Greetings to all. Usually, if you have problems starting operating system or turning off the light during operation, upon subsequent boot of the system, a list of possible starts appears.
In order not to mislead you and teach you some nuances, I will share some very useful tips. So, if the system did not boot but provided a boot choice, then I recommend selecting the following option - Last Known Good Configuration or loading the last good configuration.
This start option cancels any changes made to the registry key CurrentControlSet which directly caused the problem.
This registry key determines the values of hardware parameters and all drivers installed on the system. Function loading last known known configuration will replace the contents of the above registry key with the data stored in backup copy, which were used the last time Windows was successfully started.
Reboot the computer. After the sound signal, press the F8 key and hold it until the operating system start selection menu appears. From the list of launch options that appears, select and activate it by pressing the key "Enter".
Remember, you are given one single attempt to restore the system's last known known configuration.
In general, if you were unable to restore the system after starting the OS from the mode, then this means only one thing - the backup copy is damaged. In this case, this recovery method will not help us.
1 Recovery Console
This method involves using the utility "recovery console". How more difficult problem loading the operating system, the more serious the approach to solving it should be. The boot CD with the installation system usually contains very useful utility - "Recovery Console"
To autorun boot CD with Windows OS, place in DVD-CD drive and restart your computer. As soon as the computer restarts and the drive begins to read data from the disk, you will see the Setup and Installation Wizard dialog box.
This will happen if you are in BIOS settings in download priority "Boot first device" You put "DVD/CD-ROM". I wrote about this in more detail in the article -. Once the download begins, follow all instructions that appear on the screen.
The program will provide you with a selection of basic files to run the installation program. The installation wizard greets you with the phrase "Welcome To Setup". Now all you have to do is press the key "R" which facilitates the opening of the recovery console.
Now the Recovery Console dialog box has opened in front of you. Here we will see a folder with files and also a request to select the operating system with which you plan to start working.
Next, you have to press the key with the number corresponding to the operating system number, then the program will ask for the administrator password, if any. Well, now you have it full access To command line.
I wrote more about how to work with the recovery console in the article -
3 Fixing damage to the Boot.ini boot file
At the initial stage of Windows OS startup, the Ntldr program accesses the boot file Boot.ini. As a result, the program determines the location of system files and available options to continue booting.
This is precisely why, in case of damage to the boot file Boot.ini, the operating system cannot continue or even start booting correctly.
In the event that Windows OS does not boot and the reason for this is a damaged file Boot.ini then the recovery console toolkit will help you - Bootcfg.
To start it Bootcfg you will of course need to start the system with boot disk Windows XP. To run the command Bootcfg, you need to enter into the command line of the management console: Bootcfg /parameter
Where /parameter- this is one of the functions that I will tell you about now.
Add– performs scanning hard drive for the presence of all installed operating systems. In addition, it adds the identifiers of new operating systems to the boot file Boot.ini.
Scan- scans the hard drive for all installed operating systems.
List– displays a list of records in the file Boot.ini.
Default– displays the identifier of the operating system that is being run during startup
Rebuild– completely restores the Boot.ini boot file. The user is given the opportunity to control every step.
Redirect– in administration mode this function allows you to redirect download operations to another designated port. It has several subparameters, or rather two: | ./Disableredirect – Disables redirection.
It is worth noting that in Windows Xp and Windows 7 boot.ini is formed differently. I have written several articles on the topic of boot.ini for XP and 7:
4 Repairing a defective Master Boot Record
The master boot record uses the first sector of the hard drive and carries out the boot procedure for Windows XP. The entry contains a table of all available hard drive partitions and a small program "primary loader" The primary bootloader, in turn, is responsible for placing the active or boot sectors in the partition table.
Once placed in the table, the boot sector begins to start the operating system. If suddenly the boot record is damaged, the active sector will not be able to start the system.
In order to eliminate this problem The recovery console includes the Fixmbr program. Booting from installation disk and activate the recovery console.
In order to run the Fixmbr command, you need to enter the following into the command line of the management console: Fixmbr
Where
- the compound name of the disk for which there is a need to create a new master boot record. The qualified name for the main boot drive C:\ will look like this: \Device\HardDisk0
5 Restoring a damaged HDD boot sector
The boot sector is a small section of the hard drive dedicated to storing data in the operating system, having an NTFS or FAT32 file system, and it is also a fairly small program that helps in the process of loading the operating system.
If the system refuses to start precisely because the boot sector is inoperative, the recovery console tool can help you FixBoot. To do this, you need to load the installation disk and go to the recovery console menu.
In general, I have already indicated above how to do this. In order to launch this program you will need to enter the following in the command line of the management console: Fixboot:
Where- the drive letter that requires creating a new boot partition.
6 Quick reinstallation of Windows
In the event that the system cannot be started and you do not have a backup copy, you can perform a Quick Reinstallation of Windows.
This procedure involves reinstalling the operating system in the same directory (similar to updating old version system to a newer one) and can fix almost any problem Windows boot.
Place the boot disk into the DVD/CD drive, then restart the computer. Once the disk is recognized and reading begins, you can begin the installation procedure. During installation, a license agreement will appear.
In order to agree to the terms of the agreement, press the F8 key. Next, the program will scan all installed Windows versions. As soon as at least one of the versions is found, the installation screen will appear.
In order to start restoring the version of the system you need, you need to click "R", and to start the installation "Esc". The system recovery procedures will start. The installation wizard will now begin checking the disks for functionality, and then begin a quick reinstallation.
Remember, after reinstalling or recovering a damaged installation, all updates will have to be reinstalled again.
7 How to cancel automatic reboot
As a rule, if an error occurs during stable operation of the system, the operating system automatically reboots.
When an error occurs directly at system startup, a cycle of endless reboots occurs. In this case, you need to disable the function of automatically rebooting the system upon failure.
At the beginning of the operating system startup or after POST, press the F8 key, which will open a menu in front of you "Extra options".
Next you need to select the item "Switch off automatic reboot in case of system failure" and activate it by pressing the key "Enter". Now, when Windows XP starts up, it will display an error message, the essence of which will tell us about the malfunction.
Restoring the Windows operating system from a backup copy.
If none of the system recovery methods helped you, then there is a chance to restore the operating system using a backup copy (if you have one).
The recovery algorithm completely depends on the program you are using to perform the backup, which provides you with all the necessary instructions.
Conclusion
There can be many recovery methods and reasons why Windows does not boot. The main thing is that the system is mostly recoverable and you don’t have to perform. That's all. I wish you success in dealing with the problem.
When Windows XP won't boot...If your computer's devices start normally, but your Windows XP operating system does not, you may need to begin a troubleshooting process that consists of identifying the reasons for the system's boot failure and fixing them. Below are 10 tips to solve Windows XP startup problems.Using a Windows boot floppy
The first thing you should turn to if problems occur during the system startup process is the boot floppy disk. It can help if the active partition of the hard drive or the files necessary to boot Windows are damaged.
To create a Windows boot floppy disk, insert the floppy disk into the disk drive of a machine with an operating system that is working correctly and configured in a similar way. Windows system XP, open the My Computer window, click on the floppy disk icon and select from context menu"Format" command. In the Format dialog box, leave the default settings unchanged and click the Start button. When formatting is complete, close the window to return to “My Computer,” double-click on the shortcut to drive C and copy three files from its root directory to the floppy disk:
Boot.ini
NTLDR
Ntdetect.comNow insert the created boot floppy disk into the floppy drive of the computer with the damaged system and click to restart the computer. When started from this floppy disk, the system will try to boot, ignoring the active hard disk partition and boot files.
Using the Last Known Good Configuration option)
You can also try starting the system using the Last Known Good Configuration option, which will undo any changes that caused problems in the CurrentControlSet registry key, which is responsible for determining the values of hardware parameters and installed drivers. The “Load last known good configuration” option will replace the contents of the specified registry key with the data from the backup that was used at the last successful start of the OS.
Restart your computer by clicking. When you see the “Please select the operating system to start” message or hear a single beep, press the key to launch the Windows Advanced Options menu. Select Last Known Good Configuration and press .
Please note that you only have one attempt to restore the Last Known Good Configuration. In other words, if the option did not help fix the system boot problem, it means that the backup copy is also damaged.
Using the System Restore utility
Another useful tool for troubleshooting Windows XP boot problems is the System Restore utility. She works in background as a service to continually check critical system components for changes. Before changing any setting, the service immediately creates a backup copy and a restore point. In addition, by default, checkpoints are created every 24 hours.
To use the System Restore utility, restart your computer by clicking. When you see the “Please select the operating system to start” message or hear a single beep, press the key to launch the Windows Advanced Options menu. Select Safe Mode and press .
After loading Windows XP into safe mode Click the Start button and go to the Programs | Standard | Service | System Restore (All Programs | Accessories | System Tools | System Restore). In Safe Mode, only the option “Restore your computer to an earlier state” is available as it is already selected by default, just click “Next”. The Recovery Wizard will then prompt you to select a checkpoint and begin the recovery procedure.
Using the Recovery Console
Windows XP boot problems of a more complex nature require a correspondingly more serious approach. The Windows XP Boot CD contains a useful Recovery Console tool.
To start the system from a bootable CD Windows disk XP, insert it into the CD-ROM and click to restart your computer. Once the download begins, simply follow the prompts, which will allow you to select the main files to run Setup. At the Welcome To Setup screen shown in Image A, press the R key to launch the Recovery Console.
Rice. AThe Recovery Console menu screen appears (Image B). This displays a folder containing the operating system files and asks you to select the operating system you want to log into. Press the corresponding number key, and then enter the administrator password. You now have access to the Recovery Console command line.
Rice. BFixing a damaged Boot.ini file
At the beginning of the Windows XP boot process, Ntldr uses the Boot.ini file to determine the location of the operating system files and what options are available to continue booting. Therefore, if the Boot.ini file is damaged, Windows XP cannot start correctly.
If the system does not boot due to a damaged Boot.ini file, you can use the Bootcfg tool in the Recovery Console. Of course, to do this you will have to start the system from a bootable CD and use the Recovery Console, as described in point 4.
To run the Bootcfg command, enter in the Management Console command line:Bootcfg /parameter
Where /parameter- one of the options below.
Parameters and description
/Add– scans the disk for all installed versions Windows OS and allows you to add new OS identifiers to the Boot.ini file.
/Scan- scans the disk for all installed versions of Windows OS.
/List– Displays each entry in the Boot.ini file.
/Default– assigns the identifier of the default operating system specified in the boot menu as the main one.
/Rebuild– completely recreates the Boot.ini file. The user has the opportunity to confirm each step.
/Redirect– allows you to redirect the download operation to a special port in administration mode without a monitor. Has two subparameters: | .
/Disableredirect– Disables redirection.Fixing a damaged hard drive boot sector
The boot sector is a small section of the hard drive that contains data about file system operating system (NTFS or FAT32), as well as a very small program written in machine code language that assists in the OS boot process.
If the system does not start due to a damaged boot sector, you can use the FixBoot tool in the Recovery Console. To do this, you will have to start the system from a bootable CD and use the Recovery Console, as described in point 4.
To run the FixBoot command, enter in the Management Console command line:Fixboot:
Where - the drive letter for which you want to create a new boot partition.Fixing a damaged master boot record
The Master Boot Record occupies the first sector of the hard drive to start the Windows boot procedure. It contains the disk's partition table and a small program called the master boot record, which is responsible for placing the active or boot sector in the partition table. Once placed in the table, the boot sector begins Windows startup. If the master boot record is damaged, the active sector will not be able to start the system.
To resolve this issue, the Recovery Console provides the Fixmbr tool. Start the system from the bootable CD and activate the Recovery Console as described in step 4.
To run the Fixmbr command, enter in the Management Console command line:Fixmbr
Where - the qualified name of the disk for which you want to create a new master boot record. For example, the distinguished name for the main boot drive C would look like this:
\Device\HardDisk0
Cancel automatic reboot
When working in Windows XP occurs critical error, the system automatically reboots. If a crash occurs during the startup process of Windows XP, the system gets stuck in an endless reboot loop. In this case, you should disable the option to automatically restart when the system fails.
When the system starts to boot and you see the “Please select the operating system to start” message or hear a single beep, press the key to launch the Windows Advanced Options menu. Then select “Disable The Automatic Restart On System Failure” and press . From now on, Windows XP will display an error message during the boot process, from which you can find out the cause of the problem.
Restoring from a backup
If you can’t get Windows XP to boot, you can try restoring the system from a backup (if you have one). The recovery algorithm depends on the utility used for Reserve copy, which will provide all the necessary instructions.
"In-place upgrade"
If you can't get Windows XP to boot and you don't have a backup copy, you can perform an in-place upgrade. This operation is a reinstallation of the operating system in the same folder (as in the case of upgrading to a later version of Windows) and can fix almost all Windows boot problems.
Insert the Windows XP boot CD into the drive and restart your computer. When the preparation stage is completed, the screen will appear Windows installations XP (shown earlier in Figure A). Click to begin the installation procedure. In a couple of moments a page will appear with license agreement, click to confirm your acceptance of the terms. The program will then search for previously installed versions of Windows XP, and once it finds one, the second Windows XP installation screen will open (Figure C).
Rice. CTo restore the selected version, you need to press R, and to install a new copy of Windows XP, press . In this case, the operation to restore the damaged version is identical to an "in-place upgrade", so press R. After this, the installer will check hard disks check for faults and then perform an “in-place update”.
Please note that after an in-place upgrade or repair of a damaged installation, you will have to reinstall all Windows updates.
If after turning on the power computer won't boot, this could be due to several reasons.
■ If at the initial boot stage the message Invalid system disk appears on the screen. Replace the disk, and then press any key and you can't do work at home, check to see if you have a floppy disk inserted into your computer's drive. If the floppy disk is present in the drive, remove it, then press the Reset button on the front panel of the system unit or turn off the computer's power and turn it on again.
■ The computer may not boot If the operating system boot process stops at any stage, press the Reset button on the front panel system unit Or turn off the computer's power and turn it on again, then press F8 during the initial system reboot stage. A menu will appear on the screen in which you should select Safe Mode using the cursor keys in Windows 2000/XP or by successively pressing the 3 and Enter keys in Windows 98/Millennium Edition. After Windows has finished booting into crash protection mode, check the disks. In Windows 98/Millennium Edition, to do this, select Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools > Check Disk, and then click the Run button in the Disk Checker window that opens. On Windows 2000/XP, open My Computer, click right click mouse on the icon of the drive on which Windows is installed (most often this is drive C:), in the menu that opens, select Properties. Click the mouse at the top of the window that appears on the screen, go to the Tools tab, click on the Run scan button, check the Automatically fix system errors and Reinstall bad sectors checkboxes, and then click on the Run button. Most likely, Windows will prompt you to perform a scan the next time you boot the system; agree to this proposal by clicking on the Yes button. Restart your computer.
If the computer does not boot, then after loading the operating system in safe mode (to select this mode, press the F8 key at the initial stage of Windows boot) in Windows Millennium Edition/2000/XP, you can use the System Restore utility. To do this, select Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools > System Restore for Windows Millennium Edition/2000 or Start > All Programs > Accessories > System Tools > System Restore for Windows XP. In the right part of the System Restore window that opens, set the switch to the Restore the computer to an earlier point in time position (Restore the computer to an earlier state) and click the Next button. On the left side of the next window you will see an image of a calendar, in the table of which the dates on which Windows automatically created a “snapshot” of the system are highlighted in bold - it is to the state of one of these days that you can restore Windows using this program. These “snapshots” are called system restore points. You can switch months in the calendar by clicking on the buttons with the right and left arrows. Having selected the desired month, click on the date when the restore point you need was created. In the field to the right you will see the time it was created and a short text comment. You can scroll through the list of restore points by clicking the right and left arrow buttons above the restore point descriptions. After selecting the desired restore point, click Next. System Restore will show you information about the selected restore point. Click the Next button to begin system recovery. Within a few seconds, the System Restore program reads all necessary information, after which the computer will restart. After the resuscitation process is completed, Windows will boot into normal mode with completely restored settings. System Restore doesn't mean that when you restart your computer, you'll lose any documents or emails you've recently prepared, but programs installed after the restore point was created may not run, so you'll need to reinstall them again.
If, when you turn on the computer's power, sounds are heard from the system unit. sound signals, consisting of a series of long or short beeps (the image on the monitor screen may disappear), this means a hardware failure has occurred - most likely computer won't boot because some part of the computer has failed. Contact a computer repair specialist.
Setting the boot configuration (Boot.INI)
If the configuration file boot.INI contains errors, launching Win XP will also be impossible, since NTLDR will not know what to load and with what parameters. The system notifies you of this problem with the following messages:
- Check boot path and disk hardware - check the disk and path to the boot partition;
- Could not read from selected boot disk - could not read data from the selected boot disk;
- Windows could not start because of a computer disk hardware configuration problem - Windows startup failed due to a disk configuration error.
The recovery console will again help you get out of the situation. Run the command: bootcfg /rebuild- it restores the standard boot.INI entries. During its operation, all hard drive partitions are checked for installed copies of Win. If systems are detected, entries about them are added to the configuration file, and the user can confirm or reject the addition of the system to the boot list. This way it is possible to restore the launch of several copies of Windows at once.
Registry recovery
Another reason XP does not boot is damage to the registry, especially the System sections, which contain information about starting drivers, and Software, which contains boot control settings.
To “rollback” these two partitions to the state at the time the system was installed, launch the recovery console and run the commands:
rename c:windowssystem32configsystem system.old
rename c:windowssystem32configsoftware software.old
copy c:windowsrepairsystem c:windowssystem32configsystem
copy c:windowsrepairsoftware c:windowssystem32configsoftware
Using the same method, you can restore other sections of the Win registry: Default, Security and Sum.
Recovering boot files
You already know why the files responsible for starting Windows XP become inoperable. In such cases, Win loads almost to the end, but at a certain moment it goes into a reboot or ends with a BSoD. Thus, error 0xC000021a (fatal system error) indicates the absence or corruption of Winlogon.exe or Csrss.exe. Problems with other files may not be accompanied by messages, but only appear as a black screen during the boot process.
If you know which files are missing, you can transfer them from another similar system or from a distribution disk - from the i386 folder. To do this, the computer also boots from the recovery console, where commands are executed to copy and unpack files from the storage. Yes, team expand d:i386userinit.ex_ c:windowssystem32 unzip and copy to folder system32 file userinit.exe, where d: is the installation disk.
If you don’t know which files are causing the problem, installing the system in recovery mode will help. System files will be overwritten, but programs, settings and user data will remain unchanged.
- Start your computer from the installation disc. When the “Welcome to the program...” window appears, continue the installation by pressing Enter.
- During further work, the program will scan the disks and if it finds a copy of Windows XP on them, it will offer to restore it. To do this, select it in the list and press “R”.
- After the reboot, there will be several more stages where user participation will be required. This includes entering the serial number.
- At the end of the operation, the files will be overwritten and if the reason why Windows did not boot was in them, the system will restore its operation.
Moreover, it is quite expensive, but it is without visible reasons stopped loading.
It’s good if you can quickly deliver it to service, but in a number of situations you have to fix the problem yourself.
Of course, without a detailed diagnosis, it is impossible to find out the true cause, as well as provide universal advice, but several of the most common causes can be considered.
What to do if your computer won't boot
First you need to find out at what stage the computer freezes, at the self-test stage, or when Windows has already started loading.
If the Windows logo appears on the screen, after which the download stops, the problem is guaranteed to be a damaged operating system; most likely everything is in order with the computer hardware.
Sometimes loading the last known known configuration helps. To do this, immediately after turning on the computer and the BIOS system sends a signal about the successful completion of self-test (one short one), you must start pressing the F8 button. In the menu that appears, select “Load last known known configuration.” If the system starts after this, the problem will be solved.
If the Windows logo does not appear, but the computer passes the test, you can try to boot from external media, for example, from a bootable Windows system disk. If the download went fine, the problem is most likely in the operating system, after reinstalling everything should work fine.
If the computer starts up at the self-test stage, the problem lies in the hardware. It is necessary to listen to the signals sent by the BIOS system using the beeper.
Depending on the signals sent, you can try to determine the cause of the failure:
- One long, three short – video card malfunction. The first thing you need to try to do is remove and reinsert the video card, check the connection of additional power cables to it, if any. If this does not help, you will have to contact service.
- Three long ones – memory error. Remove one of the modules and try to start the computer again. Remove both memory modules, if there are two, and try to insert them again into the same slots, or into other free memory slots, if motherboard installation is provided in all slots of the same type of memory.
- One long and one short, repeated short, continuous - a malfunction of the motherboard or processor. You'll have to contact service.
On a number of motherboards early years release, resetting the BIOS may help. Find a jumper on the board (jumper) consisting of three contacts, under which it says Clear CMOS. Move the jumper installed on it to a different position (for example, if it is now installed on the first and second contacts, move it to the second and third) for a minute, then return it back. Try to start the system.
Sometimes even such a method helps as removing the network cable from the power supply, waiting a minute and plugging it back in. This is due to the operation of the power supply protection system against voltage surges.
[Total: 3 Average: 3.7/5]
Who hasn't encountered this problem? You turn on the computer, and instead of the expected standard boot, you see something completely different.
A little about the sore point
I want to tell my little story about purchasing a computer. One day I bought it in a reputable specialty store. The sales consultant was especially kind and friendly and offered the product at a discount. He even helped me, as an amateur and an absolute novice, install the Windows XP OS (for an additional fee, of course), several programs and wished me good luck. But it was luck that did not accompany me, at least for a year, at least after purchasing the computer.
Literally a couple of days later, when I installed several more programs, after turning on the computer again, the download did not occur, but a message appeared with something like this:
How so? Why? The computer is new! I thought that I had done something wrong myself and called a “specialist.” The “master” arrived and said: “Windows has crashed!” and for a fee reinstalled the system. Well, I think, thank God, I’ll be more careful and everything will be fine.
A week later the unpleasant story repeated itself. I even had a fight with my son about who could have done this... We shift the blame onto each other for wrong actions. Well, do you need to install at least some programs, or just stare at an empty desktop?
This nightmare lasted for about a year! Several more times they reinstalled the OS for me (again expenses!). I took the system unit to the store where I purchased the computer four times a day. warranty repair, where they replaced my hard drive, motherboard. I lost count of how many times the OS was restored and reinstalled (more expense!).
Of course, now I understand that they sold me some kind of substandard condition and after a forced upgrade everything began to work normally. But, in the end, apart from the lost money and nerves, I also gained some positive experience. I began to study literature on my own, began to gradually understand issues related to computer hardware. I started by installing a floppy disk (who remembers, there was one like that once), then increased the RAM, replaced the processor Seleron on Athlon 64X2, bought and installed TV tuner and a second hard drive, I learned how to independently reinstall the OS and perform recovery in case of malfunctions.
How did I restore the OS for the first time?
When the excitement subsided a little and the computer began to work well, I calmed down, but that was not the case. “Twenty-five again!” "Windows can't start because the file \WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\CONFIG\SYSTEM is corrupted or missing" or something like that...
This time I decided to take action myself and restore the system.
When you turned on the computer, before the OS started loading, immediately after the characteristic “peak” signal, pressed the F8 key and entered the menu of additional boot options:
I chose the option. The operating system booted normally.
Loading Last Known Known Configuration- this windows mode allows you to load system settings that worked properly. On successful completion Windows operation important system settings are saved in the registry.
If the failure is not global, selecting this item quite often helps to start the system in normal mode.
Then, without turning off the computer, I did a system restore:
Start → all programs → accessories → utilities → System Restore→Restoring the computer to an earlier state.
I chose a date one day ago. I clicked the “next” button and the system automatically restored itself to the state on the specified date.
After recovery, a system alert appeared on the monitor screen:
This, in my opinion, is one of the simplest and effective ways system recovery. But, in more complex cases, other measures will be needed.
If this method does not help, go to safe mode, press the F8 key in the same way and select the top line - “Safe Mode”.
Safe mode- failure protection mode. Safe mode loads only those drivers and services that are necessary for the system to function. Windows XP safe mode will correct all errors and return the system to working condition.
Let's try to run it in the same way System Restore and rollback Windows to another checkpoint.
Unfortunately, sometimes this service cannot be started in safe mode.
Do not disable the System Restore service; it quite often saves the system from reinstallation. Working in the background and constantly checking important components for changes, it creates backups and restore checkpoints, which are also created every 24 hours by default.
Acronis True Image Home
In more complex cases, when Windows XP does not load, various messages appear on the monitor screen indicating that the registry is damaged or system files, or “Windows can’t start because of a corrupted file... etc.”, and you can’t restore the system by entering the boot menu or accessing a restore point, the recovery console helps. I tried to try this option, but I never found a dialog box asking me to enter the recovery console by pressing R on the keyboard, although I got to formatting the disk during the system installation process. And then where? Perhaps, I thought then, such a function is not always available on system drives. Maybe I'm wrong? And to use this method, you need to already understand some complex issues, be a bit of a pro.
In this regard, I would like to draw your attention to the program Acronis True Image Home. For some time now I have started using it and I am confident that all the data on my computer will not be lost and the system will not need to be reinstalled.
In the program window, on the “System Protection” tab, you can clearly see that system partition backup, boot disk, and startup recovery enabled.
If the operating system does not boot for some reason, you can use the tool Startup Recovery(needs to be activated). To do this, when the computer boots, when a corresponding message appears on the screen, press the F11 key. Program Acronis True Image Home will start offline and you can restore the system.
Function Startup Recovery allows you to run Acronis True Image Home without loading the operating system. If Windows for some reason stops loading, then using this function you can start the standalone version Acronis True Image Home and restore damaged partitions. Unlike booting from removable media or a RIS server, this does not require a disk or network connection. This is especially convenient for traveling users. To be able to take advantage Startup recovery, prepare as follows:
- Install Acronis True Image Home to a local computer;
- Create on your hard drive local computer"Acronis Secure Zone";
- Activate Startup Repair. To do this, click on the “Startup Repair” item and follow the Wizard’s instructions.
To activate Startup Repair, the Acronis Secure Zone must be present on your computer. If there is no such zone, you will be prompted to create one, and Startup Repair will be enabled once the zone is created. If Acronis Secure Zone already exists, Startup Repair will be activated immediately.
Somehow I had to try this method in practice. For reasons that often arise for users (the system hangs, refuses to respond to commands, etc.), I decided to restore the system using Acronis True Image Home. At the beginning of the boot, as expected, I pressed the F11 key, before the OS loaded in offline mode, a program window opened and I selected recovery system disk on a specific date from a backup copy. Following the program prompts, I successfully restored the system. To be honest, I was pleasantly surprised! The program worked flawlessly, there are no complaints about it. But, as always, I received a fly in the ointment. As with any recovery, there were some losses. I had to update the Anti-Virus again, the process of accepting money on Webmoney was duplicated, everything that was placed in the “My Documents” folder after the restoration date disappeared. New bookmarks in IE and Opera disappeared (I had to copy them to a flash drive!) And most importantly, my site files are located on virtual disk Z Denver, and this, in fact, is on drive C. They have also been “updated,” so to speak, to the previous level. I had to copy and update everything from the Hosting server. In the end, I restored everything successfully. These are unpleasant upgrade costs; they are, as a rule, inevitable, but in any case they are not comparable to the losses that may occur as a result of reinstalling the system.
was not activated), you should use the boot CD created during installation (or later from the program) and boot the computer from it. This will automatically load Acronis True Image Home and you will be able to restore damaged partitions.
Thank you for your attention and patience. I wish you success in mastering the program and stable computer operation. Good luck! Best regards, L.M.
Unfortunately, sometimes you can encounter quite serious problems with turning on computers and starting operating systems, although up to certain point There were no signs of trouble. It happens that most often the computer turns on, but the operating system does not start. It is these situations that will be discussed further. Let's look at questions related to why the computer won't boot and what to do in such situations. There are several universal solutions here.
The computer turns on, but the operating system does not start: reasons
Among all the possible situations when failures occur at the loading stage, several typical cases can be identified.
There are three options:
- a black screen appears;
- arises blue screen BSoD;
- The operating system starts, but cannot fully boot.
In the first case, when the computer does not start (the boot does not turn on), messages may appear on the black screen indicating physical or software problems. In the simplest case, when nothing serious happens, the system may report that, for example, the keyboard is missing (for desktop PCs). The simplest solution is to connect it and reboot.
If the computer turns on, but the boot does not start, and instead warnings about software failures or missing files appear on a black screen, there can be many reasons for this system behavior. Among them, first of all, we can highlight problems with the hard drive, damage to the operating system (accidental or intentional deletion of system components or registry entries), exposure to viruses, incorrect boot sector entries, RAM conflicts, etc. By the way, if a blue screen pops up, this is more related to the “RAM” or recently installed drivers devices that cause conflicts not at the software level, but at the physical level.
What to do if the computer does not boot and the operating system does not start for the above reasons? Depending on the situation, there are several solutions. To an uninitiated user, they may seem quite complicated, but in certain situations only they can be used to resuscitate the system. Therefore, you will have to spend both time and effort.
The computer turns on but does not boot: what to do first?
So, let's start with the simplest thing. Let's assume that a short-term technical failure has occurred in the system, for example due to incorrect shutdown or power surges.
As a rule, almost all Windows modifications used today usually automatically activate startup upon restart. If this does not happen, before starting the system you will have to use the F8 key to call up the additional boot menu (Windows 10 uses a different method).
The computer turns on, but the operating system does not start? There's no need to get upset. Here in the very simple version you can select the line to load the last working configuration. If everything is in order with the system components, the system will boot without problems. If this does not help, you will have to use the troubleshooting section, and sometimes even trying to boot into safe mode may be successful.
Possible viral infection
Unfortunately, viruses can also cause such situations. What to do if the computer does not turn on? Ways to solve this particular problem boil down to using a powerful one that could check for threats even before the OS itself starts.
Among the variety of anti-virus software, it is especially worth noting disk utilities that start directly from an optical media or USB device and have their own boot records and even GUI like Windows. One of the most powerful tools is Kaspersky Rescue Disk. Its use can guarantee almost one hundred percent detection of viruses, even those hiding in RAM.
RAM conflicts
Now let's see what to do if the computer does not boot and instead a blue screen appears. As already mentioned, most often this indicates problems with drivers and RAM. We’re not touching the drivers yet, but let’s look at the RAM.
The proposed solution to the issue of if the computer does not boot is mainly designed for stationary PCs. In this situation, you should remove all memory sticks, and then insert them one by one and check the load. Perhaps one of them is the link that causes failures. This may occur when trims from different manufacturers are added.
If the system can somehow be loaded using the same safe mode, the RAM should immediately be checked using the Memtest86+ utility, which will help identify the true cause of the problem.
The system does not see the hard drive
Now the worst situation is when the computer does not boot. The causes and solutions may be related to the hard drive.
A hard drive can have both software and physical problems, although sometimes that’s not even the issue. The problem may be completely trivial: the user in the BIOS settings has set the boot priority from a removable device, for example, from optical disk, which in this moment is in the drive, but is not a system file. You just need to remove it and download again.
On the other hand, another problem that the computer does not start (the system does not start) may be due to the fact that bootloader is damaged and records of the corresponding sector. The solution to this situation will be discussed a little later. But in the simplest case, you can try to restore disk data using Recovery utilities.
Sometimes changing the settings of the primary BIOS input/output system also helps. Here you need to find the section related to setting up the hard drive, and in the SATA configuration parameters, deactivate the use of AHCI mode.
Finally, the hard drive may also have purely physical damage, and this cannot be done without outside intervention.
Using the installation disc
Many users clearly underestimate the help that the installation or system image can provide in solving problems associated with situations when the computer turns on, but the operating system does not load.
Firstly, almost any kit includes a so-called recovery console, with which you can eliminate many software failures, and secondly, you can use the command line here. This, by the way, is the most effective method. Next it will be clear how this works.
Problems with the BOOTMGR bootloader
It is believed that the most common problem when the computer turns on, but the operating system does not start, is damage to the Windows boot manager (Boot Manager). In this case, the system just writes that there is no system partition (it simply does not see the hard drive).
You can fix this problem by starting from the boot disk and going to the command line in the recovery console, to open which you press the “R” key. Next, you need to first use the check disk command and then fix (restore) boot records.
The whole sequence looks like this:
- chkdsk c: /f /r;
- Bootrec.exe /FixMbr;
- Bootrec.exe /FixBoot.
After entering commands, punctuation marks are not placed, but the enter key is pressed. If for some reason executing these commands does not have a positive effect, you can alternatively use a complete rewrite of the boot sector, which is performed by the Bootrec.exe / RebuildBcd command. If HDD has no physical damage, this should work, as they say, one hundred percent.
You can also use some third-party utilities. The most suitable program seems to be a tool called MbrFix, which is included in the Hiren’s Boot CD. After calling it, for example, for Windows 7, provided that this particular system is installed, and only on one disk (there is no partitioning), the following should be written:
- MbrFix.exe /drive 0 fixmbr /win7.
This will save the user from having to make changes to boot records, and the boot will be restored.
Problems accessing the NTLDR file
When a message appears that a given component is missing from the system, a boot commit is first applied, as in the previous case.
However, if the result is not achieved, you will need to copy the original file to the root of the system partition. For example, if the drive is "C" and the drive is "E", the command would look like this:
- E:\i386> copy ntldr C:\ (after copying, the system will boot without problems).
Damaged or missing HAL.dll file
If the computer turns on, but the operating system does not load in normal mode, the reason may be a damaged component HAL.dll (a corresponding notification may be displayed on the screen).
In this situation, you need to boot the system in safe mode, call the command console and write the following line in it:
- C:\windows\system32\restore\rstrui.exe (then press the Enter key and restart).
Instead of a total
Here is a brief summary of everything that concerns solving the problem of the inability to start the operating system. Naturally, the issues that the cause could be low nutrition, refusal CMOS batteries, loose connection of cables, presence of dust inside the system unit or other malfunctions. But in software terms, the above methods work flawlessly.
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