In the professional skills section or additional information many indicate computer knowledge. But not everyone can make a list of computer programs for a resume. Of course, it’s best to only indicate software that you really know how to work with. After all, the recruiter may ask you to show your skills right at the interview.
Writing rules
HR officers advise writing about computer skills even to those people who are applying for a position not related to working on a PC. When describing your level of proficiency in this technique, you can indicate a list of programs that you know how to use. You also need to write down at what level you know the computer. You can indicate this as follows:
- confident PC user;
- average level;
- entry-level computer skills.
But it’s not worth describing in detail about your knowledge of certain programs. Each applicant can use this example of writing this column:
Advanced user. Ability to work with basic MS Office programs (Access, Excel, Power Point, Word, WordPad), graphic editors (Picture Manager, CorelDRAW), programs for sending and receiving electronic correspondence (Outlook Express). I can search quickly necessary information on the Internet, I can work with different browsers(Opera, Firefox, Chrome, Amigo, Internet Explorer). Good knowledge of the features of the Windows operating system.
The universal version of this section may look slightly different:
Intermediate PC skills. Ability to work with MS Office programs (experience with Excel, Word), search and download necessary information via the Internet (worked with Opera browsers, Firefox), I can send emails.
Specifics of professions
There are a number of specialties for which it is necessary to list knowledge of programs that help work. Of course, it’s better to start the description with general information about the level of computer skills and the ability to work with basic programs. For example, in an accountant’s resume this column might look like this:
Confident computer user. Knowledge of basic programs Microsoft Office such as MS Access, Word, PowerPoint, Excel, ability to work with email (including Outlook Express, Mirramail, EmailOpenViewPro). Excellent Internet skills in various browsers (worked in Opera, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and others). Knowledge of specialized computer programs: 1C: Accounting 7.7 and 8, Parus, Client-Bank systems.
Too large a list listing all kinds of software can have the opposite effect: the employer will decide that your knowledge is very superficial.
It would be nice if an applicant for the position of sales manager, in addition to the list of basic PC programs, also indicates knowledge of specialized ones. In his resume, the specified section of the “professional skills” column may look like this:
Level of competent user. Skills in searching for specialized information on the Internet, experience working with various browsers (including Explorer, Opera, Chrome and others). Knowledge of the basics of working with operating rooms Linux systems and Windows, basic office programs, text and graphic editors(Word, WordPad, PowerPoint, Access, Paint, Excel, Photoshop). Skills in working with specialized systems "BEST", 1C:Enterprise (specification "Trade and Warehouse"), experience working with CRM system regulating relationships with clients.
If the position requires more in-depth knowledge certain programs, then they must be specified. So, for the position of PHP programmer, in addition to the ability to work with a PC, you may need the following: knowledge of PHP, social media API, WordPress API, CSS, HTML, JS, CSS.
In the latter case, you need to focus on your knowledge and the employer’s requirements.
If mastering new programs does not cause you any difficulties, this is worth noting at the end of the section.
Few of today's users remember the reckless 90s and the computers of that time. Automation of tasks was possible even then; you can at least remember our trusty old autoexec.bat - a file that ran every time the computer was turned on, took control and automated the execution of routine work.
Now, of course, everything is not entirely like that, but there are many programs with the help of which any PC user can solve the automation problem for themselves for free own computer. This article will look at several modern applications created for similar purposes.
Why do we need programs to automate actions on a computer?
Every day, each user performs many routine operations - launches antiviruses, archives data, downloads files, looks at his mail, etc. This is not the largest list of constantly repeating work.
What about those who constantly send out tons of emails, print out documents, delete outdated files, and check their hard drive?
This is a rather tedious task, so maximum automation of actions is desirable for constantly repeating processes. There are several programs that can take over this function. With their help, you can organize not only the above actions, but also clean system registry from unnecessary rubbish, constantly update data, etc.
Important information. It is better to run such automated programs at night, when the computer and network are not loaded, in order to relieve your work time as efficiently as possible.
Windows Task Scheduler
The problems of automating computers running the Windows operating system are not at all difficult to solve. After all, there is a built-in program for this - Task Scheduler.
If you have Windows installed on your computer, then you don’t need to download anything, just find and run this application. You can do this in the following way:
- Click on the “Start” button;
- In the menu that opens, select an item such as “Control Panel”;
- A panel opens, in it you need to select “Administration”;
- In the window that opens, find the “Task Scheduler” sub-item and launch it with two mouse clicks.
Windows automation in older versions of the system, for example, in the 7th, can also be done simply by typing in command line required command:
- In the “Start” button menu, select “All Programs”;
- Find the “Standard” item in the list;
- Open the “Command Line” sub-item;
- In the command line that opens, type the file name Taskschd.msc and press Enter.
At 10 Windows versions this is easier to do. The file name Taskschd.msc is typed in the “Run” window, and then clicked “OK”.
List of main application commands:
- Create a simple task – the process is carried out using a wizard;
- Create a task – in this case everything will be created “manually”;
- Import task – some other previously created and exported task is imported; this is often used in local networks to synchronize the actions of several computers;
- Display all running tasks - to see which specific tasks are running and running;
- Enable job log – the scheduler log records all automation actions;
- Create/delete folder – in the scheduler you can create or delete your own folders for work;
- Export – using this command created on this computer the task can be exported to another computer or simply remembered for further actions.
How to create your own task project in Windows Scheduler
You can create an automated task to run the defragmentation program, which will run, for example, every Wednesday at 3 am. To do this, you need to perform the following sequence of actions:
That's it, the task is ready. But you should be careful with spyware– they can use the task scheduler for their own purposes.
Software automation with xStarter
This program can be downloaded from the resource http://www.xstarter.com/rus/. The download is free, and updating xStarter will also be free.
This application allows you to automate processes using user-created macros; for this you do not need to know programming techniques; anyone can do this. Any actions in operating system are recorded by the program in special files, reproducing which you can always get the desired result.
A special addition to the application called Job Scheduler for Firebird/Interbase is designed to work with database servers; it can execute scripts on SQL language, restore old databases, etc.
Thus, xStarter has advanced capabilities compared to the standard Windows task scheduler. From the application, you can independently create executable files.exe, which can be easily transferred to any other computer.
With the Web Pilot add-on you can remote control other computers in local network.
In addition to these innovations, the xStarter application has the following advantages:
- you can track the state of the file system, the user will be warned if it changes;
- automation of work with e-mail;
- organization of work with FTP and HTTP.
If you need truly efficient application automation, then the Macro Scheduler app is what you need.
This program is shareware, that is, it assumes a certain period - 30 days for free use, then you can purchase a paid one working version.
In this application, you can also create your own macros simply by recording a sequence of actions. For more knowledgeable and advanced users, it is possible to write code in MacroScript in a visual editor - this is to create more complex versions of tasks.
The Professional version allows code to be compiled into an executable file.exe that can be run on various Windows PCs. There are three versions of the Macro Scheduler program - Lite, Standard and Professional. Of course, the Professional version is the most “advanced”, but also the most expensive – $195.
If you have experience creating macros, then working with the program will not be difficult for you. All your actions after clicking the Record button will be recorded in the editor. Stop recording by pressing CTRL+ALT+S. Afterwards, the recorded script can be played back by clicking the Start button.
The program code of the recorded script can be corrected manually, but for this you need to know the MacroScript language. You can also insert fragments written in VBScript into the code.
But in most cases, it is enough to use templates of existing scripts using the Macro Scheduler Automation Tool. There you will find templates for working with text files and images, registry, with memory buffer, with various devices etc.
AutoTask 2000 overview
After 30 days, you need to buy a working package of the AutoTask program for $60. This application has a very simple interface, making it very easy to work with even for a beginner.
In AutoTask you can record a script for executing a macro, just like in previous applications. This is done with the help of a wizard, which greatly simplifies the task.
In addition, the program allows you to create complex structured task schedules that can be edited as needed. Each action is specified separately, parameters and conditions are selected. You can test their execution directly from the task editor.
Having considered this application, we can conclude that it is very convenient to use, you do not need any specific skills or knowledge of any programming language. But alas, sometimes there may be slight difficulties in completing tasks due to the complex structure of the schedule.
The application also allows recording macros by recording the sequence of user actions on the computer. Everything is the same as in previous programs, plus a simple and friendly interface. True, there is no Russian-language version of the program, but is this a significant disadvantage?
Creating a macro based on existing templates is quite simple; you just need to click on Templates and select the desired template option. You can then add the created macro to the Schedule.
Macros can also be recorded. To do this, click on the Record button in the File menu. To stop recording, you need to click on Stop.
To create a macro in the visual designer, run the Create a macro using Macro Editor command. This constructor does not have advanced features, but for standard version It is quite suitable for use.
In conclusion, you can consider an automation program for Mac computer or iMac. After all, it’s not just Windows...
Of course, such a program exists in the macOS environment and it is called Automator. With its help, you can create many tasks that will be automatically executed by the computer when certain user-specified conditions are met.
The Automator application from Launchpad opens. From the list of all tasks, you can select one - process, program, service, print plugin, folder action, reminder, image capture plugin.
If you selected the Service template, a new window opens where you can create a new process. Creating it is simple: just drag and drop the actions on the left that you want to perform automatically into the free area of the window.
Working with Automator is very easy even for an untrained user - after all, this is everyone’s trick software products from Apple.
Instead of a conclusion
Of course, it is possible to organize your work productively and efficiently. We hope that the above computer automation programs will help you with this. Which one to choose is up to you. Good luck!
General information about the operating system
All variety software(software) according to its functions is classified into system and application software.
System software is used to support the operation of other programs and allows the operation and configuration of machine hardware. System software includes:
Operating system (OS). A set of programs that control the random access memory, processor, external devices and files that conduct a dialogue with the user.
Dialog shells (shell programs). OS add-ons that provide a user-friendly interface.
Service software (Utilities). Disk maintenance programs ((copying, formatting, etc.). Programs for compressing files on disks (archivers). Antivirus programs and etc.
Application software are programs with which the user solves his problems. information tasks without resorting to programming. Application software includes:
General purpose software:
Text editors
Graphic editor
DBMS (databases)
Spreadsheets
Communication (network) programs
Computer games
Special purpose software:
Accounting packages
Computer-aided design (CAD) systems
Math packages
Expert systems
Pedagogical software
Operating system - special program, which organizes a dialogue between the user and the computer, controls the distribution and use of machine resources, manages the exchange between the computer and those connected to it peripheral devices, controls the file structure of the disk.
The most famous operating systems are MS-DOS, UNIX, WINDOWS.
A file is a named area of memory on an external storage device.
The file name consists of the file name itself and an extension, for example, turbo.exe. The extension usually indicates the file type, and the number of letters in it should not exceed three. Table 1 shows examples of file types and their extensions.
Table 1
File types and their extensions
File type
Extension
Text file
Archive files
Arj, .zip, .rar
Executable files
Com, .exe, .bat
File created in Ms Word Application
File created in Ms Excel Application
File created in Ms Power Point Application
A directory is a named set of files and subdirectories. In the Windows operating system, directories are called folders. Figure 1 shows an example of a multi-level file structure of drive C:
^ Fig. 1. Multi-level file structure
The root directory is the first level directory and is indicated by a "\" after the drive name. In the example above, the second-level directories are the IVANOV and PETROV directories, which in turn are subdirectories of the root directory. IN root directory there is also a file fin.com. The third-level directories DATA and PROG are subdirectories of the IVANOV directory, and the IVANOV directory is a superdirectory for them. The PROG directory contains three files pr1.doc, pr2.doc, pr3.doc. The PETROV directory contains three third-level directories TEXTS, DATA, EXE, which each contain one file doc1.txt, task.dat, prog.exe, respectively.
A file's path is a string containing the hierarchical sequence of directories in which the file is located. For example, for the file pr2.doc the access path will be: \IVANOV\PROG\
The full file name is a string that contains the drive name, the file access path and the file name. For example, for the file pr2.doc the full file name will be: C:\IVANOV\PROG\pr2.doc.
^ Basic concepts of the Windows operating system Objects of the Windows operating system
Windows operates with a number of objects. Any object has its own name, graphic designation (in the literature it is called differently - pictogram, icon, badge) and properties. Name and icon make it easy to distinguish this object from others. Properties define an object's characteristics, capabilities, and behavior in the Windows world. The user can influence the state of an object by changing its properties. Of course, different objects have different properties, but viewing and changing them are implemented in the same way for all objects. In Windows there are a large number of objects of the most diverse nature (Fig. 2.). Let's take a closer look at them.
Documents are objects containing this or that information: texts, pictures, sounds, etc. Development multimedia capabilities computer technology means that some documents may contain multiple types of information at the same time, such as moving images and sound.
Programs are used to process documents - these are unique tools for influencing documents. They are often also called Applications. There is a stable connection between individual programs and documents: text editor work with text documents, a phonograph program plays sounds, etc.
A group of documents of the same type, as well as programs for processing them, can be placed in shared folder. A folder is another, larger Windows object. Unlike documents and programs, which are simple and “indivisible” objects, a folder can contain other objects, including new folders; in a particular case, the folder may be empty.
Let's move on to even larger logical objects that can contain folders, documents and programs. These are the most abstract Windows objects; these include the Desktop, the Recycle Bin and some other “office-type” objects, so to speak. Their names are based on the user’s deep everyday associations and are designed to make it easier for him to master the terminology.
^ Fig. 2. Windows object structure
On the desktop you can lay out the documents necessary for work and the tools for processing them - programs.
Objects that have become unnecessary are placed in the recycle bin. As in everyday life, an object can be removed from the basket and used again. Only after a special operation - emptying the recycle bin - does the object really disappear and become inaccessible.
All of the objects we've looked at so far are logical because they don't correspond to any particular piece of computer hardware. In contrast to logical objects, physical objects, on the contrary, are associated with devices that actually exist in the computer. This primarily includes disk drives (flexible and hard drives) magnetic disks, optical CD ROM), printers and objects accessible over the network.
All physical objects are combined into a single collective object called ^My Computer. In addition to the previously discussed objects, My Computer contains another specific logical component - the Control Panel, which is designed as a folder in which all kinds of computer settings are stored. By its nature, the Control Panel is a collection utilities to change the most general properties of the system, data about which is stored in the system database - the registry.
Another important generalized object is ^Taskbar - displays the name of each open window, which makes navigation very easy when there are a large number of windows on the screen.
Also on the taskbar there is an object - home Windows button- Start button.
In addition to the listed objects, there are many other objects. Elements such as folder name, buttons, lists, etc. are also objects. Any Windows application also has a set of objects unique to it.
^Worker Windows table
After turning on the computer, some devices are checked and the operating system is loaded. Depending on the number of programs installed on your computer, this can be a fairly lengthy process. The signal for its end is the appearance of the Windows 2000 desktop image on the screen (Fig. 2.3).
Fig..3. Windows desktop
The desktop is a graphical environment on which objects and controls of the Windows operating system are displayed. Objects are displayed as a variety of icons, and the main control element is the taskbar, located along the bottom border of the screen.
^ Desktop icons and shortcuts
An icon is a graphical representation of an object. Actions with an icon are equivalent to actions on an object. For example, copying an icon results in copying the object, deleting an icon results in deleting the object itself, etc.
A shortcut is only a pointer to an object. Therefore, copying a shortcut will create a copy of the shortcut itself, but not the object; deleting the shortcut will not affect the object, but will only remove the pointer to it. You can create as many shortcuts pointing to the same object as you like, saving them in different places. Since the shortcut is only a pointer, it takes up very little disk space, but at the same time provides easy access to the object associated with it from different places in the operating system.
The My Computer, My Documents, Trash, and Network Neighborhood icons are always located on the desktop and can be renamed, but cannot be removed from the desktop.
The My Computer icon provides access to an external storage device, which may include several logical drives, designated by the Latin letters C:, D:, etc.
The My Documents icon opens one of the folders that are organized on logical drives.
The Trash icon indicates a special container used for temporary storage of deleted objects. If a document or program is no longer needed, they can be deleted, but they are not permanently deleted, but are put in the Recycle Bin, from which they can later be restored.
If your computer has local network support installed, then there is a Network Neighborhood icon on the desktop that gives access to network resources.
^Taskbar
IN system area The taskbar may contain a clock and indicators of various modes, for example, keyboard layout, printer, volume control, communications, etc. By default, the taskbar is located at the bottom of the screen and cannot be covered by task windows. However, if the user wishes, it can be moved to the top or to the vertical borders of the screen, for which you need to use the move action by placing the mouse pointer on an empty space on the taskbar. If you need to change the width of the panel, you must move the mouse cursor over its border, where it will take the form of a double-headed arrow and, using the move action, set right size taskbar.
If task windows are open, the buttons corresponding to these windows are placed in the taskbar, and by clicking on these buttons you can move from one window to another.
^ Main thing Windows menu
Clicking on the Start button located on the taskbar opens the Windows Main Menu (Fig. 4). Using the Main Menu you can:
Launch all Programs installed on the computer and registered in the system;
Open the last Documents you worked with;
Gain access to all operating system Settings tools;
Get access to Search Engine and Help systems Windows.
The Main Menu items for performing these actions are included in its required section. Above the dividing line there is a user section, the items of which can be created at your own discretion.
Fig.4. Windows main menu
The main menu contains the Shutdown item, which is necessary to correctly shut down the system before turning off the power.
^ Window interface of the Windows operating system
operating room Windows system offers the user a windowed interface in which each program being executed is given a separate window. In this case, windows can overlap each other, have different sizes. They can be minimized, and then the presence of the window will be displayed only by a button on the taskbar. Therefore, the taskbar is the most important element Windows interface. Switching between task windows is done by clicking the corresponding button on the panel. When you finish working with the program, the corresponding button will disappear from the taskbar.
Let's consider the structure of any Windows windows using the example of the My Computer window, which appears when you double-click the My Computer icon on the desktop (Fig. 5).
Fig.5. My Computer Window
The My Computer window and windows at subsequent levels have the following standard elements:
The title bar is the top line highlighted in color, which indicates the name of the window, the icon corresponding to this name, and three buttons for minimizing the window, expanding it to full screen, and closing it.
^ The window's main menu bar is the second line with a list of drop-down menus of commands for performing all possible operations with the selected objects or changing their presentation.
Toolbar - the third row containing buttons with icons for quick access to the most frequently used commands.
Address bar- a drop-down list that indicates the full access path to the current folder allows you to quickly navigate to any My Computer level object
^ Work area - a field for displaying the organization of information in a given folder or on this level. If all the folder and file icons do not fit in the window, then it will be supplemented with scroll bars located along the right and bottom edges of the work area, depending on its size and the location of the icons.
^ Status bar is the bottom line of the window, which displays auxiliary information.
The working field of the window contains icons of all hard drives computer and special folder icons. Double-clicking on the icon of one of the hard drives (for example, drive C:) will open the next level, allowing you to get acquainted with the organization of the information stored on it. In this case, depending on the system settings, this level is displayed in the same window or opens a new window. All folders in it are indicated by the same icon and differ only in names, while files, depending on their type, are displayed with different icons. Double-clicking on any folder will open a window showing how the information stored in it is organized, and so on until we reach the lowest level, which will house only files.
Click on system icon, located in the upper left corner of the window on the title bar, brings up the window menu, the commands of which allow you to control its size and location. Three of them are duplicated by buttons located on the right in the title bar - Collapse, Maximize and Close. If the window is maximized to full screen, the Maximize button changes to the Restore button, which restores the size of the window that was before the Maximize command was executed.
In order to resize a window horizontally or vertically using the mouse, you need to move the mouse pointer over one of the window borders (the mouse pointer will change to a double-headed arrow) and perform a move action. If you need to change both sizes at the same time, then the mouse pointer must be moved to the lower right corner and perform a move action.
Moving a window around the screen can be done by using the mouse to hover over an empty space in the title bar and then perform a drag action.
^ Panel Windows management
Various possibilities Windows settings designed to personalize the work environment and create conditions for effective work. Access to configuration tools is possible through a special Control Panel folder. You can open the window of this folder through the Main menu: Start - Settings - Control Panel.
The Windows operating system takes into account national differences in formats for recording numbers, dates, times, monetary amounts, etc. For example, the separator between the integer part of a number and the fractional part in the USA is a dot, and in Russia it is a comma. IN different countries There are differences in the formats for recording negative numbers and units of measurement of physical quantities. Typically, when you install a localized version of Windows, they are configured automatically based on your country of residence. However, when working with files created in another standard, you have to adjust the default settings. To do this, open the Language and Standards window by double-clicking on the icon located in the Control Panel folder. On the General tab, just select the language with the location so that the corresponding values are automatically set on the remaining tabs. Please note that the list separator for Russia is a semicolon, while for the USA it is a comma. Spreadsheet users often encounter this difference.
The computer's system clock and calendar are used when saving any file to record the moment it was created or modified. Using the Date and Time icon, a window in which the day of the month is selected from the calendar panel, the current month from the drop-down list, and the year from the spinner buttons. Exact time is set bit by bit using a counter by first selecting the desired digit (hours, minutes, seconds). The Apply button performs the installation without closing the window, and the OK button does the installation. On the second Time Zone tab, you can set automatic transition to summer and winter time, and also select the appropriate time zone.
Using the Keyboard icon, a window opens in which you can configure the auto-repeat speed of characters and the blinking frequency of the mouse cursor. On the Language and layouts tab, you can set keyboard layout options and combinations shortcut keys to switch them. If the Display language indicator on the taskbar checkbox is selected, you can switch the layout on the taskbar using the mouse through the indicator's context menu.
The Mouse icon opens the mouse settings dialog box. The Mouse Buttons tab specifies the functions of the left and right buttons, as well as the means for setting the interval for double click. The test area is used to train and check the convenience of setting the interval. The Pointers tab allows you to select a set of mouse pointers that appear on the screen in different operating modes. The Move tab is used to set the sensitivity of the mouse and create a trail when moving the mouse pointer.
Setting the screen parameters and its design is done in the Screen window, called up using the icon of the same name, or by clicking right button mouse over a free part of the Desktop and selecting the Properties context menu command. On the Settings tab, you set the screen resolution (measured by the number of horizontal and vertical pixels) and the color resolution (measured by the color coding bit depth of one pixel or the number of simultaneously displayed colors). These parameters depend on the amount of video memory on the video adapter board. The Apply button allows you to find out the mutual correspondence of the selected values, since if there is an unacceptable combination of these parameters, the computer will restore the correct original values after 15 seconds.
Setting up the appearance of the Desktop is determined by the background image (the file in which it is stored is indicated on the Background tab), appearance elements of the dialog box (design schemes are selected on the Appearance tab), the appearance of the main icons (presentation options are selected on the Effects tab).
To provide sound for events, you need to open the Sound and Multimedia window. Such events could be Windows startup 98, opening or closing a window, emptying the basket, receipt Email, shutdown, etc. Each event can be associated with a sound clip. A ready-made set of settings associated with assigning certain sounds to various events is called sound design.. Events that have sound are marked in the list with a loudspeaker icon. The file field specifies the full access path to the audio clip corresponding to the selected event.
Clipboard
The clipboard in Windows XP is a special memory area used to temporarily store information. Information placed on the clipboard is available to all running programs. Thus, the clipboard is used to transfer any data between different applications and documents.
A context menu is a menu that is called up by right-clicking on an object.
Programming is a creative and interesting process. In order to create programs you do not always need to know languages. What tool is needed to create programs? You need a programming environment. With its help, your commands are translated into computer-readable binary code. But there are a lot of languages, and even more programming environments. We will look at a list of programs for creating programs.
PascalABC.NET is a simple, free development environment for the Pascal language. This is what is most often used in schools and universities for teaching. This program in Russian will allow you to create projects of any complexity. The code editor will prompt and help you, and the compiler will point out errors. Possesses high speed yu program execution.
The advantage of using Pascal is that it is object-oriented programming. OOP is much more convenient than procedural programming, although it is more voluminous.
Unfortunately, PascalABC.NET is a bit demanding on computer resources and may freeze on older machines.
Free Pascal
Free Pascal is a cross-platform compiler, not a programming environment. With its help, you can check the program for correct spelling, as well as run it. But you won't be able to compile it in .exe. Free Pascal has high execution speed and a simple and intuitive interface.
Just like in many similar programs, the code editor in Free Pascal can help the programmer by completing the writing of commands for him.
Its disadvantage is that the compiler can only determine whether there are errors or not. It does not highlight the line where the error was made, so the user has to look for it himself.
Turbo Pascal
Almost the first tool for creating programs on a computer is Turbo Pascal. This programming environment is designed for the operating room DOS systems and to run it on Windows you need to install additional software. The Russian language is supported and has high execution and compilation speed.
Turbo Pascal has such interesting function, like tracing. In trace mode, you can watch the program work step by step and monitor data changes. This will help you find the hardest errors to find—logical errors.
Although Turbo Pascal is easy and reliable to use, it is still slightly outdated: created in 1996, Turbo Pascal is only relevant for one OS - DOS.
This visual environment programming in Pascal language. Its user-friendly, intuitive interface makes it easy to create programs with minimal language knowledge. Lazarus is almost completely compatible with the Delphi programming language.
Unlike Algorithm and HiAsm, Lazarus still requires knowledge of the language, in our case Pascal. Here you not only assemble the program piece by piece with the mouse, but also write code for each element. This allows you to better understand the processes occurring in the program.
Lazarus allows you to use a graphics module with which you can work with images and also create games.
Unfortunately, if you have questions, you will have to look for answers on the Internet, since Lazarus does not have documentation.
HiAsm
HiAsm is a free constructor that is available in Russian. You don't need to know a language to create programs - here you simply assemble it piece by piece, like a designer. There are many components available here, but you can expand their range by installing add-ons.
Unlike the Algorithm, this is a graphical programming environment. Everything you create will be displayed on the screen in the form of a drawing and diagram, not code. This is quite convenient, although some people like the text entry more.
HiAsm is quite powerful and it has high program execution speed. This is especially important when creating games that use a graphics module, which significantly slows down the work. But for HiAsm this is not a problem.
Algorithm is an environment for creating programs in Russian, one of the few. Its peculiarity is that it uses text-based visual programming. This means that you can create a program without knowing the language. An algorithm is a constructor that has a large set of components. Information about each component can be found in the program documentation.
The Algorithm also allows you to work with the graphics module, but applications using graphics will take quite a long time to run.
IN free version You can compile a project from .alg to .exe only on the developer’s website and only 3 times a day. This is one of the main disadvantages. You can purchase a licensed version and compile projects directly in the program.
IntelliJ IDEA is one of the most popular cross-platform IDEs. This environment has a free, slightly limited and paid version. For most programmers, the free version is sufficient. It has a powerful code editor that will fix errors and complete code for you. If you make a mistake, the environment tells you and offers possible options solutions. It's an intelligent development environment that predicts your actions.
Another handy feature in InteliiJ IDEA is automatic memory management. The so-called “garbage collector” constantly monitors the memory that is allocated for the program, and, in the case when the memory is no longer needed, the collector frees it.
But everything has its downsides. A slightly confusing interface is one of the problems that new programmers face. It is also obvious that such a powerful environment has quite high system requirements for correct operation.
Most often Eclipse is used to work with the language Java programming, but it also supports other languages. It is one of the main competitors of IntelliJ IDEA. The difference between Eclipse and similar programs is that you can install various add-ons for it and it can be completely customized.
Eclipse also has high compilation and execution speeds. You can run every program created in this environment on any operating system, since Java is a cross-platform language.
The difference between Eclipse and IntelliJ IDEA is the interface. In Eclipse it is much simpler and clearer, which makes it more beginner-friendly.
But just like all IDEs for Java, Eclipse still has its own system requirements, so it will not work on every computer. Although these requirements are not so high.
It is impossible to say with certainty which software for creating programs is the best. You need to select a language and then try each environment for it. After all, each IDE is different and has its own characteristics. Who knows which one you'll like best.
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