems of this type correspond to the floors of the building. Vertical subsystem connects the cross cabinets of each floor with the central equipment room of the building. Next step hierarchy is campus subsystem, which connects several buildings to the main equipment room of the entire campus. This part of the cabling system is usually called the backbone.

Using a structured cabling system instead of haphazardly routed cables provides many benefits to a business.

• Versatility. A structured cabling system, with thoughtful organization, can become a single environment for transmitting computer data locally. computer network, local organization telephone network, transmitting video information and even transmitting signals from fire safety sensors or security systems. This allows you to automate many processes of control, monitoring and management of economic services and life support systems of the enterprise.
• Increased service life. The obsolescence of a well-structured cabling system can be 10-15 years.
• Reduce the cost of adding new users and changing their placements. It is known that the cost of a cable system is significant and is determined mainly not by the cost of the cable, but by the cost of laying it. Therefore, it is more profitable to carry out a one-time job of laying the cable, perhaps with a larger margin in length, than to carry out the laying several times, increasing the length of the cable. With this approach, all work on adding or moving a user is reduced to connecting the computer to an existing outlet.
• Possibility of easy network expansion. The structured cabling system is modular and therefore easy to expand. For example, you can add a new subnet to a backbone without having any impact on existing subnets. You can change the cable type on a specific subnet independently of the rest of the network. Structured cabling is the basis for dividing the network into easily manageable logical segments, since it itself is already divided into physical segments.
• Providing more efficient service. A structured cabling system makes maintenance and troubleshooting easier than a bus cabling system. With a bus-based cable system, the failure of one of the devices or connecting elements leads to a difficult-to-localize failure of the entire network. In structured cabling systems, the failure of one segment does not affect the others, since the segments are combined using hubs. Concentrators diagnose and localize the faulty area.
• Reliability. A structured cabling system has increased reliability because the manufacturer of such a system guarantees not only the quality of its individual components, but also their compatibility.

The first structured cabling system to have all the modern features of this type of system was the SYSTIMAX SCS system from Lucent Technologies (formerly a division of AT&T). And today Lucent Technologies owns the major share of the global market. Many other companies also produce high-quality structured cabling systems, for example AMP, BICC Brand-Rex, Siemens, Alcatel, MOD-TAP. On Russian market The domestic structured cable system IT-SCS of the Moscow company IT is successfully gaining its place in the sun.

When choosing a cable, the following characteristics are taken into account: bandwidth, distance, physical security, electromagnetic immunity, cost. In addition, when choosing a cable, you need to take into account what cabling system is already installed in the enterprise, as well as what trends and prospects exist in the market at the moment.

The structured cabling system (SCS) is the fundamental basis throughout the entire existence of the information network. This is the basis on which the functioning of all applications depends (Fig. 81). A properly designed, installed and managed cabling system reduces costs for any organization at all phases of its life.

Rice. 81. Comparative indicators of the average lifetime of elements of a distributed information processing system

According to statistics, imperfect cabling systems are the cause of up to 70% of all information network downtime. Although cabling typically outlasts most other network components, its cost represents only 5% of the total network investment. Thus, using structured cabling systems is a very compelling way to invest in the productivity of any organization or company.

The cabling system is the longest-lived network component, outlasting only the building frame. A standards-based cabling system ensures long-term network performance and support for all numerical applications, providing a return on investment throughout its lifespan.

Hierarchy in the cable system

A structured cabling system (SCS) is a set of switching elements (cables, connectors, connectors, cross-connect panels and cabinets), as well as a technique for using them together, which allows you to create regular, easily expandable connection structures in computer networks.

A structured cabling system is a kind of “constructor” with the help of which the network designer builds the configuration he needs from standard cables connected by standard connectors and switched on standard cross-connect panels. If necessary, the connection configuration can be easily changed - add a computer, segment, switch, remove unnecessary equipment, and also change connections between computers and hubs.

When building a structured cabling system, it is assumed that every workplace in the enterprise must be equipped with sockets for connecting a telephone and computer, even if this is not currently required. That is, a good structured cabling system is built redundant. This can save money in the future, since changes in the connection of new devices can be made by reconnecting already laid cables.

A structured cabling system is planned and built hierarchically, with a main trunk and numerous branches from it (Fig. 82).

Rice. 82. Hierarchy of a structured cabling system

This system can be built on the basis of existing modern telephone cable systems, in which cables, which are a set of twisted pairs, are laid in each building, routed between floors, on each floor a special cross-connect cabinet is used, from which wires in pipes and ducts are brought to each room and are provided with sockets. Unfortunately, in our country, not even all newly built buildings have telephone lines laid with twisted pairs, so they are unsuitable for creating computer networks, and in this case the cable system must be built anew.

A typical hierarchical structure of a structured cabling system (Figure 83) includes:

horizontal subsystems (within a floor);

vertical subsystems (inside the building);

campus subsystem (within one territory with several buildings).

Rice. 83. Structure of cable subsystems

The horizontal subsystem connects the floor's cross-connect cabinet to the users' sockets. Subsystems of this type correspond to the floors of the building. The vertical subsystem connects the cross-connect cabinets of each floor with the central equipment room of the building. The next step in the hierarchy is the campus subsystem, which connects several buildings to the main control room of the entire campus. This part of the cabling system is usually called the backbone.

Using a structured cabling system instead of haphazardly routed cables provides many benefits to a business.

Versatility. A structured cabling system, with thoughtful organization, can become a single environment for transmitting computer data on a local computer network, organizing a local telephone network, transmitting video information, and even transmitting signals from fire safety sensors or security systems. This allows you to automate many processes of control, monitoring and management of economic services and life support systems of the enterprise.

Increased service life. The obsolescence of a well-structured cabling system can be 15 years.

Reduce the cost of adding new users and changing their placements. It is known that the cost of a cable system is significant and is determined mainly not by the cost of the cable, but by the cost of laying it. Therefore, it is more profitable to carry out a one-time job of laying the cable, perhaps with a larger margin in length, than to carry out the laying several times, increasing the length of the cable. With this approach, all work on adding or moving a user is reduced to connecting the computer to an existing outlet.

Possibility of easy network expansion. The structured cabling system is modular and therefore easy to expand. For example, you can add a new subnet to a backbone without having any impact on existing subnets. You can change the cable type on a specific subnet independently of the rest of the network. Structured cabling is the basis for dividing the network into easily manageable logical segments, since it itself is already divided into physical segments.

Providing more efficient service. A structured cabling system makes maintenance and troubleshooting easier than a bus cabling system. With a bus-based cable system, the failure of one of the devices or connecting elements leads to a difficult-to-localize failure of the entire network. In structured cabling systems, the failure of one segment does not affect the others, since the segments are combined using hubs. Concentrators diagnose and localize the faulty area.

Reliability. A structured cabling system has increased reliability because the manufacturer of such a system guarantees not only the quality of its individual components, but also their compatibility.

The first structured cabling system to have all the modern features of this type of system was the SYSTIMAX SCS system from Lucent Technologies (formerly a division of AT&T). And today Lucent Technologies owns the major share of the global market. Many other companies also produce high-quality structured cabling systems, such as AMP, BICC Brand-Rex, Siemens, Alcatel, MOD-TAP.

It was repeatedly mentioned how it is necessary to carry out work related to the installation of SCS (or structured cabling systems). Therefore, it is worth understanding the very concept of SCS, and also understanding how exactly they stand out from all currently existing cable systems? This article gives a full definition of this concept, identifies the properties of SCS, as well as the overall principles related to their construction.

What is SCS?

A structured cabling system (SCS) is a multifunctional complex of certain cable routes in city buildings (or a separate building), various premises, which is designed to perform the function of connecting equipment for various purposes over a long period of time. The main characteristics of SCS include versatility, as well as a long period of operation.
In addition, SCS:

• is capable of ensuring the functioning of communication of all kinds of systems (telephone, video surveillance, fire alarm, computer network, as well as security alarm);
• stationary, it is deployed for a long period of time (from 5 years);
• does not depend on the type of connected equipment.

What is included in the SCS?

As a rule, SCS is built using communication equipment related to passive type, including:

SCS includes:

• special switching nodes (acting as connection points for various network equipment of the active type);
• cable lines (laid cable wiring both vertically and horizontally);
• workplaces (where telephony devices and various office equipment are directly connected).

SCS in multi-storey buildings are presented in the form of switching nodes located on each individual floor, and cable lines are laid vertically between them, while using horizontal wiring, the switching node of a separate floor is connected directly to those located on this level jobs. And all switching nodes are connected to a single switching center of the entire building. An external communication line fits into this location.
Today, all SCS are standardized; in the process of designing modern cable routes, as well as connection points for various equipment, conventional socket models and a certain type of cable are used. As a rule, all workplaces are equipped with at least 2 sockets designed for connection different types computer equipment, telephones. In this case, the sockets are installed so that the length of the patch cord used to connect all kinds of equipment is no more than 5 m.

Important requirements for SCS

One of the most necessary requirements for SCS buildings used today is their fire safety. When laying a cable route, as well as choosing the type of cable, it is important to take into account fire safety regulations.

Requirements related to the length of modern cable lines are established taking into account the type of cable used. Today, SCS is not used up to category 5, and this cable is limited in the length of the horizontal cable route to 90 m. However, using a fiber-optic network, this route can be extended to a length of over 300 meters. SCS, as a rule, are designed with a larger number of connections than required, so that in the future, when expanding urban infrastructure, there is no need to carry out auxiliary large-scale work.

All horizontal as well as vertical wiring lines in the SCS must be designed so that they can be quickly reconnected.

In addition, all cable lines must be reliably hidden: lay the cable in special technological wells located behind false floors or ceilings, and protect them with a special box.
After installation of structured cabling systems (SCS), absolutely all existing communication lines in the cable system must be tested for endurance, as well as for the degree of compliance with certain international technical standards.
More detailed information For cable products and SCS components, you can contact our specialists.

Data networks occupy one of the most important places in the IT infrastructure. is designed taking into account the wishes of the customer, the necessary requirements for data transfer speed and operating conditions. Today, SCS is a necessary attribute of every office, residential, public and industrial building and ensures operability by connecting various IT equipment into a single whole: server, PC, office equipment, IP telephony, etc.
– this is the basis information structure any enterprise. All variety of information services various types and appointments, various peripheral devices, as well as automated workstations, SCS allows you to combine them into one system. Systems such as local and telephone networks, security and fire alarms, video surveillance systems, access control and management are an integral part of any modern organization. A competent and high-quality SCS allows you to structure all these services, which in turn increases the efficiency of the company.

SCS provides its subscribers with the following information services:

data services;

services wireless connection subscribers;

unified telephone network services based on IP telephony;

audio and video conferencing services.

SCS consists of the following subsystems:

network subsystem;

network security subsystem;

IP telephony and voice mail subsystem;

access control and authorization subsystem;

monitoring and control subsystem;

audio-video conferencing subsystem;

wireless network subsystem.

Basic principles for constructing SCS:

Performance

SCS equipment is selected based on the planned volumes of processed traffic, as well as the requirements for the functions of the equipment and the protocols used.

Reliability and Availability

The operating mode of the SCS is around the clock, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. In the event of failures, the SCS has the ability to automatically reconfigure in order to maintain operability and minimize downtime.

Scalability

SCS provides for the possibility of expansion, i.e. its topology and equipment provide the ability to increase the number of connected points and increase the volume of traffic. All SCS equipment is selected with reserve, both in terms of performance and the possibility of installing additional modules and expanding functionality.

Efficiency

During the SCS design process, optimization is carried out in order to more efficiently use resources (amount of memory, processor performance, throughput data channels). Efficient use of SCS resources reduces the total cost of system ownership.

Safety

The SCS takes into account the requirements for organizing security and protection against unauthorized access (NDA). All devices included in the SCS are protected by a password system that has several levels. Authentication of access to equipment can be carried out using software Authentication software that provides password encryption. Remote access to devices can be carried out using protocols that provide a secure management session.

Unification and standardization

When creating an SCS, it is proposed to use equipment from one manufacturer as active network equipment. The equipment has a common one for all devices operating system(OS).
To ensure interaction between various SCS subsystems, the IP protocol is used.

SKS standards:

1) American standard EIA/TIA-568B Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard
2) international standard ISO/IEC IS 11801 Information Technology. Generic cabling for customer premises
3) European standard CENELEC EN 50173 Information Technology. Generic cabling systems

Among the implemented projects is SCS MGUP Mosvodokanal, which included such work as: design of SCS, installation and crossing of racks, laying optical communication lines (FOCL).

We work with the full range of fiber optic products (FOCL), copper pairs, server cabinets, patch panels, sockets, etc. Our company has modern equipment and software for design and installation of SCS. Upon delivery of the project, a full report on testing of all installed communication lines is attached. Implementation of SCS is carried out using active and passive network equipment from leading manufacturers such as Cisco, Hewlett-Packard, 3COM, etc.

Design of SCS (structured cabling system)

The design department of the GRIN EFFECT company provides a full range of services for SCS design.
At the first stage of SCS design, an inspection of the facility, negotiations with the customer, identification of tasks and requirements for the SCS are carried out.
Based on the results of research and analysis of initial data, an optimal project for constructing a structured cabling system is developed, which includes all the wishes and requirements of the customer. The SCS project presents: detailed plans location of system elements; principled and block diagrams connections, cable routes, cable log. A specification of equipment and materials, an estimate for the installation of SCS and statements of work performed are also drawn up.

SCS design is carried out in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2008 No. 87 “On the composition of sections of design documentation and requirements for their content”, regional building codes and technical specifications requirements.
When designing SCS, the requirements of existing legislation and regulatory documents on ecology, labor protection and fire safety are taken into account.

Pre-project survey

The purpose of the pre-project survey is to determine a set of measures and develop technical proposals taking into account the formed standard solutions. Based on the results of the survey, our design engineers will help the Customer develop a competent technical specification (TOR) for the design of SCS.

Technical specifications (TOR) SKS

Customer requirements form the basis technical specifications (TOR) of SCS and are the primary document from which work on creating a structured cabling system begins. In addition to the technical requirements, at the first stages of the SCS design work, data obtained during the pre-design survey is used as initial information. Any design begins with a correctly written technical specification approved by the customer. The design terms and selection of necessary equipment for the construction of SCS, described in the technical specifications, depend on a well-written technical specification.

The composition of SCS design documentation is regulated by Government Decree Russian Federation“On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content” dated February 16, 2008, No. 87.

SCS design documentation (stage “P”)

A well-developed concept of SCS and technical specifications provide the basis for creating a draft plan for SCS - a single set of solutions designed to ensure the specified operating mode of SCS. The preliminary design determines the optimal structure of the SCS and the cabling route, the location and composition of telecommunications infrastructure elements, an idea of ​​the project budget, as well as a number of other parameters that will facilitate the selection of specific solutions.
SCS design documentation consists of text and graphic materials that define space-planning, structural and technical solutions for construction or reconstruction (modernization) of SCS.
The basis for the development of the SCS project is the architectural, construction, technological and engineering parts of the building design. The SCS project is focused on using the most efficient and well-proven equipment and component materials. Smart design is high speed performance of construction work and maintenance of SCS. Error-free project calculation – minimizing equipment costs.

Working documentation of SCS (stage “P”)

At the next stage, working documentation for the SCS is developed, which is used during the construction phase. It is at this stage that the resource intensity of the process, the volume of construction and installation work, the amount of necessary equipment and materials, and therefore the final budget of the SCS project.
Detailed design documentation for SCS is developed after approval of the previous design stage. The purpose of the work at stage “P” is to prepare accurate drawings, diagrams and tables that will guide installers when carrying out work on creating SCS. Detailed documentation provides detailed linking of the components of all systems to the object. The working documentation of the SCS contains drawings, tables of connections and connections, plans for the location of equipment and wiring and other documents.

Estimate documentation SCS (“SD”)

The development of estimate documentation is the final stage of designing a structured cable system and determines the full cost of equipment, construction, installation and commissioning works.

Installation of SCS

In accordance with the SCS project approved by the Customer and the purchase of the necessary equipment, the following is produced:

organization of a switching center

installation of electrical panels

installation of cable channels

access point placement

installation of sockets

cable routing

GREEN EFFECT specialists provide a full range of SCS installation services.
The experience accumulated in this area allows us to install and connect SCS in the shortest possible time, in strict accordance with the project and the proper quality of work.

Setting up SCS

Upon completion of installation, the SCS undergoes comprehensive testing and configuration in order to check the functionality of the system and identify defects. Testing and configuration results with explanations of parameter values ​​and an analysis of the quality of the structured cabling system are provided to the customer (an example of a testing report in the figure). After completion of all work and transfer of documentation to the customer, representatives of the contractor and the customer inspect the facility. If all necessary requirements and tasks are met, as well as compliance with the technical specifications, the facility is put into operation.

Maintenance of SCS (structured cabling system)

Maintenance of structured cabling system (SCS maintenance) carried out to ensure uninterrupted operation unified system IT equipment company and permanent access personnel to various information services.
Maintenance of SCS is carried out by diagnosing the condition of all sections of SCS, taking measurements in cross-cabinets, detecting and eliminating damage to SCS elements.

SCS maintenance includes:

preventive work

restoration work.

Volume of work Maintenance SCS depend on operating conditions and equipment composition.

Preventative maintenance work for SCS:

checking cross-connect equipment for completeness, presence of markings, external damage and operating conditions

restoration of damaged markings of cross-connect equipment

laying cross-cords in cable organizers

diagnostics of SCS ports

restoring the functionality of damaged SCS ports

providing the Customer with SCS maintenance reports and recommendations for SCS reconstruction

Diagnostics of SCS ports consists of measuring the parameters of SCS ports for compliance with category parameters using appropriate certified instrumentation with issuing reports on all measured parameters over the entire frequency range. Non-compliance of SCS ports with category requirements is determined based on the results of port diagnostics.

Restoration work of SCS maintenance:

replacing damaged cables

restoration of damaged crossover equipment

Malfunctions identified as a result of preventive maintenance are eliminated by the Contractor as part of SCS maintenance. Depending on the nature of the malfunction, a decision is made to remove the faulty equipment from use and include it in the SCS routine repair plan, or to eliminate the defect on site. Faults that require additional work and material resources to eliminate should be eliminated after drawing up a defect report. Identified violations of the operating conditions of the SCS are reported to the Customer's representatives.

The SCS maintenance work schedule is developed and approved by the Customer. Based on the results of the work, the contractor provides a report, which includes:

table of location of SCS ports at the facility

cross-connection table for SCS cross-connect equipment

act of measuring parameters of SCS ports

defective statement.